US282064A

US282064A - eberley

Info

Publication number: US282064A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1883-07-31
Anticipated expiration: 1900-07-31

Description

(No Model. 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. P. C. EBERLEY 8u R. RICHTER.

COKE OVEN AND KILN. No. 282,064. Patented July 31,

TMB mt s u kwek (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. F. C. EBERLEY 8v R. RICHTER.

COKE O VEN AND KILN.

N. PETERS. Phem-Limagmphu. waminglen. D, C.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

P. C. EBERLEY 8v R. RICHTER. COKE OVEN AND KILN.- No. 282,064. Patented July 31, 1883.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRIDERIC C. EBERLEY AND RUDOLPH RICHTER, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

COKE OVEN AND KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 282,064, dated July 31, 1883.

Application inea April 29,1882. (No modem V Toa/ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that we, FRIDnRIc-H C. Ennu- LEY and RUDOLPH RICHTER, of Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improve `ments relating to Coke-Ovens. of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to an improved oven in which coal is reduced to coke and the heat utilized, as will be hereinafter explained. After the first ignition, and when the ovens and inclosing masonry have become heated up, the coal in the ovens is fired by the heat of the masonry. The smoke arisingnds an outlet through apertures made in the arch of the ovens into channels suitably located. The gas arising and passing out through side apertures comes in contact with air from the exterior introduced through suitable channels, and is ignited, thereby thoroughly heating the masonry of the ovens. The products of combustion thus produced ascend through vertical fines into a main channel or iiue, whi ch conveys them to the kilns in which the burning is to be done. These kilns are suitably located between the series of coke-ovens, so that the heat given off by the surrounding masonry of the coke-ovens, as well as the products of combustion above described, is thus utilized. The arrangement of the flues conveying the ignited gases to the kilns is such that they may be taken to one kiln and then discharged into the s1noke-stack, or, if they are not spent, may be carried on to another kiln, as hereinafter set forth.

The accompanying drawings forni a part of this specification, and illustrate what we consider the best means of carrying out the inven- Y. tion.

Figure 1 represents a series of horizontal sections of the ovens, taken on the planes 1, 6, 7, and 8 in Fig. 6. Fig. 2 represents horizon-` tal sections on the

planes

2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in Fig. 6. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken through the smoke-flue. Fig. 4t is a longitudinal vertical section of the same. Fig. 5 is an exterior elevation of a portion of the structure with the parts complete. .Fig 6 is a longitudinal section on the zigzag line x y, Fig. 1. Fig.- 7 is a vertical transverse section of an oven.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

(i are the coke-ovens. b are the brick or terra-cotta burning ovens or kilns. XVe have shown the structure as built about a polygon or portion thereof. The coke-ovens. a are grouped, and the kilns rl lie between the groups at the angles ofthe octagon or other polygonal shape. Channels and iiues conve)T the ignited gases and heat from the cokeovens to the kilns, where it is utilized in burning any desired article.

In erecting the structure the foundation is built up of some material that will endure the heat, such as common hard bricks or some varieties of stone. Then it is leveled off, the wall-anchors a* ai" are placed thereon, which are to receive the upright exterior bars, b b. (See Figs. 1 and 5.) Another course of similar material is then laid, and upon this bed the fire-bricks forming the bottom of the channels c c are placed, as also the iioor of the kilns d, Which are laidin fire-clay. The covers of the channels c c form the floors of the ovens a, and are of lire-clay: Partitions f separa-te the several channels c. The sides of the ovens a, built of fire-brick also, are punctured by several channels or iiues. The central upright flues, li, h, (see Fig. 6,) Vextend from the bottoni channels, c, to the upper horizontal fines, g. Near the top they are narrowed, and open into transverse passages q, whichhave exits i into the main fines g. A loose brick or other suitable slide is placed in the passage q and moved by a poker or tool from the exterior opening, p, (see Fig. 2,) to open orA close the passage or exit r, thus controlling the draft throughthe upright channel h. The products of combustion, after circulating through the channels c, pass up through the iiues 7L 71..

The ovens are arched, as shown at a, and near the top they have orifices fv, which con1- municatc with a series of channels, i' fz?, run ning horizontally near the sides of the ovens. These channels 'i i are formed on either side of the ovens, and the connectingoriiices V also enter from either side, so that the exit of gases will be equal on each side. .Lying between these channels 'i fi, in the partition between the ovens, are air-ducts k, (see Figs. 2 and 6,) which have communication directly with the IOO outside air. The bricks between the channels fi i and air-ducts k are laid loose and without cement or mortar, so that the air will flow into the gas-channels f z' and mingle with the gas. This causes combustion, and the ignited gases flow down, circulate through the bottom channels, c, and then rise through the upright ues 7L. It will thus be seen that the entire surrounding masonry of the ovens is exposed to the action of the burning gases, except asmall portion at the top. A fervent heat is thus maintained in the ovens without a very active fire being maintained therein. The heat will be evenly distributed over the oven. The ducts k are provided on the outside with brick plugs or other means for shutting off the ingress of air or regulating the flow thereof.

Above the ovens are provided the horizontal flues f/ g, which convey the products of combustion from the various upright fines h to the kilns d, where the said products are utilized for burning bricks, pottery, terracotta, Ecc. The communication through these fines may be had to the kilns or to the smokestack, as desired, by means of suitable gates or valves, to be hereinafter described, and the burning gases and other products of combustion may be received into these lines from only one of the ovens or from several, as may be desirable, by means of the shut-off slides or bricks in the passages q, operated as above described. To facilitate the conveyance of the products of combustion to the kilns or to the smoke-stack, the ilues f/ are branched, as shown in Fig. l in the section taken on line 7 of Fig. 6, one branch entering near the front of the kiln el and the other entering the smokestack y at the rear ofthe kiln.

Across the smoke-stack, above and below the junction with the liuc g, slides or gates s s are provided. Vhen the upper one of these gates is closed, the gases, &c., may enter the kiln or continue their traverse in the next set of flues y. \Vhen the lower slide, s, is closed and the upper one open, the products of combustion will travel out the smoke-stack. Then both the gates are closed, the products continue to circulate through the fines g, passing along to the next stack. The iues g are provided with vertical sliding gates w w, which direct the passage of the products of combustion. These gates are operated from the top of the structure. They are formed of cast-iron, and are coated over with fire-clay on both sides for the purpose of protecting them from the action of lire. They work in grooves formed in the fire-brick walls of the flues g. They are hung on chains running over pulleys, and the free end of the chains is provided with counter-wei gl its. Those vertical slides fw which are near to the smoke-stacks y may have their pulleys attached thereto, while those at a distance must be provided with a frame-Work to support them. By means of these gates w the products of combustion may be directed either to the front of the kiln or to the back of it barrowis formed in the front on the eXte-W rior of the structure. Smaller openings are formed alongside of this for the purpose of` cooling. At the rear of the kilns an opening is provided under the smoke-stack y, about opposite the main door, in order to secure a draft, when such is needed, to cool off the chamber in a short time. Vhen the burning is going on, these openings are to be closed by being walled up air-tight.

The tops of the kiln-chambers d are provided with a number of holes, t to provide for ventilation and regulation of the temperature in the'kilns. Caps are provided for these holes, as shown.

The iron frames for the doors to the ovens are placed in position and iitted tightly to the brick-work at the proper time during the erection of the structure.

lThe top is leveled off and finishedwith flags, on which are laid tracks or ways, upon which carts or trucks run to convey the coal to the ovens. The ovens are charged through the channels u from the top, as shown. These channels or feed-pipes a are provided with caps or stoppers, as shown. (See Fig. G.)

Then all the parts are in place, the upright bars b are reared and tied across the top by the swivel-rods, as shown, in order to hold the iron door-plates securely in position. These bars b rest upon the wall-anchors a* heretofore described. v

lf moisture from the ground should interfere with the successful working of the apparatus, we overcome this by placing a series of draining-tiles a. under the masonry to carry off the water. y

The apertures v are set obliquely in the base of the arches a,- and are inclined upward, so as to prevent the coal, &c., from getting into and choking them.

Structures possessing some of the features of ours have been made having the coking-chambers partially surrounded with lflues, and others having a boiler or calcining-kiln arranged between two coking-ovens to receive the products of combustion from them, and have a valve or gate in the passages from the ovens to the kiln or boiler; but we are not aware of any having the arrangement and construction herein claimed.

Nothing in this application is to be considered broadly for the utilization of the waste heat from coke-ovens, as that has heretofore IOO been accomplished in various Ways'. The features of novelty in this invention are specifically pointed out in the claims.

Modifications may be made in the forms and proportions Without departing from the prin-` ciple or sacrificing the advantages of the invention. n

The drawings show an octagonal form of the structure; but this shape is by no means necessary. It may be erected in a straight line or with as many corners as circumstances may dictate, having also a convenient number of ovens-say from two to sixteen, more or lessplaced between the kiln-chambers in each case.

Having thus described our invention, What We desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is l. In a series of coking-ovens and bakingkilns in which the series of ovens and kilns are arranged alternately and in octagonal or po lygonal form, the channels c, formed beneath the iioor of the ovens a, the upright lues 71, IL, leading from the channels c to the upper horizontal fines, g, having passages q, with sliding .dampers, the ovens having passages o, communicating with channels z' t', the ducts 7:, leading from the outer air into the channels, and means for deflecting the combined gases into the kilns at will, all combined and operating substantially as set forth. f

2. In a coking oven substantially as described, the ovens a, having outlets c, channels i, and ducts k, communicating with the outer air, the channels c, arranged beneath the floors of the ovens and having partitions f, the 3 5 vertical passages h, passages q, having sliding dampers, the upper horizontal passages, g, and defleoting-valves w w and s s, and the kilns d, all combined and operating as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands, at the city of Denver, Colorado, this 15th day of March, 1882, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRIDERICH C. EBERLEY. RUDOLPH RICHTER.

Titnessesz CARL BRUEHNE, FRED. HIELMEYER.