US424474A

US424474A - Brick-kiln

Info

Publication number: US424474A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1890-04-01
Anticipated expiration: 1907-04-01

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet Al.

(No Model.)

HQ S. EALLWOOD.

BRICK KILN.

Fighljatented-Apr. 1, 1890 l l l l 4 N. PETERS` Fhara-Linognphu. wamngrun. uc

(No Model.) Z'Sheets-Sheet 2.' A

H. s. HALLWOOD. BR'IGKv KILN.

` N. PETERS. mumompnef. wmngam mc UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY S..HALLWOOD, OF CQLUMBUS, OHIO.

LamcK-Klrla.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 424,474, dated April 1, 1890.

Application filed November 13, 1889.

To @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY S. HALLwooD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in BrickfKilna'of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the improvement of brick-kilns; and the objects of my invention are to so construct a brick-kiln by means of which the brick contained therein may be burned uniformly without regard to their location in the kiln, to arrange and Vconstruct the furnaces and their flues in such manner as to insure a high and uniform temperature and strong draft, and to construct the same without complication and in a durable and simple form. These objects I accomplish in the manner illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-d Figure is a side elevation of my improved kiln, showing a portion of the outer wall broken away to line a; a; of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on line y y of Fig. l; and Fig. 3 is a front end view of the kiln, showing one-half of the same cut away back to line .e e of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail view showing a vertical section of one of the furnace-compartments and a portion of the kiln main wall. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view taken on line s s of Fig. 4.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

A represents the sidewalls, B the ends walls, and C the arched top connecting the side walls. The ends B are each provided with a doorway b.

a represents the furnaces, which, as shown, are arranged in a row along each'side of the kiln side walls, and each of which is formed by building outwardly from a side wall of the kiln, at right angles therewith, two parallel furnace side walls a. The space between each pair of furnace side walls a is divided centrally by a partitiomwall c, which is parallel with said walls c', thus forming double iire-chambers CZ within each furnace. These furnaces being made to adjoin each other laterally, it will be seen that, except in cases where they are separated by the kiln side frame stay-pieces e, one wall a will serve as a side wall for two furnaces. .A suitable roof Serial No. 330,160. (No model.)

or cover f is made to connect the tops of the furnaces and cover the same.

G represents the outer end wallof the furnaces, said end wall having formed thereinV an upper feed-opening g and a lower draft and ash opening g for each chamber d. Each of the chambers d is provided at a point between the upper and lower openings g g with a suitable grate-bar H, the latter extending from the front tor the rear end of `the chamber.

The upper portion of each of the furnace partition-walls is at its rear portion provided with an opening h, which connects the two chambers of the furnace, and a similar opening h is formed in the lower and rear end of said partition-wall.

Formed in eachv of the kiln side walls, opposite each of the furnace partition-walls c, is a vertical ilue 'L'. Each of these iiues c' extends from the ground or lower side of the kiln side wall to al point in the upper portion of said side wall, from which point it is Vdirected inwardly and upwardly, as shown in dotted lines of Fig. 3 of the drawings, and made to communicate with the interior of the kiln. Each of the lues c' is connected with the opposite furnace by a short horizontal passage la, the latter entering the furnace at apoint opposite the partition-opening h. The lower end of the flue t' is connected with the lower portion of the furnace by a short nue-passage 7c', which enters the said furnace at a point opposite the lower partition-opening h. One or more horizontal passages L connect the flue t' with the lower portion of the interior of the kiln.

Formed in the outer side of each of the kiln side walls, at points respectively opposite the flues t', are damper slots, eachof which extends inwardly a sufficient depth to cause it to intercept the iuecl and into which may be inserted, as shown, a damper-plate m.

n n represent two parallel ground-fines, said flues extending longitudinally beneath the central portion of the kilnafloor. rlhese nues n have their upper open sides flush with the floor of the kiln, and being closed at the forward end of the kiln pass beneath the rear end of the kiln and lead to a smoke-stack lo cated at any desired point. The uppjer open sides of these nues a may be provided at in- IOG tervals'with cover blocks or slabs p, which will operate to partially close said nues. The operation of the above-described portion of my brick-kiln is as follows: rlhe brick to be burned having been packed in the desired manner within the kiln and the doorways b closed, ires are started upon the gratebars H of each of the furnace-chambers.

From the herein-described double con struction of said furnaces it will be seen that the heated products of combustion will escape from each of the two chambers of the furl nace into the horizontal nue-passage k and thence into the ilue t', The dampers m being drawn outward sufficiently to prevent the obstruction of the flue t', the heat thus directed into said flue will be discharged within the upper portion of the kiln, from whence it will pass downward. about the brick to be burned and entering the ground-fines to the smoke-stack. Although the products of combustion will thus be distributed to a certain extent among the brick to be burned, it is well known that the ejection of the heat from the iues c' into the upper portion of the kiln, coupled with the tendency of hot air to rise to thehighest pointin a compartment, will result in subjecting the top bricks to a greater heat than those in the lower portion of the kiln.

This unequal distribution of the heat among the brick to be burned will naturally result in a variation in the brick with reference to their hardness.

By the construction of my improved kiln it will be seen that, when desired, the dampers m may be forced inward to close the flues t' above the flue-passages L, and thus cause the heat from the furnaces to pass through said passages L directly among the lower brick, thus admitting of the points of entrance of the heat being changed to regulate the distribution of the heat among the brick, and thereby insuring equality in the burning thereof. lVliile the damper is drawn and the products of combustion are being directed through the iiue t' into the upper portion of the burning-chamber, the lower openings L may be closed with loose brick, which may be removed when the brick in the upper portion of the kiln are sufficiently burned and it is desired to direct the heat through said openings L. The lower nue-passage k serves to admit sufficient air to produce perfect combustion of the gases in the flues t'.

lVhen it is desired to use gas, cr a combination of gas-and other fuel, a gas-pipe q may, as shown. in the drawings, be made to enter each of the uest' through the lower draft-u opening 7c.

Where very intense heat is required for burning refractory material, the gas may be used simultaneously with the coal-furnaces.

Owing to the herein-described construction of the furnaces it will be seen that the products of two fire-chambers will be directed into each flue, and in case it should become necessary to clean, alter, or repair one compartment of one of said furnaces and the withdrawal of the fire therefrom made necessary the flue will be furnished with heat from the remaining compartment, thus preventing the brick within the kiln which are adjacent to said flue-opening from being cooled. v

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

In a brick-kiln, the combination, with the main walls and two compartment-furnaces on the outer sides of Said walls, the compartments of each furnace communicating as described, of wall-li ues t', communicating, with both compartments of afurnace and at a high and low point with the burning-chamber of the kiln, substantially as described.

BARTON GRIFFITH, C. C. SHEPHERD.