US495030A

US495030A - Means for telegraphing

Info

Publication number: US495030A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1893-04-11
Anticipated expiration: 1910-04-11

Description

W. H. FAHRNEY. MEANS FOR TBLEGRAPHING.

(No Model.)

ylll atented Apr. 11,1893.

,Zwazz 02? as an Pnutuumcn. wasuiuc- NEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State der pressure and a resonator provided with a UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

WILLIAM HENRY FAHRNEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MEANS FOR TELEG RAPHING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 495,030, dated April 1 1, 1893.

Application filed October 22, 1892 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM HENRY FAHR- of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Means for Telegraphing, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates more particularly to means for improving or intensifying the sounding qualities of the receiver or sounder of telegraphic instruments, but I wish it to be understood, nevertheless, that I do not limit the scope of my invention to this particular use, for, as will hereinafter appearthe invention is also applicable to systems or devices for the transmission or production of other forms of audible signals.

The primary object of my invention is to render electrically produced signals more andible than heretofore, whereby they may be understood at a greater distance from the receiver or sounder; thus providing for communication between distant vessels at sea, or between other distant points where it is impossible, inconvenient or undesirable to string the usual conductor.

In a more limited sense, the object of my invention is to vary the capacity of a resonance tube by the closure of a key or circuit closer.

With these ends in view, my invention consists in certain features of novelty hereinafter described and claimed and shown in the drawm s. x

In carrying my invention into eifect, I employ means for producing, when desired, a continuous and uniform sound, having connected with a source of any suitable fluid unsensitive portion or medium and an electro magnet arranged to act upon said sensitive medium when a circuit closer or key closes the circuit through the helix of such magnet. As an example of a device for producing such uniform and continuous sound,I have shown a steam orair whistle which may be connected with any well known source (not shown) of fluid under pressure.

In order that the fundamental principles of my invention may be more readily compremagnet is arranged with its pole or poles in Serial No. 449.6%. (No model.)

near proximity to the side of the hell or cup portion of a steam or other whistle or horn composed of magnetic metal, as soft iron or steel, and that While the whistle is sounding, such magnet is successively energized and deenergized, it will be seen that at the instant the magnet becomes energized its magnetic influence will be imparted to the whistle cup, and if such influence be sufficiently powerful,

it will tend to arrest the vibrations of the cup or to set up a. counter or contrary vibration in that portion of it at least which is in the immediate vicinity of the magnet; and in either event, the regularity or uniformity of the sound vibrations of the cup will be destroyed, thus causing the tone of the whistle to vary in strict accord with the existence, duration and strength of the magnetic infiu- 7o ence. It is found in practice, however, that for the more useful purposes to which my invention may be employed, the whistle hell or cup alone is so rigid that it is not sufiiciently responsive to the weaker and rapidly recurring impulses of the magnet. Hence, it is necessary for many purposes to rendera portion of the hell or cup more sensitive, Without destroying the sonorous qualities necessary for the production of loud sound.

Examples of devices by which my invention may be carried into effect are shown in the accompanying drawings in which,

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a simple embodiment of the principle of my R invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional View of the preferred form of apparatus, and Fig. 3 is a plan view thereof.

Like signs of reference indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, from which the foregoing principles may best be understood, A indicates the device for producing a continuous or uniform sound, here shown as a whistle; B represents a circuit 5 closer or telegraphic key, and O the electro magnet whose helix may be placed in circuit with any suitable source D of electric energy, through said key. The cup or hell portion a of the whistle is provided with a sensitive diaphragm E, which in this form, is of course composed of magnetic metal and may be secured in place in any suitable manner or in the manner ordinarily followed in the construction of telephones. This diaphragm forms a part of the wall of the cup or bell a, and may be located at any convenient point, but it is preferably so situated as to form the top or crown or a part of the top or crown of the cup; and the pole or poles of the magnet are arranged in near proximity to it, as for instance, in an ordinary Bell telephone receiver. It will now be seen that at the instant the key 13 is closed, the diaphragm E will be attracted by the magnet, thus causing a single vibration of the diaphragm.

the vibrations imparted to the diaphragm by the rushing steam or other fiuid used andby the vibrations of the balance of the whistle cup, will be wholly or partially checked, or the tension of the diaphragm increased by the influence of the magnet, and as such vibrations of the diaphragm were, at the time the key B was closed, making soundwaves which lent tone to the general tone of the whistle and Which blended with the general tone of the whistle, it stands to reason that the general tone of the whistle as heard, would be varied by the influence of the magnet on the diaphragm. When the key is again opened, breaking the circuit, the diaphragm springs back to its former position, restoring the original or initial tone of the whistle. Thus a complete vibration of the diaphragm While the whistleis sounding, will result in a continuous blast, consisting of three divisions: the first and third being the natural or initial tone of the whistle, andthe second being a different tone whose duration and pitch will depend respectively upon the length of time that the circuit is closed and the strength of the magnetic influence.

While the instrument whichI have now de scribed is capable of carrying out my method,

it is found in practice, nevertheless, that owing to the necessity of employing a comparatively weak electric current for energizing them-agnet, it is necessary that the magnet should be located with its core very close to the diaphragm; but, when this is done themovement of the diaphragm is insufficient to produce results of practical futility, and the diaphragm, moreover, is liable to strike the magnet. vantageous to impart the magnetic impulse to the diaphragm through the intermediary of leverage and a separate armature, whereby the slight movement of such armature will result in an exaggerated movement of the diaphragm.

An example of a convenient and. effective form of lever connection is shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings, and which I will now describe more in detail. In this form of the device it is of course not necessary that the .diaphragm be constructed of magnetic metal, as the magnet may be arranged to act upon an intermediate armature. The diaphragm E, as before described, is mounted in any convenient and well known manner at the up- If at this instant the whistle should be sounding place.

Hence, I find it desirable and adper end of the resonance tube or chamber a composing the whistle cup; and suitably mounted above the diaphragm are two electro magnets O, preferably'such as ordinarily employed in the sounder or receiver of the telegraphic instrument, two magnets being employed for the sake of greater strength. These magnets may be mounted uponaplate F, which in turn is supported upon upright arms G provided with a threaded ring'g, screwing into the upper end of the whistle cup and serving to hold the diaphragm in p The plate F is provided on one side with a laterally projecting arm H in the upturned end h, of which is pivoted an armature lever I, to which is secured the armature J. On the other side of the plate F is a lateral arm K in whichis' pivoted a lever L whose inner end is preferably arrangedjbetween the magnets, and is pivotally connected to a depending stem or rodM, the lower extremity of which latter is screw threaded,and=passed through the diaphragm E, and adjustably connected'theretoby means of clamped nuts -jecting beyond the armature and passing through an upright arm N, which is adjust ably clamped to the extension 11 by aset screw n at its upper end,'while at its lower end it is adj ustably securedto the lever L, a'convenient means foraccomplishing such adjustable connection'consisting of a pin 0 in the end of the arm N, arranged 'to play in a longi tudinal slot l formed in the'lever L. By this arrangement it will be seen that thee-xtent of the movement of the diaphragm resulting from the movement of the armature J,may be regulated by shifting the arm N on the armature lever toward or from such armature accordingly, asit is desired to decrease orincrease the movement of the diaphragm.

The'whistle cup or resonance tube a may be of any .well. -known construction, I have shown a form,-,,however, consisting of a funnel shape chamber or cup, and I prefer to employ suchform as it is found that it produces a deeper and clearer sound with aminimum amount and force of the steam or other fluid under pressure employed. The electro seen that when the circuit at B is closed, the

armature J will be attracted by the magnets and such movement will be multiplied by the IOC levers I and L and transmitted to the diatime the whistle should be sounding, its tone or pitch would be altered the instant the diaphragm became depressed,'and such altered tone would exist until the circuit were again broken, whereupon, the whistle would resume its normal or original tone or pitch. It will therefore be readily understood, that the dot and the dash, or any other code of signals may be produced in the tone of the whistle by the proper manipulation of the key B. It will also be seen that the action of the diaphragm is equivalent to that of an ordinary movable piston, as its purpose is to vary the capacity of the resonance tube, and hence, it is to be understood that by the term, sensitive medium or diaphragm, I include an ordinary piston for which the diaphragm is often used as a substitute in other arts. It is to be also noted, however, that the diaphragm, such as I have shown and described, possesses advantages over the ordinary pis ton in this particular connection, inasmuch as it is capable of lending sound vibrations to the general tone of the whistle while it forms a tight joint and is not liable to rattle, and does notrequire to be accurately ground and fitted to the interior of the cup, as would be necessary with the piston.

Such a device as I have now described may be put to many useful purposes among which might be mentioned that of telegraphy, and more especially for the purpose of telegraphingat sea; for it is evident that two vessels equipped with such devices, might, while passing each other at sea, communicate through the agency of their whistles or horns, according to any of the well known telegraphic codes, or according to any other code of signals. 7 Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with a source of fluid underpressure, of a horn or whistle having a resonance tube or chamber connected therewith and the wall or side of said tube or chamber being provided with a continuous onbroken sensitive medium, and means for vibrating said medium whereby the capacityof said tube or chamber will be varied,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a horn or whistle, an electro-magnet arranged to vibrate a portion of the resonator of said horn or whistle, and means for energizing and dc-energizing said magnet, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with a source of fluid under pressure of an instrument for producing uniform audible sound, connected therewith and having a sensitive medium, an electro magnet arranged to control the vibrations of said medium, and means for temporarily energizing and de-energizing said magnet, substantially as set forth:

4. The combination with a source of fluid under pressure of an instrument for producing uniform audible sound, connected therewith and having a sensitive diaphragm forming a part of its resonance chamber, an electro magnet arranged to control the vibrations of said diaphragm, and means for temporarily energizing and de-energizing said magnet, substantially as set forth:

5. The combination with a source of fiuid under pressure of an instrument for producing uniform audible sound connected therewith and having a sensitive medium, an electro magnet provided with an armature having lever connection with said sensitive medium, and means for energizing and de-energizing said magnet, substantially as set forth:

6. The combination with a source of fluid under pressure of an instrument for producing uniform audible sound, connected therewith and having a sensitive diaphragm, a lever attached to said diaphragm, and an electro magnet having an armature connected with said lever, substantially at set forth:

7. The combination of a whistle having a sensitive diaphragm forming the upper end thereof and an electro magnet arranged to vibrate said diaphragm, substantially as set forth:

8. The combination of an instrument for producing audible sound having a sensitive medium, an electro magnet having an armature, a lever upon which said armature is mounted, and a second lever connected to said first lever and to said sensitive medium, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of an instrument for producing audible sound having a sensitive medium, an electro magnet having an armature, a lever to which said armature is secured, a second lever secured to said sensitive medium, and an adjustable arm connecting said levers together, substantially as set forth:

'10. The combination of a whistle having a funnel-shape resonance tube or cup and a sensitive diaphragm forming the upper end of said cup, an electro magnet for vibrating said diaphragm, and means for energizing and de gneligizing said magnet, substantially as set ort 1.

\VILLIAM HENRY FAHRNEY.

Witnesses:

'F. A. HOPKINS, R. C. OMOHUNDRO.