US491673A - Process of printing colors with aniline-black - Google Patents

Description

i NI'IED STATES PATENT WILLIAM BROl/VNING, OF ACCRINGTON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE ARNOLD PRINT IVORKS, OF NORTH ADAMS, MASSACHUSETTS.

PROCESS OF PRINTING COLORS WITH ANILINE-BLACKP SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 191,673, dated February 14, 1893. Application filed July 30, 1892. Serial No. 441,727. (Specimens.) Patented in England June 18, 1892, No. 11,416.

To all whom it may concern.- singly, but by combining the several opera- Be it known that 1, WILLIAM BROYVNING, a tions in the manner herein described the most subject of the Queen of Great Britain and be perfect effects can be obtained, and delicate, land, residing at Accrington, in the county brilliant, and elaborate patterns or designs 3'. of Lancaster, England, have invented an Imcan be produced upon aniline-black grounds proved Process for the Production and Fixawhich,heretofore,has not been accomplished. tion of Colors, in Conjunction with Aniline- My improved process is to be distinguished Black,upon Cotton, (for which I have obtained from that in which colored designs have been British Letters Patent No. 11,416, dated June produced in connection with aniline black 18, 1892,) of which the following is a specificagrounds by reserving white portions corretiOH- sponding to the design or pattern desired, This invention relates to an improved proand then printing and fixing the color upon cess or combination of operations for the prosuch portions, in which operation the diffiduction and fixation of colors, in conjunction culty of exactly fitting the reserved white por- 1. with aniline black upon cotton materials. tions has been so great and, in fact, almost According to this invention, the fabric or impossible in fine patterns, that the results other material is first mordanted, as by padhave been veryimperfect and unsatisfactory: ding with a solution of an astringent matter, it is also to be distinguished from the methods say, for example, tannic acid or other mateheretofore used for producing colored figures go rial possessing similar properties such as gall upon aniline-black grounds by fastening pigliquor, sumac extract, or other known astrinments upon the fabric, with albumen, which gent, which is then fixed by treatment with a is a wholly mechanical method. For in these solution of tartar emetic or other suitable mepigment methods, the range of colors which tallic salt, according to the usual known can be employed is comparatively limited bemethods of mordanting. The material thus sides lacking clearness, brilliancy and permordanted or prepared is then washed, dried manency; while by my improved process the and padded either upon one side, or upon colors are chemically fixed in the fabric,have both, with an aniline black mixture thickened great brilliancy, and the variety of colors and or otherwise, suitable for the production of shades of colors which may be employed is 8o 30 aniline black by the ordinary known methunlimited.

ods. Before, however, developing the aniline As a specific illustration of the use of my black by steaming or aging in the usual manimproved process, I will describe the producner, the material preparedas above is printed tion of a blue pattern on an aniline black in the desired pattern or design with colorground upon cotton cloth, First prepare or 35 ing matters (such as those ordinarily fixed mordant the cloth in the following manner:

with an astringent as above) dissolved and Make two separate solutions, one in the prothickened and mixed with suitable proporportion of one ounce of tannic acid dissolved l tions of acetate of soda or such other well in one gallon of water and the other one ounce v I known materials, commonly called resists, of tartar emetic to each gallon of water. Pass 40 as are used to prevent the formation or dethe cloth through each solution separately, velopment of aniline black upon the parts drying it between the two, then wash and so printed. W hen the aniline black is dedry. Next pad (preferably on both sides) veloped by steaming or aging as usual, the with a solution prepared as follows:First coloring matters on the printed portions are dissolve six pounds of chlorate of potash in 5 at the same time fixed by the mordant or assix gallons of hot water, and fifteen pounds tringent matter and the resist in the colorof ferro-cyanide of potash, also in six gallons ing mixtures prevents the formation of the of hot water, and mix the two solutions toaniline black at those parts. gether; when cool, add six quarts of aniline I do not claim as new any of the above deoil and six quarts of hydrochloric acid (at I00 50 scribed steps in this process when taken sepa- 82 Twaddle), which have been previously rately, for they have been heretofore used mixed and cooled. This is the standard mixture. YVhen required for use, add more hydrochloric acid in the proportion of about two ounces of the acid to each gallon of the above mixture. Then the cloth thus padded is dried, print on the design with the following:Dissolve two ounces of, say, methylene blue in half a pint of methylated spirits and half a pint of hot water, and add seven pints of a thickened resist containing about four ounces and two-thirds of acetate of soda and two ounces and twothirds British gum to the half pint. When dry, expose in a steam chamber in the usual way, which will develope the aniline black ground and at the same time fix'the methylene blue pattern by the astringent mordant, then wash and finish in the usual manner. In this manner designs in any of the great variety of brilliant colors, derived from coal-tar may be produced upon cotton materials in conjunction with aniline black, and with a variety of different colors in each design, which heretofore has not been accomplished by calico-printers.

It will be understood that the ingredients and proportions of ingredients in the several mixtures may be varied according to the formulas employed by each calico-printer.

I claim as my invention The process of producting and fixing upon cotton, designs in colors, in conjunction with aniline-black, which consists in, first, applying to the material mordant formed by an astringent solution and a metallic salt; second,padding the material with an aniline mixture suitable for producing aniline black; third, printing upon the material in any desired designs a resist for aniline-black mixed with coloring matter which will enter into chemical combination with such mordant, and finally, steaming or aging the material so mordanted, padded and printed, to develop and fix the colors, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM BROWNING. Vitnesses:

GEORGE DAVIES, J NO. HUGHES.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 491,673, granted February 14, 1893, upon the application of \Villiam Browning, of Aocrington, England, for an improvement in Processes of Printing Colors with Aniline Black, an error appears in the printed specification requiring the following correction, viz.: In line 29, page 2, the word producting should read producing and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 28th day of February, A. D. 1893.

[SEAL] CYRUS BUSSEY, Assistant Secretary of the Interior.

Gountersigned W. E. SIMQNDS,

Oomtm'sstoner of Patents.