US4887862A - Bodywork for a vehicle, in particular for an automobile, and process for manufacturing it - Google Patents

Bodywork for a vehicle, in particular for an automobile, and process for manufacturing it Download PDF

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Publication number
US4887862A
US4887862A US07/082,503 US8250387A US4887862A US 4887862 A US4887862 A US 4887862A US 8250387 A US8250387 A US 8250387A US 4887862 A US4887862 A US 4887862A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sheets
sheet
bodywork
crests
type structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US07/082,503
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English (en)
Inventor
Aldo Bassi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fiat Auto SpA
Original Assignee
Alfa Lancia Industriale SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfa Lancia Industriale SpA filed Critical Alfa Lancia Industriale SpA
Assigned to ALFA LANCIA INDUSTRIALE S.R.L. reassignment ALFA LANCIA INDUSTRIALE S.R.L. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BASSI, ALDO
Assigned to ALFA LANCIA INDUSTRIALE S.P.A. reassignment ALFA LANCIA INDUSTRIALE S.P.A. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ALFA LANCIA INDUSTRIALE S.R.L., CHANGE TO
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4887862A publication Critical patent/US4887862A/en
Assigned to ALFA LANCIA S.P.A., ARESE (MILAN), VIALE ALFA ROMEO reassignment ALFA LANCIA S.P.A., ARESE (MILAN), VIALE ALFA ROMEO MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). 1/01/90 Assignors: ALFA LANCIA INDUSTRIALE S.P.A.
Assigned to FIAT AUTO S.P.A. reassignment FIAT AUTO S.P.A. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE ON 09/01/1991 ITALY Assignors: ALFA LANCIA S.P.A. (MERGED INTO)
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/12—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted assembled from readily detachable parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/10—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted in which the main member is plate-like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B62D25/082—Engine compartments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
    • B62D25/2009—Floors or bottom sub-units in connection with other superstructure subunits
    • B62D25/2018—Floors or bottom sub-units in connection with other superstructure subunits the subunits being front structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
    • B62D25/2009—Floors or bottom sub-units in connection with other superstructure subunits
    • B62D25/2027—Floors or bottom sub-units in connection with other superstructure subunits the subunits being rear structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
    • B62D25/2009—Floors or bottom sub-units in connection with other superstructure subunits
    • B62D25/2045—Floors or bottom sub-units in connection with other superstructure subunits the subunits being fire walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D27/00—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units
    • B62D27/06—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units readily releasable
    • B62D27/065—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units readily releasable using screwthread
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49906—Metal deforming with nonmetallic bonding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bodywork for a vehicle, in particular an automobile, which comprises a floor pan constituted by a platform chassis, an upper framework and an auxiliary chassis, having the function of supporting the mechanical elements, the skin and the trimming of the same vehicle.
  • This type of coachwork makes it possible for a higher saving in eight to be achieved, with the strength being the same, than as saved by other solutions, of the type having a separate chassis or an integrated chassis. It also involves greater difficulties from the design standpoint, and requires large investments in the manufacturing. Therefore, it is financially advantageous in the case of large-series production only.
  • a purpose of the present invention is to provide a light bodywork, which is resistant and particularly versatile. It must be suitable for mounting different types of mechanical units and to be dressed with skins of different models, in such a way that both the mechanical units and the skin can be modified rather easily and within relatively short times.
  • Another purpose of the invention is to provide a bodywork which can be manufactured by means of rather flexible processes. It is preferred to use general equipment for all use, rther than specific equipment for a particular model.
  • a bodywork has been designed and accomplished, which comprises a floor pan formed by a platform chassis, an upper framework and an auxiliary chassis, which are made integral with each other. It is able to support the mechanical units, the skin panels and the dressing of the vehicle.
  • the bodywork is characterized in that at least the floor pan has a structure of "sandwich"type. It is formed by three overlapping metal sheets with two sheets having given configurations similar to each other, and with lengths shaped to give simple-curvature surfaces, such as a ruled surface.
  • the third metal sheet is corrugated and is interposed between the first two sheets, with the crests of the undulations being made alternatively integrally attached with the one and with the other of the two above metal sheets.
  • a bodywork wherein the forces applied to the car can be absorbed, even totally, by the floor pan of sandwich type.
  • the contribution supplied by the upper framework, by the auxiliary chassis, and by the skin panels, to the total flexural strength and torsional strength of the car can be minimal. Whatever the value it can be varied, as desired.
  • the vehicle skin panels perform a covering function, and can be designed more freely, as to the asesthetical and aerodynamic characteristics.
  • Another advantage of the proposed solution is represented by the fact that no expensive equipment is necessary for pressing the metal sheets in manufacturing the floor pan.
  • the desired configuration of the same floor pan is prevailingly achieved by operations of shearing and bending of the two metal sheets, i.e., the upper sheet and the lower sheet, of the "sandwich", to give simple-curvature surfaces, such as a ruled surface.
  • FIGS. 1-4 Characteristics and advantages of the invention are now illustrated by referring to the hereto attached FIGS. 1-4, wherein a preferred form of practical embodiment of the invention is shown for non-limitative exemplifying purposes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side-front perspective view of the bodywork according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show details of the constraining means for parts of the bodywork shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the process of manufacturing of a car provided with the bodywork of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 With 10 the bodywork is generally indicated, which is equipped with a floor pan, formed by a platform chassis, accomplished according to the invention; with 11, 12, 13, the floor pan, the auxiliary chassis, the upper framework of the same bodywork 10 are shown.
  • the floor pan 11, the auxiliary chassis 12 and the upper framework 13 are made integral with each other by means of connection means, which are disclosed in detail in the following.
  • the floor pan 11 has a structure of "sandwich"type construction and is formed by three overlapping metal sheets 14, 15, 16 which are constructed of steel sheet. Sheets 14 and 16, which are the upper sheet and the lower sheet, respectively and have configurations similar to each other. Sheets 14 and 16 are sheared along a pre-established boundary and are bent to yield simple-curvature surfaces, such as a ruled surface.
  • the intermediate sheet 15 is corrugated, and has the crests of the undulations made alternatingly integral with the upper sheet 14 and the lower sheet 16, by a continuous welding, e.g., accomplished by a laser process, or by bonding by means of structural adhesives.
  • the hollows between the metal sheets 14, 15, 16 can be filled, at least partially, with a foam of a foamed plastic material.
  • the metal sheets 14 and 16 can be partially dished.
  • the metal sheets 14 and 16 are bent at their front portion 17, according to a preselected bending radius, to form a fireproof wall 18, which separates the front compartment from the passenger compartment 20, and supports the dashboard, the pedals and the steering column of the car. Special openings are provided in the wall 18 to enable the steering column and the mechanical members connected with the pedals to pass through the wall.
  • the metal sheets 14 and 16 have a portion extending horizontally, to form the floor pan 21 which supports the front seats of the car, not shown.
  • the sheets 14 and 16 are bent in their central region at 22, along a preselected curvature radius, to form the plane 23 which supports the rear seats, not shown.
  • the sheets 14 and 16 are further bent at 24, along a preselected bending radius, to form the plane 25 which supports the rear boot.
  • the floor pan is provided with an opening to which a tunnel of metal plate 50 is attached.
  • the speed gear In the tunnel the speed gear, is housed.
  • the tunnel 50 could also be extended, as indicated by the chain lines, to allow the passage of a transmission shaft, not shown.
  • the car In the case where the car is a rear-drive car, or a front and rear wheel drive the tunnel 50 can be used.
  • the sides of the floor pan 11 are closed by box beams, such as the one shown in FIG. 1, wherein the two half-shells 27 and 28 are shown detached from each other.
  • the half-shell 27 is welded to the edges of the sheets 14 and 16 of the floor pan 11, and to it the outer half-shell 28 is subsequently welded.
  • the uprights of the upper framework 13 are formed by box beams.
  • FIG. 1 the internal half-shells 29, 30, 31, 32 thereof are partially shown, which are welded to the internal bases 33, 34, 35, 36.
  • the internal bases are fastened in their turn, by a continuous weld, to the metal sheet 14 of the floor pan 11.
  • the internal bases fastened onto the other side of the floor pan are indicated at 37, 38, 39.
  • FIG. 1 there are shown, detached, the external bases 40, 41, 42, and the external half-shells 43, 44, 45, which are welded to the corresponding internal half-shells, to form the uprights of the framework 13.
  • the external bases 40, 41, 42 are also welded to the external half-shell 28 of the beam which closes laterally the floor pan 11.
  • the fireproof wall 18 is fastened by means of fastening elements such as those shown in FIG. 3.
  • the auxiliary chassis 12 is formed by the side walls 46 and 47, and by the bracket 48. Both the side walls and the bracket are formed by walls having a "sandwich" structure, with two outer metal sheets (14 and 16) and an interposed corrugated metal sheet (15), and closure box beams.
  • the auxiliary chassis 12 which could be also made in a more traditional way from pressed metal sheet and box beams, supports the drive unit of the car. Hence, through its side walls 46 and 47, and through the bracket 48, openings are provided which allow the passage of the related mechanical units, such as the arms of the steering assembly and the axle shafts, in case the vehicle is of the front-drive type.
  • the floor pan 11 supports the mechanical members and the dressing components of the car; none of which are shown. These are known from the prior art.
  • the upper framework can support the panels of the skin of the car; also not shown, in that this can be easily accomplished by those skilled in the art.
  • constraint elements 51 are shown. They are used for fastening the auxiliary chassis 12 to the wall 18, and are also particularly suitable for supporting those mechanical members which undergo strong stresses during the operation of the car.
  • Each member 51 is formed by a sleeve 52, provided with auxiliary end flanges 53 and 54, which is inserted inside special bores 55 provided in the "sandwich" structure of the wall 18 (or of the auxiliary chassis 12).
  • Flange 53 is welded to the metal sheet 14 of the same wall 18, in direct correspondence of the flange 54.
  • Flange 54 comes to rest against the other sheet 16 of the "sandwich” structure.
  • each sleeve 52 a screw 57 is screwed down, after that a respective washer 58 has been interposed, after the preliminary insertion of flanges 56, provided with bores 59, which are welded to the walls 47 and 48 of the auxiliary chassis 12.
  • FIG. 4 the process of manufacturing of a car with a bodywork like that shown in FIG. 1 is represented by a block diagram.
  • FIG. 4 three metal sheet coils 61, 62, 63 are shown, which are fed to the processing station, represented by the block 64, wheren the floor pan 11 and the auxiliary chassis 12 are manufactured. At this station, the metal sheets are sheared and bent, and arranged to the configuration as indicated with the numerals 14, 15, 16 in FIG. 1.
  • the metal sheets 14, 15, 16 are welded to each other, e.g., by a laser process, or bonded by structural adhesives, to form the "sandwich" structure of the chassis 11. It is completed by the addition of the box beams, like that formed by the parts 27 and 28 shown in FIG. 1. This completion is performed in the subsequent station, represented by the block 65.
  • the closure box beams are manufactured by pressing in the station 67, fed by the metal coil 66, and by subsequent welding in station 68, from which they are sent to station 65.
  • the box beams which form the upper framework 13 are manufactured. These are sent to the station 69, and are welded to the floor pan 11, which comes from the station 65.
  • the end assemblage is carried out of the car with the bodywork coming from the station 70, and with the mechanical or dressing sub-units or components.
  • the arrows 76, 77, 78, 79 indicate the feed lines of respectively the dashboard and seats, of the upholstery and internal and external accessories, of the panels of the skin, of bonnets and doors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
US07/082,503 1986-08-07 1987-08-07 Bodywork for a vehicle, in particular for an automobile, and process for manufacturing it Expired - Fee Related US4887862A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8621440A IT1213478B (it) 1986-08-07 1986-08-07 Scocca per una vettur,a particolarmente una autovettura, eprocedimento per la sua realizzazione.
IT21440A/86 1986-08-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4887862A true US4887862A (en) 1989-12-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/082,503 Expired - Fee Related US4887862A (en) 1986-08-07 1987-08-07 Bodywork for a vehicle, in particular for an automobile, and process for manufacturing it

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4887862A (de)
EP (1) EP0255749B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3768169D1 (de)
IT (1) IT1213478B (de)

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US5112102A (en) * 1990-04-28 1992-05-12 Dr. Ing. H.C.F. Porsche Ag Vehicle body, particularly for passenger cars
US5129700A (en) * 1989-12-18 1992-07-14 Fiat Auto S.P.A. Body for a motor vehicle
US5213386A (en) * 1992-05-11 1993-05-25 Ford Motor Company Space frame construction
US5320403A (en) * 1992-04-29 1994-06-14 Ford Motor Company Space frame torque box
US5332281A (en) * 1992-04-30 1994-07-26 Ford Motor Company Space frame construction
US5968298A (en) * 1997-04-01 1999-10-19 Lord Corporation Automobile roof repair method
US6698822B2 (en) * 2001-08-18 2004-03-02 Dr. Ing. H.C.F. Porsche Ag Motor vehicle with a receptacle arranged in an end region of the motor vehicle
DE10018898B4 (de) * 1999-04-16 2004-03-25 Daimlerchrysler Ag Kraftwagen mit einer Tragstruktur
US20040101652A1 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-05-27 Parrish Kenneth R. Hybrid vehicle interior component
US20040119276A1 (en) * 2000-12-21 2004-06-24 Claude Fior Vehicle chassis with sandwich central platform front and rear tubular frameworks and linear dampers fixed to the frameworks
US20050189791A1 (en) * 2004-02-27 2005-09-01 Chernoff Adrian B. Automotive lower body component and method of manufacture
US20060108837A1 (en) * 2004-11-23 2006-05-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc. Automotive vehicle body with hydroformed cowl
US20080315630A1 (en) * 2005-08-05 2008-12-25 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Motor Vehicle With a Body Having a Floor Structure and at Least One Reinforcing Element for Reinforcing the Floor Structure
US20090188100A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-30 Industrial Origami, Inc. Chassis and methods of forming the same
US20090295195A1 (en) * 2004-07-23 2009-12-03 Veronica Pietroni Car frame featuring rtm-technology modules of compsite material
US20100264701A1 (en) * 2009-04-15 2010-10-21 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicular reinforcing bar structure
US8114524B2 (en) 2002-09-26 2012-02-14 Industrial Origami, Inc. Precision-folded, high strength, fatigue-resistant structures and sheet therefor
US8438893B2 (en) 2006-10-26 2013-05-14 Industrial Origami, Inc. Method of forming two-dimensional sheet material into three-dimensional structure
US20130202846A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2013-08-08 Aker Engineering &Technology AS Extruded elements
US8505258B2 (en) 2000-08-17 2013-08-13 Industrial Origami, Inc. Load-bearing three-dimensional structure
US20140015284A1 (en) * 2012-07-11 2014-01-16 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Motor vehicle body with an external reinforcing element for the rear axle connection
US8936164B2 (en) 2012-07-06 2015-01-20 Industrial Origami, Inc. Solar panel rack
US20150137558A1 (en) * 2012-06-08 2015-05-21 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Fiber-reinforced plastic cabin for vehicle
US10259507B1 (en) * 2018-03-22 2019-04-16 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Skid plate and underbody assembly for use with an off-road vehicle
US20210394830A1 (en) * 2018-10-29 2021-12-23 Deere & Company Vehicle having a support structure

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AUPP418298A0 (en) * 1998-06-17 1998-07-09 Rudduck, Dickory Webbed elements
DE29923253U1 (de) 1999-04-16 2000-06-15 DaimlerChrysler AG, 70567 Stuttgart Tragstruktur für Kraftwagen
US6601873B1 (en) 1999-04-16 2003-08-05 Daimlerchrysler Ag Motor vehicle having a crumple zone, passenger compartment and deflecting ramps
DE10036791B4 (de) * 2000-07-28 2006-03-30 Daimlerchrysler Ag Kraftwagen mit einer Tragstruktur aus Zusammengesetzten Leichtbauplatten
ITVR20060140A1 (it) * 2006-09-15 2008-03-16 Claudio Galvanin Telaio, particolarmente per go-kart
EP2456654A1 (de) * 2009-07-24 2012-05-30 VIIG Limited Fahrzeug mit verbessertem karosserieteil
DE102010009611B4 (de) 2010-02-05 2018-07-26 Fahrzeugbau Meier Gmbh Reisemobil sowie Schottbauteil für ein Reisemobil
DE102013010332A1 (de) 2013-06-20 2014-06-18 Daimler Ag Sandwichbauteil mit Verstärkungsprofil
PT3582989T (pt) 2017-02-17 2022-09-27 Mubea Carbo Tech Gmbh Estrutura de bateria e protetor
DE102017217686A1 (de) 2017-10-05 2019-04-11 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Energiespeicherträger für einen Energiespeicher eines Kraftwagens

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Cited By (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5129700A (en) * 1989-12-18 1992-07-14 Fiat Auto S.P.A. Body for a motor vehicle
US5112102A (en) * 1990-04-28 1992-05-12 Dr. Ing. H.C.F. Porsche Ag Vehicle body, particularly for passenger cars
US5320403A (en) * 1992-04-29 1994-06-14 Ford Motor Company Space frame torque box
US5332281A (en) * 1992-04-30 1994-07-26 Ford Motor Company Space frame construction
US5549352A (en) * 1992-04-30 1996-08-27 Ford Motor Company Split joint construction for a space frame
US5213386A (en) * 1992-05-11 1993-05-25 Ford Motor Company Space frame construction
US5968298A (en) * 1997-04-01 1999-10-19 Lord Corporation Automobile roof repair method
DE10018898B4 (de) * 1999-04-16 2004-03-25 Daimlerchrysler Ag Kraftwagen mit einer Tragstruktur
US8505258B2 (en) 2000-08-17 2013-08-13 Industrial Origami, Inc. Load-bearing three-dimensional structure
US20040119276A1 (en) * 2000-12-21 2004-06-24 Claude Fior Vehicle chassis with sandwich central platform front and rear tubular frameworks and linear dampers fixed to the frameworks
US6698822B2 (en) * 2001-08-18 2004-03-02 Dr. Ing. H.C.F. Porsche Ag Motor vehicle with a receptacle arranged in an end region of the motor vehicle
US8114524B2 (en) 2002-09-26 2012-02-14 Industrial Origami, Inc. Precision-folded, high strength, fatigue-resistant structures and sheet therefor
US8377566B2 (en) 2002-09-26 2013-02-19 Industrial Origami, Inc. Precision-folded, high strength, fatigue-resistant structures and sheet therefor
US20040101652A1 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-05-27 Parrish Kenneth R. Hybrid vehicle interior component
US6986547B2 (en) 2002-09-30 2006-01-17 Lear Corporation Hybrid vehicle interior component
US7310878B2 (en) * 2004-02-27 2007-12-25 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Automotive lower body component method of manufacture
US20050189791A1 (en) * 2004-02-27 2005-09-01 Chernoff Adrian B. Automotive lower body component and method of manufacture
US20090295195A1 (en) * 2004-07-23 2009-12-03 Veronica Pietroni Car frame featuring rtm-technology modules of compsite material
US8449024B2 (en) * 2004-07-23 2013-05-28 Ferrari S.P.A. Car frame featuring rtm-technology modules of compsite material
US7222912B2 (en) 2004-11-23 2007-05-29 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Automotive vehicle body with hydroformed cowl
US20060108837A1 (en) * 2004-11-23 2006-05-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc. Automotive vehicle body with hydroformed cowl
US20080315630A1 (en) * 2005-08-05 2008-12-25 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Motor Vehicle With a Body Having a Floor Structure and at Least One Reinforcing Element for Reinforcing the Floor Structure
US7753437B2 (en) 2005-08-05 2010-07-13 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Motor vehicle with a body having a floor structure and at least one reinforcing element for reinforcing the floor structure
US8438893B2 (en) 2006-10-26 2013-05-14 Industrial Origami, Inc. Method of forming two-dimensional sheet material into three-dimensional structure
US20090188100A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-30 Industrial Origami, Inc. Chassis and methods of forming the same
US8246104B2 (en) * 2009-04-15 2012-08-21 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicular reinforcing bar structure
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0255749A1 (de) 1988-02-10
DE3768169D1 (de) 1991-04-04
IT8621440A0 (it) 1986-08-07
IT1213478B (it) 1989-12-20
EP0255749B1 (de) 1991-02-27

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