US487067A - James w - Google Patents
James w Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US487067A US487067A US487067DA US487067A US 487067 A US487067 A US 487067A US 487067D A US487067D A US 487067DA US 487067 A US487067 A US 487067A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- membranoid
- stomach
- tanning
- james
- leather
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 210000002784 Stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 210000004379 Membranes Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 8
- 210000004400 Mucous Membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001747 exhibiting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003097 Mucus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 240000001987 Pyrus communis Species 0.000 description 2
- VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N Tannin Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]2OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)O[C@H]([C@H]2O)O1)O)C(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003387 muscular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
- Y10T428/23929—Edge feature or configured or discontinuous surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
- Y10T428/23979—Particular backing structure or composition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
Definitions
- This invention possesses many of the useful qualities of leather, but has a surface of pero culiar configuration adapting it for use for ornamental purposes, such as paneling or bookbinding, or for manufacture into handbags, purses, slippers, and other useful articles.
- the portion of the animals stomach I5 thus utilized is the gelatinous inner lining or mucous membrane.
- the first step in the production of membranoid is to suitably prepare this membrane for treatment by any of the well-known tanning 2o processes employed in the manufacture of leather. This is conveniently accomplished by trimming off the fleshy parts of the stomach and scraping o the fat and then cleansing the parts which are to be utilized by Washing them in clean waters, (at atmospheric temperature) in which they are agitated from time to time, usually for a-period of from four to ve hours. They are then removed from the cleansing bath and steeped 3o for, say, five hours in a weak lime-Water having a density of, say, 25o Baum, more orless. After steeping, a greater or less portion of the muscular tissue which originally formed part of the outer covering of the stomach is split off.
- the mucous membrane and the portion of ibrinous coating which is left attached to it are cleansed and softened and brought into condition to 4c take up the tannin, which in the subsequent tanning treatment combines With the gelatine in the cells.
- the tanning of the mucous membrane of the stomach after it has been separated from the waste portions of the stomach, cleansed, and freed from mucus will usually occupy about seven days.1
- any of the Well-known tanning processes may be employed.
- a white product may be produced by the employment of the so- 5o called alum process of tanning.
- the membranes are soaked in the usual tanning-vats with ground bark covered with bark liquor. They are thus soaked six or seven times, the duration of each soaking operation and the strength of the bark 5 5 liquor being gradually increased with each soaking.
- the membrane After the membrane has been removed from the last soaking-vat it is scrubbed with Water and dried in the usual manner, and When dry is slightly oiled on its fibrinous side7 6o by which it is rendered flexible preparatory to subjecting it to the ordinary final finishing process, which includes dyeing if the product is to be colored and polishing if it is desired that the finished surface shall be glassy.
- the resulting product while it has many of the useful properties of and to some extent resembles leather, is nevertheless peculiar in its constitution and appearance, and hence the name membranoid has been selected as a 7o distinctive designation for it.
- the finished surface of the membranoid thus produced has three different styles of configuration, as symbolicallyindicated in the accompanying drawings.
- the section B has a configuration giving it a coarse furry effect, due to the presence of coarse bristle-like projections ranging from one-eighth .to threeeighths of an inohin length.
- the membranoid exhibiting all three of the configurations may be used for hand-bags or for any other purpose, or the sections exhibiting the distinctive configurations may be cut apart and used separately.
- the mucous membrane of the stomachs of all animals may be made into membranoid, as'described, it is preferred to use for this ⁇ purpose the stomachs of the larger animals, especially those of the roc cattle Which are killed for foodand Which are' so large that'a single-'stomach will furnish a f membrane having an area of fifteen square feet, more or less. 5 What is claimed as the invention is As a new article of manufacture, the product herein designatedmembran'oid, the
Description
UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JAMES WV. DECKERT, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERI- CAN LEATHER AND MEMBRANOID COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.
MEMBRANOID.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 487,067, dated November 29, 1892.
Application filed January 23, 1890. Serial No. 337,860. (Specimens.)
To all whom it may concern,.-
Be it known that I, JAMES W. DECKERT, of Newark, New Jersey, have invented a new and useful article of manufacture made from certain portions of the stomachs of animals and termed Membranoid, of which the following is a specification.
This invention possesses many of the useful qualities of leather, but has a surface of pero culiar configuration adapting it for use for ornamental purposes, such as paneling or bookbinding, or for manufacture into handbags, purses, slippers, and other useful articles. The portion of the animals stomach I5 thus utilized is the gelatinous inner lining or mucous membrane.
The first step in the production of membranoid is to suitably prepare this membrane for treatment by any of the well-known tanning 2o processes employed in the manufacture of leather. This is conveniently accomplished by trimming off the fleshy parts of the stomach and scraping o the fat and then cleansing the parts which are to be utilized by Washing them in clean waters, (at atmospheric temperature) in which they are agitated from time to time, usually for a-period of from four to ve hours. They are then removed from the cleansing bath and steeped 3o for, say, five hours in a weak lime-Water having a density of, say, 25o Baum, more orless. After steeping, a greater or less portion of the muscular tissue which originally formed part of the outer covering of the stomach is split off. By this mode of treatment, which is effective for the desired purpose, the mucous membrane and the portion of ibrinous coating which is left attached to it are cleansed and softened and brought into condition to 4c take up the tannin, which in the subsequent tanning treatment combines With the gelatine in the cells. The tanning of the mucous membrane of the stomach after it has been separated from the waste portions of the stomach, cleansed, and freed from mucus will usually occupy about seven days.1
Any of the Well-known tanning processes may be employed. Thus a white product may be produced by the employment of the so- 5o called alum process of tanning. If adarkcolored product is desired, the membranes are soaked in the usual tanning-vats with ground bark covered with bark liquor. They are thus soaked six or seven times, the duration of each soaking operation and the strength of the bark 5 5 liquor being gradually increased with each soaking. After the membrane has been removed from the last soaking-vat it is scrubbed with Water and dried in the usual manner, and When dry is slightly oiled on its fibrinous side7 6o by which it is rendered flexible preparatory to subjecting it to the ordinary final finishing process, which includes dyeing if the product is to be colored and polishing if it is desired that the finished surface shall be glassy. The resulting product, while it has many of the useful properties of and to some extent resembles leather, is nevertheless peculiar in its constitution and appearance, and hence the name membranoid has been selected as a 7o distinctive designation for it. The finished surface of the membranoid thus produced has three different styles of configuration, as symbolicallyindicated in the accompanying drawings. The sectionAexhibits a configuration formed of a system of iiattened intersecting membraneous ridges ranging from one to three sixteenths of an inch in Width, with systems of smaller and bead -like projections from those parts of the surface between the inter- 8o secting coarser ridges. The section B has a configuration giving it a coarse furry effect, due to the presence of coarse bristle-like projections ranging from one-eighth .to threeeighths of an inohin length. The sectionChas a rough granular appearance, due to the presence of shorter and coarser projections which, like the ridges and bristles already referred to, are usually iiattened down upon the surface in the course of the manufacture. 9o
lf desired, the membranoid exhibiting all three of the configurations may be used for hand-bags or for any other purpose, or the sections exhibiting the distinctive configurations may be cut apart and used separately.
While it is to be remarked that the mucous membrane of the stomachs of all animals may be made into membranoid, as'described, it is preferred to use for this `purpose the stomachs of the larger animals, especially those of the roc cattle Which are killed for foodand Which are' so large that'a single-'stomach will furnish a f membrane having an area of fifteen square feet, more or less. 5 What is claimed as the invention is As a new article of manufacture, the product herein designatedmembran'oid, the
same consisting of a leather-like iritegument'-v having ornamental configurations upon its 1o finished surface, due to the presence thereon.
` of ridge-like orrbristle-iike projections, substantially asldescribed.v
In testimony thatI claim the invention set forth above I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of January, 1890.
JAM-ES W-.- DEOKERT-- Witnesses:
FREDK. C. FRAENTZEL,
WM. H. CAMFIELD.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US487067A true US487067A (en) | 1892-11-29 |
Family
ID=2555915
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US487067D Expired - Lifetime US487067A (en) | James w |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US487067A (en) |
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0
- US US487067D patent/US487067A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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