US4781997A - Storage battery that is protected against the discharge of acid - Google Patents

Storage battery that is protected against the discharge of acid Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US4781997A
US4781997A US06/940,029 US94002986A US4781997A US 4781997 A US4781997 A US 4781997A US 94002986 A US94002986 A US 94002986A US 4781997 A US4781997 A US 4781997A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
separator material
spacers
storage battery
electrode plates
separator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US06/940,029
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Bohle
Eberhard Nann
Ulrich Romling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hagen Batterie AG
Original Assignee
Hagen Batterie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hagen Batterie AG filed Critical Hagen Batterie AG
Assigned to HAGEN BATTERIE AG, A WEST GERMAN CORP reassignment HAGEN BATTERIE AG, A WEST GERMAN CORP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BOHLE, CHRISTIAN, NANN, EBERHARD, ROMLING, ULRICH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4781997A publication Critical patent/US4781997A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/463—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their shape
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a storage battery that is protected against the discharge of acid, with a compressible, microporous, and capillary separator material disposed between the electrode plates. This material completely fills up the space between the electrode plates and absorbs the electrolyte that is present in the storage battery cell.
  • Such storage batteries are known, for example, from the German Patent Specification DE-OS No. 31 06 203.
  • the separator material contacts the plates completely and with an intimate contact, so that the surfaces of the electrode plates are adequately supplied with electrolyte in their entirety, for the electrochemical processes.
  • the plate sets with the separator material in between are built into the storage battery cells in a tight-fitting fashion, i.e., under a certain passage, during the manufacturing process of the storage batteries.
  • this requires greater care in the assembly and production process, since the compressible separator material may not be compressed too severely over its entire surface or in local component areas. Otherwise, its capacity for taking up electrolyte is reduced, or shortcircuits can occur between the positive and negative electrode plates.
  • German Patent Specification DE-AS No. 11 94 015 already proposed to encase the individual electrodes with a fleece material, and to dispose spacers between the electrode plates, which cause the fleece material to lie against the electrode plates and simultaneously maintain the electrode plates at a distance with respect to one another.
  • each plate had its own fleece encasement, so that the spacers could be disposed between the encased plates.
  • the aim of the invention therefore is to propose a teaching for the technical handling of storage batteries of the type defined in the introduction.
  • This teaching will show how, despite the required use of a microporous and mechanical unstressable separator material, one can guarantee consistent production quality and a shortcircuit-proof operation of the storage batteries.
  • this aim is achieved by spacers being present between the electrode plates, in a manner that is in itself well known, but where the spacers are built into the separator material during a preliminary production step of the separator material, and where said spacers have support surfaces which are situated at least on one side of the separator material below the surface of this separator material, and which preferably extend approximately parallel to the surface of the separator material.
  • a suitable embodiment of the invention provides that the support spacing of the support surfaces of the spacers is up to 70% but preferably 20% to 50% smaller than the thickness of the uncompressed separator material, and thus the support surfaces of the spacers clearly lie below the surface of the separator material either on one side or on both sides of the separator material.
  • a storage battery according to the invention can be fabricated without any problem, and specifically even if the electrode plates with the separator material in between are multiply stacked above one another during the production process.
  • the spacers that are integrated into the separator material prevent the undesirable strong compression of the highly porous separator material.
  • Optimal contact between the pasting compound of the electrode plates and the separator material exists if, according to an advantageous development of the invention, the support spacing of the support surfaces is scaled in such a way relative to the thickness of the uncompressed separator material, that, after compression of the plate set, the separator material contacts the electrode plates with a defined surface pressure of maximally 80 kg/dm 2 but preferably 20 to 60 kg/dm 2 .
  • the prescribed plate spacings are adhered to exactly.
  • the spacers with their mechanical action are not supported directly against the electrode plates, at least on one side or preferably on both sides, but have their support surfaces lying within the separator material, so that sufficient separator material is present between the support surfaces and the plates. In this way, electrolyte will be conducted to the plate surfaces, and oxygen can adequately diffuse to the negative plate surface even in the region of the spacer.
  • the spacers consist of a porous and preferably highly porous material, such as, e.g. a porous sintered body or a porous hard foam.
  • the spacers that are built into the separator material have a support surface, e.g. over the entire area or in the form of a support cross, which extends preferably about parallel to the surface of the separator material and thus parallel to the plate surface.
  • a support surface e.g. over the entire area or in the form of a support cross, which extends preferably about parallel to the surface of the separator material and thus parallel to the plate surface.
  • the spacers can be designed in any desired shape, e.g. as polyhedrons, and can be disposed in a regular or irregular distribution over the surface of the separator material. They must be electric insulators and must be resistant against acid.
  • the spacers can be built into the separator material, e.g. by extruding plastic particles into it or, e.g. by local injection of binders which subsequently harden in the separator material. From the point of view of production engineering, the inclusion of the spacers in the separator material is especially simple if it is accepted that the support surfaces of the spacers on one side of the separator material lie flush in the surface of the separator material. In this case, the spacers can simply be sludged in, e.g. when the fleeced strip material is being fabricated.
  • the separator material which generally is produced as rolled goods.
  • the separator material is formed from microfibers in the form of a fleece and receives a certain strength, e.g. by extruding the plastic particles into it or by injecting binders. Thus, it is easier to handle during the production operation and does not tear so easily, e.g. when it is pulled off the roll.
  • the spacers can be connected together within the separator material, e.g. like beads on a string. This results both in fixing the position of the spacers and also in improving the mechanical loadability of the separator material.
  • An especially advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the spacers which are built into the separator material during the preliminary production stage thereof are fixed in position by a net or a screen which preferably is very thin and wide-meshed. This can be done during the preliminary production stages of the separator material, e.g. by spinning a fleece of microfibers about a net or screen, at whose crossing points the spacers are disposed and are attached to the net or screen.
  • Such nets or screens which preferably are very thin and wide-meshed, and which extend in the transverse and longitudinal direction of the separator material, hinder neither oxygen diffusion to the negative plate nor the electrolyte take-up capacity of the separator material.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-section through an inventive storage battery.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view, partially magnified, of the separator material for use in the storage battery according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows the generic type of storage battery which is protected against the discharge of acid, with the cell vessel 3, which is closed by means of a cover 4.
  • the cell interlock 5 is situated in the cover 4, for example as an overpressure valve.
  • the intermediate spaces between the electrode plates 7 are completely filled with a microporous and capillary separator material 9, which absorbs the electrolyte present in the storagebattery cell.
  • a microporous and capillary separator material 9 which absorbs the electrolyte present in the storagebattery cell.
  • the quantity of electrolyte present in the storage-battery cell is scaled in such a fashion that no free, non-absorbed electrolyte is present in the cell.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in a perspective representation, more precise details of the separator material 9.
  • this material consists of microfibers 10, which are processed into a compressible, microporous, and capillary fleece.
  • the fleece is generally present in the form of a roll 11, as shown in FIG. 2. The required fleece is pulled off this roll and is cut to the desired format as separator material. When the plate sets are formed, it is inserted between the individual electrode plates.
  • the separator material 9, which is disposed between the electrode plates 7, is equipped with spacers 12, 13, or 14. These are built into the separator material during the preliminary production thereof. They have support surfaces 15, 16, or 17, which are situated below the surface of the separator material and which have a certain extent approximately parallel to the surface of the separator material.
  • the support spacing of the support surfaces 15, 16, 17 from one another is about 20% to 50% smaller than the thickness of the uncompressed separator material which is shown here.
  • the spacers can be designed in various shapes, as is demonstrated, for example, by way of the shown spacers 12, 13, 14.
  • the spacer 12 consists e.g. of plastic double cones, whose base surfaces form the support surfaces 15.
  • the spacers 14 which have a web with end plates 16, forming the support surfaces.
  • the support surfaces are formed by transverse webs in cross-shape form.
  • the picture according to FIG. 2 also shows that the individual spacers are connected together within the separator material. In the embodiment shown, this is done by means of very thin threads, e.g. consisting of an acid-proof plastic, but glass fibers or the like can also be used.
  • very thin threads e.g. consisting of an acid-proof plastic, but glass fibers or the like can also be used.
  • the threads are preferably linked to form a net or a screen. They fix the position of individual spacers at predetermined longitudinally and transversely spaced positions within the separator material and, in addition, they have the advantage of decisively increasing the mechanical strength of the separator material.
  • the spacers 12 are strung on a thread 18 which is spun into the fleece during a preliminary production step for the separator material 9.
  • the spacers 13 are fixed in position by a very fine and wide-meshed screen 19.
  • the screen 19 is able to sustain tensile forces in different directions, for example in the plane of the surface extent of the strip goods of the separator material 9.
  • the spacers 14 are fixed in position with a double screen 20 and 21. It is obviously intelligible that a double screen withstands larger tensile stresses so that, when the separator material is pulled from the roll 11, undesired distortions, tearing, or internal cracks can in no case occur in the separator material.
  • the separator material has been described in detail above in terms of FIG. 2.
  • the storage battery according to FIG. 1 When the storage battery according to FIG. 1 is being fabricated, it is disposed between the electrode plates 7 without the need of any further processing. It guarantees that the required plate spacing will be maintained, and, in some circumstances, it also guarantees the flat alignment of bent or distorted electrode plates as well as outstanding electrochemical values.
  • highpower batteries that are protected against the discharge of acid can be fabricated, which can also be produced with horizontal electrode plates of rather large dimensions, if this should be needed.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
US06/940,029 1985-12-06 1986-12-05 Storage battery that is protected against the discharge of acid Expired - Fee Related US4781997A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3543617 1985-12-06
DE19853543617 DE3543617A1 (de) 1985-12-06 1985-12-06 Saeureauslaufsicherer akkumulator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4781997A true US4781997A (en) 1988-11-01

Family

ID=6288096

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/940,029 Expired - Fee Related US4781997A (en) 1985-12-06 1986-12-05 Storage battery that is protected against the discharge of acid

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4781997A (de)
EP (1) EP0228566B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS62140356A (de)
AT (1) ATE52390T1 (de)
DE (2) DE3543617A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2015524B3 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112886074A (zh) * 2021-03-16 2021-06-01 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 高倍率阀控密封铅酸蓄电池制造方法及铅酸蓄电池

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3172782A (en) * 1960-12-13 1965-03-09 Jache storage battery
US4096317A (en) * 1975-08-21 1978-06-20 Esb Incorporated Coated absorbent barrier protecting separator and battery embodying same
US4137377A (en) * 1977-10-19 1979-01-30 The Gates Rubber Company Maintenance-free lead-acid cell
US4618545A (en) * 1984-06-22 1986-10-21 Chloride Group Public Limited Company Recombination electric storage cells

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3944435A (en) * 1974-12-24 1976-03-16 Union Carbide Corporation Bonded component assembly for flat cells and method therefor
US4068047A (en) * 1976-12-10 1978-01-10 The Kendall Company Flat-pack battery separator
GB2070844B (en) * 1980-02-22 1983-08-17 Chloride Group Ltd Electric storage batteries
FR2540674B1 (fr) * 1983-02-07 1985-06-14 Accumulateurs Fixes Dispositif de separation des electrodes d'une cellule electrochimique

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3172782A (en) * 1960-12-13 1965-03-09 Jache storage battery
US4096317A (en) * 1975-08-21 1978-06-20 Esb Incorporated Coated absorbent barrier protecting separator and battery embodying same
US4137377A (en) * 1977-10-19 1979-01-30 The Gates Rubber Company Maintenance-free lead-acid cell
US4618545A (en) * 1984-06-22 1986-10-21 Chloride Group Public Limited Company Recombination electric storage cells

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112886074A (zh) * 2021-03-16 2021-06-01 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 高倍率阀控密封铅酸蓄电池制造方法及铅酸蓄电池

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62140356A (ja) 1987-06-23
ES2015524B3 (es) 1990-09-01
DE3670929D1 (de) 1990-06-07
ATE52390T1 (de) 1990-05-15
EP0228566B1 (de) 1990-05-02
DE3543617A1 (de) 1987-06-11
EP0228566A1 (de) 1987-07-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69412305T2 (de) Batterieplattensatz mit Kompressionsvorrichtung
US3944432A (en) Storage battery plate and manufacturing process therefor
DE3787224T2 (de) Schnell aufladbare geschlossene Bleisäurebatterie mit extrem dünnen Elektrodenplatten.
EP0994518B1 (de) Bleiakkumulator mit einem gerippten, sackförmigen Separator
KR950012793A (ko) 납-산 배터리의 조립 방법
DE4242661C2 (de) Wartungsfreier Bleiakkumulator hoher Kapazität
EP2368285B1 (de) Textiles flächiges material für eine batterieelektrode
EP3203572B1 (de) Positive elektrodenplatte für bleisäurebatterie, bleisäurebatterie und verfahren zu herstellung von positiver elektrodenplatte für bleisäurebatterien
US6153335A (en) Battery cell construction including fiberous mat separator
DE19502594A1 (de) Elektrochemische Zelle
US4618545A (en) Recombination electric storage cells
JP3725965B2 (ja) 密閉形鉛蓄電池およびその製造方法
US4781997A (en) Storage battery that is protected against the discharge of acid
EP0584639B1 (de) Bleiakkumulator
EP0224529B1 (de) Bleiakkumulator mit einem thixotropen gel als elektrolyt und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US4121019A (en) Lead-acid storage battery
EP0935305B1 (de) Elektrodenanordnung für Nickel-Cadmium-Akkumulatoren und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US20140004401A1 (en) Lead acid battery plate
US4502211A (en) Assembling electric storage batteries and a clamp therefor
EP0304006A1 (de) Gasdichter wartungsfreier Blei-Akkumulator
DE60313779T2 (de) Hochleistungsbleiakkumulator mit verlängerter Lebensdauer
EP1830429B1 (de) Bleiakkumulator
JPH0532939Y2 (de)
DE19809665B4 (de) Akkumulator mit einer Separatorkombination
US6235421B1 (en) Enclosed lead storage battery

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: HAGEN BATTERIE AG, THOMASTR. 27/28, D-4770 SOEST W

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:BOHLE, CHRISTIAN;NANN, EBERHARD;ROMLING, ULRICH;REEL/FRAME:004641/0405

Effective date: 19861110

Owner name: HAGEN BATTERIE AG, A WEST GERMAN CORP, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BOHLE, CHRISTIAN;NANN, EBERHARD;ROMLING, ULRICH;REEL/FRAME:004641/0405

Effective date: 19861110

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 8

REMI Maintenance fee reminder mailed
LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
FP Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee

Effective date: 20001101

STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362