US4780634A - Alternating-current electrical generators - Google Patents

Alternating-current electrical generators Download PDF

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Publication number
US4780634A
US4780634A US07/070,925 US7092587A US4780634A US 4780634 A US4780634 A US 4780634A US 7092587 A US7092587 A US 7092587A US 4780634 A US4780634 A US 4780634A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
teeth
stator
generator
pole
bridge
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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US07/070,925
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English (en)
Inventor
John M. Masterman
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Dowty Fuel Systems Ltd
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Dowty Fuel Systems Ltd
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Publication date
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Assigned to DOWTY FUEL SYSTEMS LIMITED, ARLE COURT, CHELTENHAM, GLOUCESTERSHIRE, A BRITISH CORP. reassignment DOWTY FUEL SYSTEMS LIMITED, ARLE COURT, CHELTENHAM, GLOUCESTERSHIRE, A BRITISH CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MASTERMAN, JOHN M.
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/48—Generators with two or more outputs

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electrical generators and, in particular single phase and multi-phase alternating-current electrical generators.
  • Known types of alternating-current electrical generator comprise a rotor, a toothed stator and at least two windings which are associated with teeth of the stator. Each of these windings are substantially similar to, but independent of one another so that in the event of failure of one of the windings the other windings will continue to function normally.
  • Iron losses are primarily caused by eddy currents which are generated in the stator. These eddy currents in turn, lead to over heating of the stator and a subsequent/resultant efficiency loss. Overheating also causes a shortening in the life of the windings, because of thermal degradation of the coil insulation.
  • the present invention is concerned with reducing the "Iron-losses" to a minimum, thereby eliminating the problem of excessive heating.
  • an alternating-current electrical generator comprises:
  • a rotor having a plurality of pole sections spaced around the circumference thereof at a constant pole section pitch
  • stator which has a number of teeth
  • each bridge member is positioned between adjacent windings.
  • each of the bridge members is supported by at least one unwound tooth carried by the stator.
  • the bridge member With the bridge member being supported between two unwound teeth the bridge member is, normally positioned so that it interconnects the two unwound teeth with the teeth being at opposite ends.
  • the stator is formed from a laminated structure.
  • the laminated structure may be made up from layers of any soft magnetic material such as silicon iron.
  • the stator maybe formed with an appropriate number of teeth having an appropriate number of bridge members which may be formed on the stator using any one of the known/conventional methods.
  • each bridge member and the unwound teeth are formed as an integral part of the stator. That is to say, the laminated plates of the stator are formed (shaped) so as to incorporate the teeth and the bridge members within the overall shape.
  • the teeth may be attached to the stator in a subsequent operation.
  • This method can lead to a stator having equally accurate spacing and bridge member length.
  • it will be more expensive to produce stators by this method than by the above preferred method.
  • pole sections are permanent magnets.
  • pole sections are substantially physically identical to one another i.e. of identical dimensions but opposing polarities for adjacent pole sections.
  • pole sections are locked together to form a layer which circumferentially surrounds a rotor core member to form a rotor.
  • the rotor in turn, circumferentially surrounded by the stator.
  • the pole sections being arranged so that adjacent pole sections are of opposite polarity
  • Each of the pole sections will be arcuate in form, and having pole section length that is substantially identical to the length of the other pole sections spaced about the circumference of the rotor, with the internal face facing the rotor core member and the external face facing the stator.
  • the external face will have a length which for the record is defined as the pole section length.
  • the invention also includes a method of reducing parasitic "Iron-losses" in an alternating current electrical generator as hereinbefore described, which method comprises providing the generator with a bridge member having a length equal to an even number of pole section lengths.
  • FIG. 1 is an end view of a first alternating-current electrical generator in accordance to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of a second alternating-current electrical generator in accordance to the invention
  • FIG. 3 is an end view showing a third type of alternating-current electrical generator in accordance to the invention.
  • a three phase alternating-current electrical generator comprises:
  • stator 23 circumferentially disposed around and spaced from the magnetic pole sections.
  • the stator 23 has a laminated structure of for example, silicon iron which has sixteen teeth 1 to 16 which extend radially inwardly from a collar means 26 of the stator 23.
  • the teeth are arranged in two blocks/groups of eight (1-7, 16 and 8-15).
  • Each of the blocks/groups are arranged and interrelated so as to carry one of the three phase windings 24, 25.
  • the windings are substantially identical with one another and are formed from six subsidiary windings 24a-f, 25a-f respectively.
  • the six subsidiary windings are then connected in series to form the respective independent windings 24, 25.
  • Each of the subsidiary windings is wound onto one of the teeth of the stator 23 leaving two teeth, one at each end, of each block/group without a winding wound thereon, i.e. teeth 7, 8, 15, and 16.
  • the adjacent end teeth of the respective stator 23 of the blocks/groups of teeth are separated from one another by a space 30a and 31a.
  • the space 30a, 31a is approximately equal to that of two normal teeth separations i.e. equal to the separation between teeth 1 and 3.
  • Each of the end teeth has a tip section 7a, 8a, 15a and 16a respectively which are extended so that adjacent end teeth i.e. 7 to 8 and 15 to 16 are inter linked.
  • This link is achieved by means of a bridge member 30, 31 which is supported by the respective unwound teeth and has an arcuate length equal to two pole section lengths.
  • the "Iron-losses”, such as eddy currents, which would normally occur in each of the teeth 7, 8, 15 and 16 the edge section/yoke 23a of the stator 23, are significantly reduced because a closed magnetic circuit is formed by the bridge-pieces 30, 31 i.e. the magnetic flux going into each of the bridge-pieces 30, 31 is substantially equal to the magnetic flux going out of each of the bridge-pieces 30, 31.
  • the residual magnetic flux that is transferred through the teeth 7, 8, 15 and 16 to the yoke 23a is small and insignificant and the heat problem in the stator 23 is thereby avoided.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second type of generator which in most aspects is identical to that shown in FIG. 1, with identical parts having the same reference numerals with 100 added.
  • each of the bridge members 130, 131 connects together and is supported by three unwound teeth.
  • the third unwound tooth 50, 51 being interposed centrally between teeth 107 and 108 and teeth 115 and 116 respectively so that the circumferential distance between the adjacent unwound teeth 107 and 50, 50 and 108, 115 and 51, 51 and 116 is the same as that between any one of the pairs of adjacent teeth associated with the windings 124 and 125.
  • each of the bridge-pieces 130, 131 is still equal to two pole section pitches.
  • FIG. 3 A third type of the generator is shown in FIG. 3 and in most respects is identical to that shown in FIG. 1, with identical parts to those described with respect to FIG. 1 having the same reference numerals with 200 added.
  • each of the bridge-pieces 230, 231 is supported by a centrally positioned unwound tooth 53, 54 only.
  • the arcuate length of each of the bridge members 230, 231 is still equal to two pole section pitches.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
US07/070,925 1985-01-17 1987-07-08 Alternating-current electrical generators Expired - Fee Related US4780634A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8501215 1985-01-17
GB858501215A GB8501215D0 (en) 1985-01-17 1985-01-17 Alternating-current electrical generator

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06812951 Continuation-In-Part 1985-12-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4780634A true US4780634A (en) 1988-10-25

Family

ID=10573007

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/070,925 Expired - Fee Related US4780634A (en) 1985-01-17 1987-07-08 Alternating-current electrical generators

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4780634A (ja)
JP (1) JPH078122B2 (ja)
DE (1) DE3600544A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2576162B1 (ja)
GB (2) GB8501215D0 (ja)
IT (1) IT1190169B (ja)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4918347A (en) * 1988-07-21 1990-04-17 Tamagawa Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Coil winding construction for an electric motor
US5608279A (en) * 1993-12-13 1997-03-04 Murray; David E. DC generator
US5642009A (en) * 1992-09-02 1997-06-24 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Quasi square-wave back-EMF permanent magnet AC machines with five or more phases
US6472790B2 (en) 2000-02-24 2002-10-29 Briggs & Stratton Corporation Stator for an electric motor/generator with a half-integer winding
US6590309B2 (en) * 1999-09-30 2003-07-08 Reliance Electric Technologies, Llc Stator assembly for an electromechanical machine
US6674207B2 (en) * 2000-07-26 2004-01-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electronically commutated machine, in particular motor
US20040227425A1 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-11-18 David Murray Permanent magnet electric generator
US20080067885A1 (en) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-20 Abb Research Ltd. Permanent magnet machine
US20110169366A1 (en) * 2010-03-15 2011-07-14 Motor Excellence Llc Transverse and/or commutated systems having phase offset
US20140292088A1 (en) * 2011-01-12 2014-10-02 Venpower Gmbh Arrangement for feeding electrical energy into an energy supply system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990002433A1 (en) * 1988-08-19 1990-03-08 Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoe Obiedinenie 'magneton' Multipole rotor of electric machine

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1401996A (en) * 1918-08-30 1922-01-03 Lundell Robert Dynamo-electric machine
US3207935A (en) * 1961-02-15 1965-09-21 Joseph G Mosovsky Electric motors
DE1942855A1 (de) * 1968-09-16 1970-03-26 Bendix Corp Laeufer einer elektrischen Maschine
US3858308A (en) * 1973-06-22 1975-01-07 Bendix Corp Process for making a rotor assembly
US4144470A (en) * 1976-07-01 1979-03-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pole changeable three phase winding
US4163915A (en) * 1976-07-26 1979-08-07 National Research Development Corporation Electric motors or generators
US4554491A (en) * 1984-08-10 1985-11-19 Msl Industries, Inc. Brushless DC motor having a laminated stator with a single stator winding
US4700098A (en) * 1984-12-28 1987-10-13 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. D.C. motors with unequal pole spacing

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1613671B2 (de) * 1966-06-07 1976-05-13 General Electric Co., New York, N.Y. (V.St.A.) Einphasen-asynchronmotor
DE1763506B2 (de) * 1968-06-14 1972-06-22 Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH, 6000 Frankfurt Kleiner elektromotor mit geschlossenen staendernuten
FR2548844A1 (fr) * 1983-07-07 1985-01-11 Labinal Perfectionnement aux generateurs autonomes a plusieurs sorties

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1401996A (en) * 1918-08-30 1922-01-03 Lundell Robert Dynamo-electric machine
US3207935A (en) * 1961-02-15 1965-09-21 Joseph G Mosovsky Electric motors
DE1942855A1 (de) * 1968-09-16 1970-03-26 Bendix Corp Laeufer einer elektrischen Maschine
US3858308A (en) * 1973-06-22 1975-01-07 Bendix Corp Process for making a rotor assembly
US4144470A (en) * 1976-07-01 1979-03-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pole changeable three phase winding
US4163915A (en) * 1976-07-26 1979-08-07 National Research Development Corporation Electric motors or generators
US4554491A (en) * 1984-08-10 1985-11-19 Msl Industries, Inc. Brushless DC motor having a laminated stator with a single stator winding
US4700098A (en) * 1984-12-28 1987-10-13 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. D.C. motors with unequal pole spacing

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4918347A (en) * 1988-07-21 1990-04-17 Tamagawa Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Coil winding construction for an electric motor
US5642009A (en) * 1992-09-02 1997-06-24 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Quasi square-wave back-EMF permanent magnet AC machines with five or more phases
US5608279A (en) * 1993-12-13 1997-03-04 Murray; David E. DC generator
US6590309B2 (en) * 1999-09-30 2003-07-08 Reliance Electric Technologies, Llc Stator assembly for an electromechanical machine
US6472790B2 (en) 2000-02-24 2002-10-29 Briggs & Stratton Corporation Stator for an electric motor/generator with a half-integer winding
US6674207B2 (en) * 2000-07-26 2004-01-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electronically commutated machine, in particular motor
US20040227425A1 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-11-18 David Murray Permanent magnet electric generator
US6864614B2 (en) 2003-05-16 2005-03-08 David Murray Permanent magnet electric generator
US20080067885A1 (en) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-20 Abb Research Ltd. Permanent magnet machine
US20110169366A1 (en) * 2010-03-15 2011-07-14 Motor Excellence Llc Transverse and/or commutated systems having phase offset
US8222786B2 (en) * 2010-03-15 2012-07-17 Motor Excellence Llc Transverse and/or commutated flux systems having phase offset
US8760023B2 (en) * 2010-03-15 2014-06-24 Electric Torque Machines, Inc. Transverse and/or commutated flux systems having phase offset
US20140292088A1 (en) * 2011-01-12 2014-10-02 Venpower Gmbh Arrangement for feeding electrical energy into an energy supply system
US10280899B2 (en) * 2011-01-12 2019-05-07 Venpower Gmbh Arrangement for feeding electrical energy into an energy supply system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3600544A1 (de) 1986-07-17
IT1190169B (it) 1988-02-16
GB8531342D0 (en) 1986-01-29
FR2576162B1 (fr) 1987-12-18
GB8501215D0 (en) 1985-02-20
FR2576162A1 (fr) 1986-07-18
GB2170057B (en) 1988-09-07
JPS61167359A (ja) 1986-07-29
JPH078122B2 (ja) 1995-01-30
IT8647532A0 (it) 1986-01-14
GB2170057A (en) 1986-07-23

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