US4643284A - Non-differential drive axle - Google Patents

Non-differential drive axle Download PDF

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Publication number
US4643284A
US4643284A US06/626,897 US62689784A US4643284A US 4643284 A US4643284 A US 4643284A US 62689784 A US62689784 A US 62689784A US 4643284 A US4643284 A US 4643284A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
housing
gear support
shaft
axle
circular surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US06/626,897
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John G. Hardt
Dennis W. Shea
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Torque Traction Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
Dana Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dana Inc filed Critical Dana Inc
Assigned to DANA CORPORATION reassignment DANA CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: HARDT, JOHN G., SHEA, DENNIS W.
Priority to US06/626,897 priority Critical patent/US4643284A/en
Priority to GB08515365A priority patent/GB2161124B/en
Priority to CA000485882A priority patent/CA1250763A/en
Priority to DE19853523291 priority patent/DE3523291A1/de
Priority to FR8510018A priority patent/FR2566710B1/fr
Priority to SE8503247A priority patent/SE457071B/sv
Priority to JP14409585A priority patent/JPS6127318A/ja
Priority to IT48308/85A priority patent/IT1181978B/it
Publication of US4643284A publication Critical patent/US4643284A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Assigned to SPICER TECHNOLOGY, INC. reassignment SPICER TECHNOLOGY, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DANA CORPORATION
Assigned to SPICER TECHNOLOGY, INC. reassignment SPICER TECHNOLOGY, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DANA CORPORATION
Assigned to TORQUE-TRACTION TECHNOLOGIES, INC. reassignment TORQUE-TRACTION TECHNOLOGIES, INC. MERGER /CHANGE OF NAME Assignors: SPICER DRIVESHAFT, INC., SPICER TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Assigned to TORQUE-TRACTION TECHNOLOGIES, INC. reassignment TORQUE-TRACTION TECHNOLOGIES, INC. MERGER AND CHANGE OF NAME Assignors: SPICER DRIVESHAFT, INC., SPICER TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/348—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed
    • B60K17/35—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed including arrangements for suppressing or influencing the power transfer, e.g. viscous clutches
    • B60K17/3505—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed including arrangements for suppressing or influencing the power transfer, e.g. viscous clutches with self-actuated means, e.g. by difference of speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/22—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/12—Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19005—Nonplanetary gearing differential type [e.g., gearless differentials]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19023—Plural power paths to and/or from gearing
    • Y10T74/19074—Single drive plural driven
    • Y10T74/19079—Parallel
    • Y10T74/19088—Bevel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to drive mechanisms, and more specifically to non-differential drive axles for four-wheel drive systems in automotive vehicles.
  • the drive axle includes an axle housing within which a gear support is rotatably journalled.
  • An intermediate shaft is connected to said gear support and rotatably journalled in said housing.
  • a first output shaft is rotatably journalled in said axle housing and said gear support.
  • a second output shaft is rotatably journalled in said axle housing and said intermediate shaft.
  • a first bi-directional overrunning clutch is provided for connecting said first output shaft and said gear support for conjoint rotation and a second bi-directional overrunning clutch is provided for connecting said second output shaft and said intermediate shaft for conjoint rotation.
  • the first clutch includes a polygonal surface integral with said gear support and the second clutch includes a polygonal surface integral with said intermediate shaft.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of our improved drive axle
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary longitudinal section of one overrunning clutch
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3--3 in FIG. 1, and
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4--4 in FIG. 1.
  • the reference numeral 10 denotes a non-differential drive axle which includes an axle housing 12.
  • Axle housing 12 has an enlarged portion 14, a ring 16 connected to the open end of enlarged portion 14 by plurality of machine screws (not shown), and a flange 20.
  • Gear support 22 Disposed in enlarged portion 14 is a gear support 22 which is rotatably journalled in axle housing 12 by a pair of tapered roller bearings 24 and 26.
  • Gear support 22 includes a flange 28 and a shaft portion 30.
  • a ring gear 32 is carried by gear support 22 and is connected to flange 28 by a plurality of machine screws 34. Ring gear 32 meshes with a pinion gear 36 which is integral with an input shaft 38 rotatably journalled in axle housing 12 by a pair of tapered roller bearings 40 and 42.
  • a torque tube 44 Fixed to axle housing 12 and extending outwardly therefrom is a torque tube 44 within which a shaft 46 is disposed.
  • Shaft 46 is rotatably journalled in torque tube 44 by a ball bearing 48 and is connected to shaft 38 by a slip joint 49.
  • a yoke portion 50 of a universal joint Integral with the outer end of shaft 46 is a yoke portion 50 of a universal joint through which drive axle 10 is connectable to a source of power.
  • Axle housing 12 also includes a sleeve 52 connected to the outer end of ring 16 by a plurality of machine screws 54 and a sleeve 56 connected to flange 20 by a plurality of machine screws 58.
  • splined connection 78 Connected to gear support 22 by a splined connection 78 is an intermediate shaft 72 which is rotatably journalled at the end opposite from splined connection 78 in flange 20 by a ball bearing 80.
  • Axle 10 also includes a pair of output shafts 60 and 62.
  • Shaft 60 has integral with it a yoke portion 64 of a universal joint and is rotatably journalled in sleeve 52 and one end of hollow shaft 30 by a ball bearing 66 and a needle bearing 68, respectively.
  • output shaft 62 has integral with it a yoke portion 70 of a universal joint and is rotatably journalled in sleeve 56 and one end of intermediate shaft 72 by a ball bearing 74 and a needle bearing 76, respectively.
  • Overrunning clutch 82 includes a non-circular surface 86 integral with one end of shaft portion 30 of gear support 22.
  • surface 86 has the shape of a regular polygon to provide a plurality of flats or sides 87, in this case 12 flats, although surfaces with other shapes could be used, for example, an undulating surface.
  • Overlying surface 86 is a drum 88 which is connected to output shaft 60 by a splined connection 90.
  • Drum 88 has a smooth circular inner surface 92. Disposed between surface 86 and surface 92 are twelve rollers 94. Separating each roller 94 is a retarding cage 96 which has a radially outwardly extending flange 98 partially disposed between two friction disks 100 which are biased into contact with flange 98 by a Belleville washer 101.
  • Overruning clutch 84 includes an inner non-circular surface 102 which is integral with intermediate shaft 72.
  • Surface 102 preferably is a regular polygon, although surfaces with other shapes could be used, for example, an undulating surface. In this case surface 102 has twelve flats or sides 103.
  • Overlying surface 102 is a drum 104 which is connected to output shaft 62 by a splined connection 106.
  • Drum 104 includes a smooth circular inner surface 108. Disposed between surfaces 102 and 108 are twelve rollers 110.
  • a retarding cage 112 Surrounding and separating rollers 110 is a retarding cage 112 which includes a radially outwardly extending flange 114 which is partially disposed between a pair of friction disks 116 which are biased into contact with flange 114 by a Belleville washer 117.
  • Axle 10 is intended for use in a four-wheel drive system as the rear axle and under normal road conditions does not function as a driving axle even when input shaft 38 is connected to a source of power.
  • the four wheel drive system is designed so that under normal operating conditions the speed of rotation of output shafts 60 and 62 is approximately three to six percent greater than the speed of rotation of gear support 22 and intermediate shaft 72, but it is possible to use a greater percentage of speed differential. Under these conditions of operation both clutches 82 and 84 are overrunning. That is, no power is being transmitted through axle 10 to output shafts 60 and 62.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
US06/626,897 1984-07-02 1984-07-02 Non-differential drive axle Expired - Lifetime US4643284A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/626,897 US4643284A (en) 1984-07-02 1984-07-02 Non-differential drive axle
GB08515365A GB2161124B (en) 1984-07-02 1985-06-18 Non differential drive axle with overunning clutches
CA000485882A CA1250763A (en) 1984-07-02 1985-06-28 Non-differential drive axle
DE19853523291 DE3523291A1 (de) 1984-07-02 1985-06-28 Antriebsachse fuer fahrzeuge
FR8510018A FR2566710B1 (fr) 1984-07-02 1985-07-01 Essieu moteur non differentiel
SE8503247A SE457071B (sv) 1984-07-02 1985-07-01 Drivaxel utan differential
JP14409585A JPS6127318A (ja) 1984-07-02 1985-07-02 非差動駆動車軸
IT48308/85A IT1181978B (it) 1984-07-02 1985-07-02 Assale di trasmissione non differenziale per autovetture

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/626,897 US4643284A (en) 1984-07-02 1984-07-02 Non-differential drive axle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4643284A true US4643284A (en) 1987-02-17

Family

ID=24512328

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/626,897 Expired - Lifetime US4643284A (en) 1984-07-02 1984-07-02 Non-differential drive axle

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4643284A (it)
JP (1) JPS6127318A (it)
CA (1) CA1250763A (it)
DE (1) DE3523291A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2566710B1 (it)
GB (1) GB2161124B (it)
IT (1) IT1181978B (it)
SE (1) SE457071B (it)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5036939A (en) * 1987-08-28 1991-08-06 Polaris Industries L.P. Multiple axle drive vehicle with overrunning roller clutch hubs
US5070745A (en) * 1990-12-24 1991-12-10 Lindsey Kelly D Asymmetrical differential drive
GB2261199A (en) * 1991-10-18 1993-05-12 Dana Corp Angled vehicle axle assembly.
US6269712B1 (en) * 2000-01-28 2001-08-07 John Zentmyer Automotive full locking differential
US6679348B2 (en) * 2001-02-01 2004-01-20 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicular two-wheel/four-wheel drive switching device
US20060032692A1 (en) * 2004-08-12 2006-02-16 Akihiro Ima Transaxle of multi-wheel drive vehicle
US20080058150A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 Dongwon Kim Differential pinion gear having interior circumference for preventing abrasion
US20080287244A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Liu Jen-Chih Simple structural speed differential mechanism
CN112196968A (zh) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-08 传孚科技（厦门）有限公司 一种用于车辆的差速系统

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5529158A (en) * 1993-06-10 1996-06-25 Ntn Corporation Hub clutch device
RU2276018C1 (ru) * 2004-09-28 2006-05-10 Республиканское унитарное предприятие "Минский тракторный завод" Передний ведущий мост малогабаритного трактора
NO348630B1 (en) * 2022-06-29 2025-04-14 Twin Kinetic Turbiner As A rotation machine

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1106605A (en) * 1912-08-26 1914-08-11 Frederick L Waterous Clutch mechanism.
US1155467A (en) * 1913-10-15 1915-10-05 Maurice E Blood Driving-gear.
US1164627A (en) * 1912-07-27 1915-12-21 Gearless Differential Co Releasing-clutch.
US1191699A (en) * 1915-08-11 1916-07-18 Henry S Hopper Vehicle drive-gear.
US1217918A (en) * 1913-03-14 1917-03-06 Harry W Connel Differential mechanism.
US2131015A (en) * 1932-02-06 1938-09-20 Bendix Aviat Corp Vehicle
US2191763A (en) * 1938-12-27 1940-02-27 Casse Hector J La Differential
US2241606A (en) * 1939-03-07 1941-05-13 Charles Reedy Two speed transmission for axles
US3700082A (en) * 1970-07-09 1972-10-24 Hy Torq Corp Differential drive mechanism
US4460183A (en) * 1983-07-15 1984-07-17 Rockwell International Corporation Resilient sealing member for slip-type drive shaft
US4466519A (en) * 1980-04-30 1984-08-21 International Harvester Co. Drive and brake system for motor vehicles with four-wheel drive

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3037728C2 (de) * 1980-10-06 1986-03-06 Harry A. Boulder Col. Petrak Drehmomentgesteuerte selbsttätige Kupplung

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1164627A (en) * 1912-07-27 1915-12-21 Gearless Differential Co Releasing-clutch.
US1106605A (en) * 1912-08-26 1914-08-11 Frederick L Waterous Clutch mechanism.
US1217918A (en) * 1913-03-14 1917-03-06 Harry W Connel Differential mechanism.
US1155467A (en) * 1913-10-15 1915-10-05 Maurice E Blood Driving-gear.
US1191699A (en) * 1915-08-11 1916-07-18 Henry S Hopper Vehicle drive-gear.
US2131015A (en) * 1932-02-06 1938-09-20 Bendix Aviat Corp Vehicle
US2191763A (en) * 1938-12-27 1940-02-27 Casse Hector J La Differential
US2241606A (en) * 1939-03-07 1941-05-13 Charles Reedy Two speed transmission for axles
US3700082A (en) * 1970-07-09 1972-10-24 Hy Torq Corp Differential drive mechanism
US4466519A (en) * 1980-04-30 1984-08-21 International Harvester Co. Drive and brake system for motor vehicles with four-wheel drive
US4460183A (en) * 1983-07-15 1984-07-17 Rockwell International Corporation Resilient sealing member for slip-type drive shaft

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Dennis W. Shea, SAE, 11/9/81. *

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5036939A (en) * 1987-08-28 1991-08-06 Polaris Industries L.P. Multiple axle drive vehicle with overrunning roller clutch hubs
US5070745A (en) * 1990-12-24 1991-12-10 Lindsey Kelly D Asymmetrical differential drive
GB2261199A (en) * 1991-10-18 1993-05-12 Dana Corp Angled vehicle axle assembly.
GB2261199B (en) * 1991-10-18 1995-03-22 Dana Corp Angled vehicle axle assembly
US6269712B1 (en) * 2000-01-28 2001-08-07 John Zentmyer Automotive full locking differential
US6679348B2 (en) * 2001-02-01 2004-01-20 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicular two-wheel/four-wheel drive switching device
US20060032692A1 (en) * 2004-08-12 2006-02-16 Akihiro Ima Transaxle of multi-wheel drive vehicle
EP1625965A3 (en) * 2004-08-12 2006-06-07 Kanzaki Kokyukoki Mfg. Co., Ltd. Transaxle of multi-wheel drive vehicle
US7562753B2 (en) 2004-08-12 2009-07-21 Kanzaki Kokyukoki Mfg. Co., Ltd. Transaxle of multi-wheel drive vehicle
US20080058150A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 Dongwon Kim Differential pinion gear having interior circumference for preventing abrasion
US7597642B2 (en) * 2006-08-31 2009-10-06 Hyundai Motor Company Differential pinion gear having interior circumference for preventing abrasion
US20080287244A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Liu Jen-Chih Simple structural speed differential mechanism
CN112196968A (zh) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-08 传孚科技（厦门）有限公司 一种用于车辆的差速系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1181978B (it) 1987-09-30
SE457071B (sv) 1988-11-28
GB8515365D0 (en) 1985-07-17
GB2161124A (en) 1986-01-08
GB2161124B (en) 1987-08-26
SE8503247D0 (sv) 1985-07-01
IT8548308A0 (it) 1985-07-02
SE8503247L (sv) 1986-01-03
DE3523291A1 (de) 1986-01-09
FR2566710B1 (fr) 1989-01-20
FR2566710A1 (fr) 1986-01-03
JPS6127318A (ja) 1986-02-06
CA1250763A (en) 1989-03-07

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