US4560338A - Apparatus for obtaining strips from a material, particularly from a latex coagulum - Google Patents

Apparatus for obtaining strips from a material, particularly from a latex coagulum Download PDF

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Publication number
US4560338A
US4560338A US06/555,699 US55569983A US4560338A US 4560338 A US4560338 A US 4560338A US 55569983 A US55569983 A US 55569983A US 4560338 A US4560338 A US 4560338A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
solid piece
bag
fact
tank
cutting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US06/555,699
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Mioche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
COMPAGINIE GENERALE des Ets MICHELIN CLERMOKNT FERRAND FRANCE A CORP
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA filed Critical Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Assigned to COMPAGINIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN CLERMOKNT FERRAND FRANCE A CORP reassignment COMPAGINIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN CLERMOKNT FERRAND FRANCE A CORP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MIOCHE, ROBERT
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4560338A publication Critical patent/US4560338A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/01—Means for holding or positioning work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
    • B29B15/02—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of crude rubber, gutta-percha, or similar substances
    • B29B15/04—Coagulating devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/02—Other than completely through work thickness
    • Y10T83/0267—Splitting
    • Y10T83/0274—By use of endless band or chain knife
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/04—Processes
    • Y10T83/0405—With preparatory or simultaneous ancillary treatment of work
    • Y10T83/0419—By distorting within elastic limit
    • Y10T83/0429—By compressing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/04—Processes
    • Y10T83/0405—With preparatory or simultaneous ancillary treatment of work
    • Y10T83/0443—By fluid application
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/263—With means to apply transient nonpropellant fluent material to tool or work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/343—With means to deform work temporarily

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for obtaining strips from a material, these strips being called "sheets" when they are of small thickness as compared with their other dimensions.
  • this material may be a rubber, in particular a rubber obtained by coagulation from a latex, the material being in this case commonly referred to as "coagulum.” It should be noted, however, that the invention can be applied to other materials, for instance, plastic materials, foodstuffs, wood, mineral materials and metals.
  • the known methods employed in natural rubber plantations consist in coagulating the latex in elongated tanks of slight depth. Strips of latex coagulum of a thickness of about 10 cm to 15 cm are thus obtained directly. These strips then undergo the known treatments, for instance, a crushing or a granulation followed by drying.
  • the surface/volume ratio of the coagulum is large so that the surface thereof in contact with the air is large, which results in very substantial superficial or surface oxidation of the coagulum and therefore in degradation of the material and a detrimental change in quality.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks.
  • the method of the invention for obtaining strips from a material is characterized by raising the material with a fluid via a solid piece arranged below and directly in contact with the material, and cutting the material into strips above the solid piece by the use of cutting means.
  • the invention also concerns an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention as well as the strips obtained by the method and with the apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in vertical section, an apparatus according to the invention, the plane of the section being taken along the line I--I in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 2 shows, in the top plan view, the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows, in vertical section, a part of another apparatus in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows, in vertical section, a part of yet another apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show an apparatus 1 in accordance with the invention.
  • This apparatus 1 comprises a tank 2 of elongated shape, arranged horizontally in the lengthwise direction.
  • a material 3 which is intended to be cut into strips.
  • this material 3 is a block of natural rubber originally obtained directly in the tank 2 by coagulation of a latex introduced into the tank 2.
  • the known means for obtaining this latex coagulum comprise, for instance, a conduit 4 for latex 5 which discharges into one end of the tank 2 and a conduit 6 for coagulating agent 7, said agent being in particular formic acid, acetic acid or a biological agent.
  • the conduit 6 for the coagulating agent discharges into the latex conduit 4 (FIG. 2). It goes without saying that other means are possible for the obtaining of the block 3 of coagulum.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises raising means 8 for raising the material 3.
  • the raising means 8 comprise an inflatable bag 9 arranged below the material 3 and a conduit 10 which makes it possible to introduce a fluid 11, for instance air, into the bag 9 by means of the valve 12 so as to raise the material 3 with the fluid 11 in the bag 9 which is directly in contact with the lower face 13 of the material 3.
  • the bag 9 forms an air chamber whose wall 90, formed, for instance, of vulcanized rubber, behaves as an intermediate solid elastic piece arranged between the air 11 and the material 3 and placed directly in contact with the material 3 (FIG. 1).
  • the apparatus 1 has cutting means 14 for cutting strips 15 from the material 3 located above the bag 9.
  • These cutting means 14 comprise a band saw 16 with a band 17 wound around two flywheels 18, 19, this band 17 having a cutting edge 170 which is preferably without teeth.
  • the flywheel 19 is driven by the motor 20.
  • the assembly consisting of the flywheels 18, 19 and the motor 20 is fastened on a chassis 21, in its turn mounted on four wheels 22 which travel on two horizontal rails 23 arranged along the upper part of the tank 2, on opposite sides of the tank 2.
  • the chassis 21 and the wheels 22 therefore constitute a carriage 24 which is movable horizontally over the tank 2 and along the entire length of the tank 2.
  • the equipment for displacing the carriage 24 along the material 3 on the rails 23 is not shown in the drawing for purposes of simplification, this equipment comprising, for instance, a winch.
  • the lower portion 17A of the band 17 has a horizontal orientation and the cutting edge 170 of this lower portion 17A makes it possible to cut the material 3 horizontally above the bag 9 so as to obtain a strip 15 upon the displacement of the carriage 24 in the direction indicated by the arrow F.
  • the strip 15 After the strip 15 has been cut, it is shifted laterally by known means, not shown in the drawing for purposes of simplification, such means being, for instance, a conveyor belt or a flotation tank.
  • a further amount of fluid 11 is then introduced into the bag 9 so as to raise the material 3 to the desired height in such a way, for instance, that the upper face 25 of the material 3 reaches the same level as it had before the preceding cut, and a new strip 15 is cut.
  • the thickness "e” of the strips 15 is determined by the amount of fluid 11 introduced into the bag 9.
  • the thickness "e” can also be adjusted by changing the height of the lower portion 17A of the band 17 by known means (not shown in the drawing), this adjustment of the height being obtained, for instance, by vertical displacement of the flywheels 18, 19.
  • the raising means 8 it is possible to develop the raising means 8 in such a manner that they make it possible to introduce a fluid 26 into the tank 2 through a conduit 27 and a valve 28 in such a manner that this fluid 26 is directly in contact with the material 3 above the bag 9, this fluid 26 being, for instance, a liquid, in particular water.
  • This fluid 26 being, for instance, a liquid, in particular water.
  • the weight borne by the bag 9 is thus decreased as a result of buoyancy, which facilitates the raising of the material 3.
  • the valve 28 makes it possible to vary the amount of fluid 26 in the tank 2 upon the cutting operations.
  • the distance between the opposite sidewalls 29 of the tank 2, which are arranged parallel to the rails 23, preferably increases in upward direction, forming an angle ⁇ so as to facilitate the upward movement of the block 3.
  • This angle ⁇ preferably has a value such that the sidewalls 29 retain their guide role during all the successive cuttings.
  • the angle ⁇ which these sidewalls 29 form with each other varies, for instance, from 2° to 10°, and preferably from 2° to 5°.
  • the distance between the sidewalls 29 and the material 3 has been exaggerated in FIG. 1 in order to make the drawing clearer.
  • the width of the tank is determined at the level of its median depth.
  • the known techniques for the direct obtaining of strips by coagulation give blocks of only about 1.5 tons.
  • the invention therefore, makes it possible to reduce the areas necessary for latex coagulation installations by a factor of about 10, which obviously results in considerably reduced investment and operating expenses.
  • the invention makes it possible to treat thick blocks, that is to say blocks of a small surface/volume ratio.
  • the superficial or surface oxidation of the coagulum by the air is thus considerably reduced.
  • the invention makes it easily possible to vary as desired the thickness "e” of the strips 15 and to do so within wide limits, the thickness "e” which is most commonly used varying, for instance, from 10 cm to 20 cm, and without there being any loss since the raising means in accordance with the invention make it possible to raise the material 3 uniformly over its entire length until the entire material is cut, and this even if the material 3 has heterogeneities over its length.
  • the depressing means are formed, at least in part, of a cylindrical roller which rests on the upper face 25 of the material 3, this roller being arranged above the cutting edge 170 of the lower portion 17A of the band 17 and being mounted on the carriage 24.
  • This roller rolls on the upper face 25, so that upon displacement of the carriage 24 the depressed portion moves along the material 3, the thickness "e" of the strip (sheet) obtained varying as a function of the difference in height between the level of the lower generatrix of the roller and the level of the cutting edge 170 of the lower portion 17A of the band 17.
  • the bag 9 preferably extends over practically the entire length of the tank 2 and is arranged at the bottom of the empty tank 2.
  • the latex intended for the coagulation is then introduced into the tank 2 on top of the deflated bag 9.
  • the bag 9 is thus, of course, located below the coagulated mass 3 which it can easily raise upon the introduction of the fluid 11.
  • FIG. 3 It may be advantageous to use, instead of a single bag, a plurality of superimposed bags as shown in cross-section in FIG. 3.
  • a part of an apparatus 30 comprising three bags, marked 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3, arranged below the material 3.
  • the bag 9.1 is directly in contact with the material 3
  • the bag 9.3 is the lowest
  • the bag 9.2 is the intermediate bag which is in contact with the bags 9.1 and 9.3.
  • Each of these bags has a conduit 10 and a valve 12 which are specific to it. It is thus possible to inflate these bags in succession during the cutting operation, commencing, for instance, by inflating the lowermost bag 9.3.
  • This technique may have the advantage of assuring a uniform raising of the material 3 even if the tank 2 is very long, each of these bags extending practically over the entire length of the tank 2. It goes without saying that these bags may form a single unit, in the form, for instance, of a single bag comprising several airtight internal partitions which form unit bags.
  • conduit 10 which feeds the lower bag 9.3, each bag being connected to the next higher bag by a calibrated valve, the calibration pressure increasing from one bag to the next higher bag.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in cross-section, a portion of an apparatus 40 according to the invention; this apparatus 40 has a lightweight mass 41, for instance, a slab of polyurethane or polystyrene foam, which floats in the liquid 26 while being applied against the lower face 13 of the material 3 as a result of buoyancy, the great floatability of this slab 41 causing the ascent of the material 3 after each cut.
  • a lightweight mass 41 for instance, a slab of polyurethane or polystyrene foam
  • This technique may have the advantage of simplicity, by selecting for the slab 41 a material whose density is far less than that of the liquid 26, and it is preferable that the material 3 have a density less than that of the liquid 26 so that it also floats in the liquid 26, which is true of coagulum which floats in water since the density of the coagulum varies practically from 0.6 to 0.9, the density of the material 3 being, however, greater than that of the slab 41.
  • the invention also covers the case in which equipment is used which makes it possible to displace the carriage in a direction other than along the length of the material 3, as described in, French patent application No. 82/10,283 (U.S. Pat. No. 4,513,648) mentioned above, this equipment comprising, for instance, a roller connected to one end of the carriage 24 and an apparatus which makes it possible to modify the height of this roller in such a way that it is applied against a rail perpendicular to the rails 23, which makes it possible to arrange the carriage 24 above another tank so as to effect another cutting of strips.
  • this equipment comprising, for instance, a roller connected to one end of the carriage 24 and an apparatus which makes it possible to modify the height of this roller in such a way that it is applied against a rail perpendicular to the rails 23, which makes it possible to arrange the carriage 24 above another tank so as to effect another cutting of strips.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
US06/555,699 1982-11-29 1983-11-28 Apparatus for obtaining strips from a material, particularly from a latex coagulum Expired - Fee Related US4560338A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8220112A FR2536698A1 (fr) 1982-11-29 1982-11-29 Procede et dispositif permettant d'obtenir des bandes a partir d'un materiau, notamment d'un coagulum de latex; bandes ainsi obtenues
FR8220112 1982-11-29

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/799,132 Division US4663100A (en) 1982-11-29 1985-11-18 Method for obtaining strips from a material, particularly from a latex coaglum

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4560338A true US4560338A (en) 1985-12-24

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ID=9279676

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US06/555,699 Expired - Fee Related US4560338A (en) 1982-11-29 1983-11-28 Apparatus for obtaining strips from a material, particularly from a latex coagulum
US06/799,132 Expired - Fee Related US4663100A (en) 1982-11-29 1985-11-18 Method for obtaining strips from a material, particularly from a latex coaglum

Family Applications After (1)

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US06/799,132 Expired - Fee Related US4663100A (en) 1982-11-29 1985-11-18 Method for obtaining strips from a material, particularly from a latex coaglum

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US (2) US4560338A (pt)
BR (1) BR8306538A (pt)
FR (1) FR2536698A1 (pt)
GB (1) GB2130956B (pt)
MY (1) MY8700111A (pt)
OA (1) OA07597A (pt)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4663100A (en) * 1982-11-29 1987-05-05 Compagni Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Method for obtaining strips from a material, particularly from a latex coaglum
AU720717B2 (en) * 1998-04-23 2000-06-08 Premark Rwp Holdings, Inc. Apparatus for producing sheets of solid surfacing
WO2000050205A1 (en) * 1999-02-22 2000-08-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and apparatus for producing a continuous web from a block of material

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5988030A (en) 1997-09-19 1999-11-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatus for penetrating a sheet material web carried on a fabric
US6540456B2 (en) 1999-12-02 2003-04-01 James A. Conley Method and apparatus for cutting low density flexible material using a rotary cutting tool

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2340243A (en) * 1941-05-02 1944-01-25 American Anode Inc Method of making rubber articles
GB894491A (en) * 1960-02-10 1962-04-26 Fortuna Werke Spezialmaschinen Band-knife splitting machines
US3060501A (en) * 1960-05-27 1962-10-30 Crawford & Russell Inc Method and apparatus for treatment of polymers
GB1168367A (en) * 1967-10-02 1969-10-22 Promoci Apparatus for Cutting Sheet from a Cylindrical Coagulum of Natural Rubber
US3688500A (en) * 1969-09-17 1972-09-05 Marcel Georges Chancel Fluid pressure system for obtaining, controlling or correcting micrometric displacements in machine-tools and other apparatus
US3733153A (en) * 1971-05-14 1973-05-15 Monsanto Co Apparatus for minimizing strand drop-off
GB1398424A (en) * 1972-08-01 1975-06-18 Intermenua Pty Ltd Shearing machines
FR2414021A1 (fr) * 1978-01-05 1979-08-03 Modern Precision Eng & Ass Dispositif de levage a coussin d'air
EP0028278A1 (en) * 1979-11-05 1981-05-13 Codat Management Limited Cutting apparatus
GB2074076A (en) * 1980-04-22 1981-10-28 Sps Sales Ltd Power operated guillotine

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2528353B1 (fr) * 1982-06-10 1985-06-21 Michelin & Cie Procede et dispositif permettant d'obtenir des feuilles a partir d'un materiau souple, notamment d'un coagulum de latex; feuilles ainsi obtenues
FR2536698A1 (fr) * 1982-11-29 1984-06-01 Michelin & Cie Procede et dispositif permettant d'obtenir des bandes a partir d'un materiau, notamment d'un coagulum de latex; bandes ainsi obtenues

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2340243A (en) * 1941-05-02 1944-01-25 American Anode Inc Method of making rubber articles
GB894491A (en) * 1960-02-10 1962-04-26 Fortuna Werke Spezialmaschinen Band-knife splitting machines
US3060501A (en) * 1960-05-27 1962-10-30 Crawford & Russell Inc Method and apparatus for treatment of polymers
GB1168367A (en) * 1967-10-02 1969-10-22 Promoci Apparatus for Cutting Sheet from a Cylindrical Coagulum of Natural Rubber
US3688500A (en) * 1969-09-17 1972-09-05 Marcel Georges Chancel Fluid pressure system for obtaining, controlling or correcting micrometric displacements in machine-tools and other apparatus
US3733153A (en) * 1971-05-14 1973-05-15 Monsanto Co Apparatus for minimizing strand drop-off
GB1398424A (en) * 1972-08-01 1975-06-18 Intermenua Pty Ltd Shearing machines
FR2414021A1 (fr) * 1978-01-05 1979-08-03 Modern Precision Eng & Ass Dispositif de levage a coussin d'air
EP0028278A1 (en) * 1979-11-05 1981-05-13 Codat Management Limited Cutting apparatus
GB2074076A (en) * 1980-04-22 1981-10-28 Sps Sales Ltd Power operated guillotine

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4663100A (en) * 1982-11-29 1987-05-05 Compagni Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Method for obtaining strips from a material, particularly from a latex coaglum
US6209430B1 (en) 1997-09-29 2001-04-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and apparatus for producing a continuous web from a block of material
AU720717B2 (en) * 1998-04-23 2000-06-08 Premark Rwp Holdings, Inc. Apparatus for producing sheets of solid surfacing
US6196104B1 (en) 1998-04-23 2001-03-06 Premark Rwp Holdings, Inc. Apparatus for producing sheets of solid surfacing
WO2000050205A1 (en) * 1999-02-22 2000-08-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and apparatus for producing a continuous web from a block of material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MY8700111A (en) 1987-12-31
GB8331677D0 (en) 1984-01-04
OA07597A (fr) 1985-03-31
GB2130956B (en) 1986-05-14
FR2536698A1 (fr) 1984-06-01
BR8306538A (pt) 1984-07-03
GB2130956A (en) 1984-06-13
US4663100A (en) 1987-05-05
FR2536698B1 (pt) 1985-02-15

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