US4497011A - Switching apparatus for changing the absolute value and the permanent magnetization direction of ferromagnetic bodies, e.g. of permanent magnets - Google Patents

Switching apparatus for changing the absolute value and the permanent magnetization direction of ferromagnetic bodies, e.g. of permanent magnets Download PDF

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Publication number
US4497011A
US4497011A US06/459,601 US45960183A US4497011A US 4497011 A US4497011 A US 4497011A US 45960183 A US45960183 A US 45960183A US 4497011 A US4497011 A US 4497011A
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United States
Prior art keywords
switching unit
flashlamp
circuit
unit according
magnitude
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Expired - Fee Related
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US06/459,601
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English (en)
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Karl Hurtig
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/15—Devices for holding work using magnetic or electric force acting directly on the work
    • B23Q3/154—Stationary devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F13/00—Apparatus or processes for magnetising or demagnetising

Definitions

  • a switching unit of this type the electronic switch of which is formed by the flashlamp, is hence suitable, to a special degree, for permanent-magnet clamping devices for clamping workpieces which can be attracted magnetically, of the type which has likewise been described in the introduction, since a large number of switching operations must be guaranteed in the case of clamping devices of this type.
  • the essential components of the switching unit are defined only by the number of energy-storage devices which must be provided for the switching power, and by the flashlamp, the latter being of simple construction. For example, in the case of a charging voltage of 600 V, eight capacitors each of 1,000 ⁇ F, form an energy-storage device which is adequate for generating the switching power for a magnetic clamping plate having an overall size of approximately 20 ⁇ 45 cm.
  • a particularly pressure-resistant material such as, for example, quartz glass
  • another expedient embodiment of the invention takes the form of a configuration wherein the switching unit possesses a circuit for reversing the polarity of the coil connections, with an additional circuit for generating current-pulses, which comprises a second electronic switch, this electronic switch being designed in the form of a flashlamp, the mutually corresponding pairs of output terminals of the two circuits for generating current-pulses being connected to the coil connections in a manner whereby the output terminals of a given pair are connected to opposite coil connections.
  • Known permanent magnet-clamping devices of this type conventionally comprise a plurality of permanent magnets which are, with respect to their poles, arranged side-by-side and separated by walls, of which every second magnet is surrounded by an air-core coil and is capable of undergoing pole-reversal as a result of the application of a pulse-current to the coil, a circuit for reversing the polarity of the coil connections being provided for the purpose of repeated pole-reversal, while the permanent magnets which are located between each successive pair of pole-reversible magnets are unalterable with respect to their polarity, while these clamping devices possess, in addition, the switching unit for generating and switching the pulse-current, this unit comprising the energy-storage system and the controllable electronic switch.
  • a clamping device of this type can be designed within particularly small dimensions, while it incorporates, for its switching operation, an electrical circuit which is exceptionally simple.
  • FIG. 1 shows, by reference to a circuit, one construction of a switching unit employing a flashlamp
  • FIG. 2 shows a modified portion of the unit shown in FIG. 1, for the purpose of forming a magnetic clamping plate
  • FIG. 4 shows a simplified representation of a flashlamp
  • FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of a flashlamp 2 in a switching unit 1, this flashlamp being of a short type which is designed for high gas pressures.
  • Electrolytic capacitors C are used as the energy-storage system 10, these capacitors being charged to their charging voltage, appropriate to the case in question, which can lie, for example, in the range from approximately 150-600 V, by means of charging diodes D which are connected to a source of alternating voltage (e.g. 220 V).
  • the series-connected circuit assembly comprising the flashlamp 2 and an aircore coil 3, is connected to the output terminals K1 and K2 of the energy-storage system 10.
  • the voltage pulse, occurring as this capacitor is discharged, is transformed by means of the transformer T, into a high-voltage pulse, on the secondary side, this pulse being applied to the electrically conducting coating applied to the flashlamp, so that the gas in the lamp 2 is ionized, or fired.
  • the firing voltage amounts, for example, to approximately 2 kV.
  • the internal resistance of the flashlamp 2 changes abruptly, from infinity to a very low value (e.g. a few milliohms), this value being determined by the characteristics of the flashlamp 2.
  • the switching unit 1 can also comprise an arrangement for setting the magnitude of the energy to be stored, this arrangement being omitted from FIG. 1.
  • Appropriate control-circuits are known and are not a subject of the invention. It is essential, however, that the flashlamp according to the invention be capable of being switched to the conducting condition in a voltage range which is suitable for regulating and/or setting the pulse-current which is to be switched. It is thus possible, in a deliberate manner, to set and carry out a weak change, or a pronounced change (pole-reversal) in the magnetization of the ferromagnetic body, as well as even to demagnetize it.
  • quartz glass for the flashlamp enables the formation of hair-cracks to be prevented, in an effective manner, and enables the service life of the lamp to be increased by a considerable amount.
  • the lamp 2 can be surrounded by a non-reflecting, opaque light-mask 21 (see FIG. 1).
  • This light-mask 21 screens off the light-emission which occurs during the process of flashing, that is to say during the process of completing the circuit, thus preventing the flash-light from being perceived in a disturbing manner.
  • a casing of the switching unit 1 as a light-mask, either additionally or on its own, this casing being closed in an appropriately lightproof manner.
  • the magnets 61, 62 and 63 which are positioned in the air-core coils 31, 32 and 33 are, in each case, capable of undergoing polarity-reversal, since the series-connection of the air-core coils lies, via the terminals K3 and K4, in series with the flashlamp 2 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the reversing switch 50 is switched over, by operating the press button 52 so that a strong, short-lived magnetic field is generated in each of the air-core coils, 31, 32 and 33, in each case counter to the polarity, existing at that moment, of the permanent magnets 61, 62 and 63.
  • circuits 10, 4 and 10', 4' can also be particularly expedient to design portions of the circuits 10, 4 and 10', 4', for the circuits 11 and 11' in a common manner.
  • circuits 11 and 11' can also be connected to different sources of alternating voltage, and/or to comprise a common system, or correspondingly assigned, different systems, for setting the magnitude of the energy to be stored.
  • An energy-storage system for the switching unit can likewise comprise energy-storage devices in the form of inductances instead of capacitors, or can be constructed with other suitable, known means for storing electrical energy.
  • the firing device can be designed in any manner which is suitable for generating a high-voltage firing pulse.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
  • Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
US06/459,601 1981-05-14 1982-05-05 Switching apparatus for changing the absolute value and the permanent magnetization direction of ferromagnetic bodies, e.g. of permanent magnets Expired - Fee Related US4497011A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3119435A DE3119435C2 (de) 1981-05-14 1981-05-14 Schaltgerät zur Änderung von Betrag und Richtung der permanenten Magnetisierung von ferromagnetischen Körpern, z.B. von Permanentmagneten, und Verwendung des Schaltgeräts
DE3119435 1981-05-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4497011A true US4497011A (en) 1985-01-29

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US06/459,601 Expired - Fee Related US4497011A (en) 1981-05-14 1982-05-05 Switching apparatus for changing the absolute value and the permanent magnetization direction of ferromagnetic bodies, e.g. of permanent magnets

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US4497011A (nl)
EP (1) EP0078823A1 (nl)
DE (1) DE3119435C2 (nl)
GB (1) GB2112232B (nl)
IT (1) IT1147892B (nl)
NL (1) NL8220163A (nl)
WO (1) WO1982004160A1 (nl)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3602799A1 (de) * 1985-01-30 1986-08-28 Viš chimico-technologičeski institut, Sofia/Sofija Verfahren zur magnetischen stabilisierung fluidisierter schichten
US5852393A (en) * 1997-06-02 1998-12-22 Eastman Kodak Company Apparatus for polarizing rare-earth permanent magnets
US5870270A (en) * 1997-10-13 1999-02-09 Bachmann Industries, Inc. Non-burnout controller for a switching coil
US6023951A (en) * 1996-02-22 2000-02-15 Albert Maurer Method of securing against theft of goods and device for carrying out said method
WO2002026468A2 (en) * 2000-09-26 2002-04-04 Gas Research Institute Process and apparatus for magnetizing plastic pipe
US6542348B1 (en) * 1998-02-03 2003-04-01 Joseph J. Stupak, Jr. Method and system for driving a magnetizing fixture
US6937125B1 (en) 1999-10-18 2005-08-30 William W. French Self rotating display spherical device
US20070159281A1 (en) * 2006-01-10 2007-07-12 Liang Li System and method for assembly of an electromagnetic machine
CN104538148A (zh) * 2014-12-02 2015-04-22 黄元雄 一种微型电子对撞系统及用其进行电磁产品磁化的方法
CN105470592A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2016-04-06 黄元雄 一种微型电子对撞系统及用其进行改良电子设备的方法
US10712405B2 (en) 2015-06-30 2020-07-14 A. Todd McMullen External air core flux measurement system for a production magnetizing system

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60171517A (ja) * 1984-02-16 1985-09-05 Hayashibara Takeshi 単一コイルによるνｓ磁束パルス発生装置
DE3609530C2 (de) * 1986-03-21 1995-08-31 Erich Dr Ing Steingroever Verfahren zum automatischen Einstellen des Arbeitspunktes von Dauermagneten

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB485926A (en) * 1935-11-25 1938-05-23 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to high-speed electric circuit-closing mechanism
US2247745A (en) * 1940-01-05 1941-07-01 Western Electric Co Magnetizer
US2287543A (en) * 1940-12-18 1942-06-23 Clayton Mark & Company Welding method and apparatus
US2786970A (en) * 1953-07-09 1957-03-26 Continental Machines Magnetizing and demagnetizing apparatus
FR1253726A (fr) * 1960-04-08 1961-02-10 Philips Nv Dispositif d'aimantation des aimants permanents
US3959688A (en) * 1975-01-03 1976-05-25 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Control circuit for xenon flash tubes
US4354218A (en) * 1979-03-01 1982-10-12 Steingroever Erich A Process and apparatus for multi-polar magnetization of annular permanent magnets
US4399482A (en) * 1979-02-08 1983-08-16 Inoue-Japax Research Incorporated Magnetic holder

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1054581B (de) * 1956-09-22 1959-04-09 Licentia Gmbh Einrichtung zur Magnetisierung von Magnetwerkstoffen mittels einer Kondensatorentladung, die durch eine Entladungsroehre mit Zuendelektrode bewirkt wird
DE2059290C3 (de) * 1970-12-02 1974-04-11 Klauschenz & Perrot Ohg Industrieelektronik, 6231 Schwalbach Einrichtung zum Spannen, Lösen und Entmagnetisieren von auf einer elektromagnetischen Haltevorrichtung aufzuspannenden Werkstücken

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB485926A (en) * 1935-11-25 1938-05-23 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to high-speed electric circuit-closing mechanism
US2247745A (en) * 1940-01-05 1941-07-01 Western Electric Co Magnetizer
US2287543A (en) * 1940-12-18 1942-06-23 Clayton Mark & Company Welding method and apparatus
US2786970A (en) * 1953-07-09 1957-03-26 Continental Machines Magnetizing and demagnetizing apparatus
FR1253726A (fr) * 1960-04-08 1961-02-10 Philips Nv Dispositif d'aimantation des aimants permanents
US3959688A (en) * 1975-01-03 1976-05-25 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Control circuit for xenon flash tubes
US4399482A (en) * 1979-02-08 1983-08-16 Inoue-Japax Research Incorporated Magnetic holder
US4354218A (en) * 1979-03-01 1982-10-12 Steingroever Erich A Process and apparatus for multi-polar magnetization of annular permanent magnets

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3602799A1 (de) * 1985-01-30 1986-08-28 Viš chimico-technologičeski institut, Sofia/Sofija Verfahren zur magnetischen stabilisierung fluidisierter schichten
US6023951A (en) * 1996-02-22 2000-02-15 Albert Maurer Method of securing against theft of goods and device for carrying out said method
US5852393A (en) * 1997-06-02 1998-12-22 Eastman Kodak Company Apparatus for polarizing rare-earth permanent magnets
US5870270A (en) * 1997-10-13 1999-02-09 Bachmann Industries, Inc. Non-burnout controller for a switching coil
US6542348B1 (en) * 1998-02-03 2003-04-01 Joseph J. Stupak, Jr. Method and system for driving a magnetizing fixture
US6937125B1 (en) 1999-10-18 2005-08-30 William W. French Self rotating display spherical device
WO2002026468A3 (en) * 2000-09-26 2002-06-13 Gas Res Inst Process and apparatus for magnetizing plastic pipe
WO2002026468A2 (en) * 2000-09-26 2002-04-04 Gas Research Institute Process and apparatus for magnetizing plastic pipe
US20070159281A1 (en) * 2006-01-10 2007-07-12 Liang Li System and method for assembly of an electromagnetic machine
CN104538148A (zh) * 2014-12-02 2015-04-22 黄元雄 一种微型电子对撞系统及用其进行电磁产品磁化的方法
CN104538148B (zh) * 2014-12-02 2017-02-22 黄元雄 一种微型电子对撞系统及用其进行电磁产品磁化的方法
US10712405B2 (en) 2015-06-30 2020-07-14 A. Todd McMullen External air core flux measurement system for a production magnetizing system
CN105470592A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2016-04-06 黄元雄 一种微型电子对撞系统及用其进行改良电子设备的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8300279D0 (en) 1983-02-09
GB2112232A (en) 1983-07-13
EP0078823A1 (de) 1983-05-18
DE3119435C2 (de) 1983-04-07
NL8220163A (nl) 1983-04-05
DE3119435A1 (de) 1982-12-16
IT1147892B (it) 1986-11-26
GB2112232B (en) 1985-05-01
WO1982004160A1 (en) 1982-11-25
IT8248410A0 (it) 1982-05-13

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REMI Maintenance fee reminder mailed
LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362

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Effective date: 19890129