US44207A - Improvement in locks - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICEC WALTER K. MARVIN ,0F N EW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN L ocKs.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER K. MARVIN, of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Permutation-Locks, Applicable asBank, Safe, Drawer, and Door Locks; and I do hereby declare that the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description of the'same.

This invention relates to that class of vpermutation-locks in which revolving tumblers, set according to various combinations of letters or numbers on the face of a dial, are used as a means of security; and my invention has for its object the construction of permutationlocks combining, with as few parts as possible, simplicity and economy of construction and efficiency of operation, so that while possessing the advantages and peculiar features of excellence of the most approved locks they are composed of less parts, may be made at lesscost, may be operated with greater ease and rapidity, and are less liable to get out of order than any other permutation-lock I know of 5 and my invention consists, rst, in the method of adjusting the central disk of revolving tumblers ot' permutation-locks in relation to the outer wheel or surrounding flange thereof, by means of a stop actuated by a spring-lever or otherwise on the flange part, in combination with a series of holes on the periphery of the central disk, arranged for operation as described, so as to allow of the adjustment being effected by a locking device acting from without on the circumference toward the center of the wheel, substantially els-hereinafter set forth; second, in combining with a central disk a double-anged rim, to securely and permanently hold and conne the edge of the disk, substantially as hereinafter set forth; third, in combining with a central disk, double-anged rim, and lockingpin, under the arrangement described, orifices through the iianges of the tumblers, so that by the insertion of a wedge-pin through said orifices the locking-pin will be raised out of the hole in the central disk, thus disengaging the disk from its iianged outer wheel and allow it to freely revolve within it, substantially as hereinafter set farth; fourth, in providing the dial of permutation-locks with adjustable indicators sensitive to the touch, so

that, the letters or numbers of the key being marked on the dial the lock may be opened without seeing it, substantially as hereinaft( r set forth; fifth, in the combination, with the horizontally-sliding bolt or bolt-plate and dog plate, of inclined slots in the one and studs in the other, under such an arrangement that by sliding the bolt in the horizontal direction the dog shall be moved at right angles to the bolt, substantially as hereinafter set forth; sixth, in the combination, with a revolving tumbler fast on the spindle and provided with false notches, as described, of a dog enlarged at the part corresponding to thesaid tumbler, so that the dial shall be locked as soon as the bolt is attempted to be withdrawn.

'lo enable others to make and use my invention,'I shall now proceed to describe its construction and operation, referring to the accompanying'drawings, in Which- Figurel is an elevation of a lock constructed in accordance with my invention 5 Fig.2, a vertical section of the same on line x y in Fig-1, Fig. 3, a vertical section on line y z in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 a rear view of the dial.

In the said drawings, A is the lock case or frame, which is here shown to be of a quadrangular form, but which may be of any other suitable or convenient shape. This frame and lock is closed in the rear by means ot' a backplate, B, and the whole lock is applied to the door of a safe or drawer with the open side against the back of the door or facing the recess provided for the purpose of inclosing the lock. Within this frame is secured, by means of countersunk screws c, a transverse brace, C, provided with a hole, through which passes the spindle D which supports the revolving.

tumblers E. The spindle is made oftwo parts, which are united by means of a dowel or pin, b, on the one .fitting the socket on the (ther, the latter being fastened in the back plate of the lock. The forward end of the spindle carries the dial F, the knob G, and one of the tumblers, all of which are rigidly secured to the spindle, so that the movement of the latter is necessarily transmitted to the dial and the tumbler referred to. The other tumblers are hung in such manner that they shall freely revolve on the spindle, yet have sutlicient friction in a vertical sense to remain stationary when set. Lateral friction between the tumblers is prevented by means of washers interthe center, so that on maintaining the revolution ot' the tumblers the studs will come successively in contact with each other and cause the tumblers to partake of the general revo-- lution. In this and other particulars the lock is or may be like other permutation locks.

The tumblers individually are composed of three main parts, to wit: First, a central disk, H, provided with a series of holes arranged radially upon the periphery thereof; second, an outer wheel, I, consisting of a ring exten nally fitting the central disk, and provided with an upper and lower tlange; third, an annular disk, J, corresponding to the anges of the outer wheel, and which, being secured to the said outer wheel by means of rivets or otherwise, holds and incluses the central disk and constitutes a second Harige thereof. To the flan ge of the outer wheel is attached a lever or spring, K, terminating into a pin, which passes through an orifice, L, in the ring, and enters one ot' the holes in the periphery of the central disk, if properly adjusted in relation to the outer wheel. In the flange there is a hole, M, through which a wedge-pin `may be inserted for the purpose of raising the lever out of the orice in the central disk, and thus to disengage the central disk from the wheel. This mode of scouring the inner lto the outer wheel is very important, since it allows of the adjustment of these two parts by a device having positive action, and without necessitating the dismemberment of the lock. It will be understood that by inserting a wedge-pin from the rear through the holes in the ilangts the locking-pins will be raised, whereby the central disks are made free to revolve and capable of adjustment within the outer wheels. The double flange on the revolving tumblers imparts to the tumblers additional strength, which renders the destruction ot' the lock by ordinary power, or power that can be applied within the limits of resistance of the lever that moves the bolt, an impossibility. The dial is recessed in the rear, having within the recessed portion hands N, mounted upon the spindle. I use as many hands as there are tumbler's, and I provide their outer ends with pins O, which are allowed to project through apertures in the dial corresponding to each letter or figure thereof. The hands are elastic, so that they may readily yield to outside pressureon the pins, or to enable them to be withdrawn fA om their orifices in the rear for the-purpose of setting them onto-other oriiices. The object of this device is to allow of the opening of the lock in the dark.

,The letters constituting the key are previously marked by allowing the pins to protrude through the corresponding holes. With the aid of the fixed or stationary indicator or pointer P the relative position of the letters on the dial can be readily ascertained by the touch, and the dial may be turned by means of the knob until the several letters constituting the key are brought in their proper order opposite the pointer. Instead of the pins any other device of a similar character may be used, each of the pins bearing a distinctive mark producing a different sensation, so that the particular letter thereby indicated can be readily detected withoutseeing it. The let# ters on the dial may, however, be in relief, so that even blind persons may use a combination or permutation lock. The bolt in this case is shown to move simultaneously with the dog, which locks and unlocks the tumblers by the following very simplel device: The bolt Q isattached to a bolt-plate R', which is made to slide on guides or blocks by means of an independent lever, S, located within orwithout the lock-case. From this bolt-plate proslots W on the dog-plate V. This dog-plate is confined to move atl right angles to the bolt by means of a stationary guideblock, W, fast in the back plate of the lock case. It will be seen that on moving the bolt back or forth the studs traveling within the slot in aline parallel with the motion of the bolt will necessarily raise the dog-plate, and, consequently, the dog X, into the notches of the tumblers if they be placed in position to receive them. The d`og responding to the false notches ot' the last wheel, which I prefer to fasten to the spindle,

last tumbler, and thus lock the dial and prevent experimenting or feeling for the position ofthe tumblers, if that be possible.

Having thus described my invention and the manner in which the same is or may-be carried into effect, I claiml. The method of adjusting the central'diskV` of revolving tumblers ot' permutation-locks -in relation to the outer Wheel or surrounding flange thereof by means of a stop actuated by a spring-lever or otherwise on the ilangepart,

eration as described, so as to allow of the ady herein set forth.

2. In combination with a central disk, a doubleflanged rim to securely and perma-y nently hold and confine the edge ot' the disk, substantially as set forth.

3. 1n combination with acentral disk, doublethe locking-pin will be raised out lof thehole in the central disk, thus disengage the'diskv ject two studs, T, which pass through inclined proper is somewhat enlarged at the part corso that if it be attempted to move the'bolttheH dog will immediately rise into a notch on the in combination with a series ot' holes on thel periphery of the central disk, arranged for `opl justinent being effected by a locking deviceacting from without on the circumference ftoward the center of the wheel, substantial-Iyar:v

flanged rim, aid locking-pin under the-an" rangement described, oriicesv through the" anges of the tumblers, so that by the/inlr sertion of a wedge-pin through said orifices notches7 as described, a dog enlarged at the part corresponding to the said tumbler, so that the dial shall be locked as soon as the bolt is attempted to be Withdrawn.

In testimony WhereofI have signed my name to this specication before two subscribing witnesses.

WALTER K. MARVIN. Witnesses A. PoLLoK,

J oI-IN S. HoLLlNGsHEAD.

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