US4382243A - Electromagnetic positioning device with piezo-electric control - Google Patents

Electromagnetic positioning device with piezo-electric control Download PDF

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Publication number
US4382243A
US4382243A US06/274,526 US27452681A US4382243A US 4382243 A US4382243 A US 4382243A US 27452681 A US27452681 A US 27452681A US 4382243 A US4382243 A US 4382243A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
armature
movement
piezo
electrical energy
column
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US06/274,526
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English (en)
Inventor
Rudolf Babitzka
Walter Beck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Assigned to ROBERT BOSCH GMBH reassignment ROBERT BOSCH GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BABITZKA, RUDOLF, BECK, WALTER
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4382243A publication Critical patent/US4382243A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electromagnetic positioning devices and, more particularly, to devices wherein the movement of an armature is controlled in opposition to the force of a retaining spring.
  • the force of a spring is applied to the armature of an electromagnet.
  • the latter has an iron core with an exciter winding positioned relative to the armature so that the magnetic force of the electromagnet opposes the force of the spring.
  • the time (positioning time) required for the armature to travel from the initial to the final position is in the order of milliseconds.
  • the switching times required for known piezo-electric positioning devices is in the range of 10 to 100 microseconds, but the length of path which can be reliably controlled is only in the order of a small fraction of millimeters.
  • a piezo-electric device is utilized to restrain the movement of the armature until a predetermined charge of electrical energy applied to the armature has taken place. Specifically, the device is timed so that the exciter current through the winding of the electromagnet has reached its maximum value before the armature is released for movement. Thus the maximum pull is immediately applied to the armature, thereby by decreasing the positioning time.
  • the piezo-electric device includes a plurality of piezo-electric discs arranged in a column and connected in series to each other.
  • One end of the column carries a locking member.
  • the locking device When electrical energy is applied to the column, it expands in the axial direction causing the locking device to engage a member projecting from the armature, thereby preventing movement of the latter.
  • two columns each having a locking member may be positioned on either side of a stop member projecting from the armature.
  • the stop member is a metal strip whose main faces face the respective stop members. When the two columns expand, the metal strip is caught between the two stop members, thereby preventing movement of the armature.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially sectional view of a positioning device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a detail of the piezo-electric control of an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • a typical electromagnet with a pot shaped iron core 1 is shown in longitudinal section in FIG. 1.
  • the iron core is E-shaped and has a central leg 2 on which the exciter winding 3 is formed. When viewed in the direction of longitudinal axis 4, the free face of center leg 2 faces armature 5 across a narrow gap.
  • the apparatus guiding the movement of armature 5 is not illustrated.
  • the force of the spring 6 is applied to armature 5.
  • a yoke 7 having a bore 8 coaxial with longitudinal axis 4 forms the return path for the magnetic field. Armature 5 is received in bore 8 with little radial clearance.
  • Exciter winding 3 has winding ends 9 and 10. When DC voltage is applied to these ends, a current I begins to flow through the winding in accordance with the known equation: ##EQU1##
  • L is the inductivity of the exciter winding
  • R its resistance
  • U the applied voltage
  • armature 5 is to be restrained from movement relative to center leg 2, until magnetizing current I reaches its maximum value.
  • a piezo electric device 12 which is mounted in an insulating housing 13 and consists of a large plurality of piezo-ceramic discs 14. These discs are electrically connected in series and may be subjected to DC voltage applied through leads 15 and 16. Due to the applied electric field, discs 14 expand in the direction of column axis 17 with simultaneous contraction in their diameter. This causes a locking member 18 mounted on one end of the column to move in the direction of arrow 19. As locking member 18 moves, it comes in contact with a stop member, namely a metal strip 20, which extends in the direction of axis 4 of the electromagnet. Metal strip 20 is rigid in the direction of axis 4 but is resilient under the pressure applied by locking or clamping member 18. It thus moves until it comes in contact with a stop 21 rigidly connected to yoke 7.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a portion of a second embodiment which is similar to the first embodiment but has a second piezo-electric device 22 instead of stop 21.
  • the second piezo-electric device also consists of a plurality of piezo-electric discs, here discs 24. There are also arranged in a column, the axis 25 of the column being positioned to form an extension of axis 17 of the first column.
  • the second column at the end facing metal strip 20, has a clamping or locking member 28.
  • the second piezo-electric device is arranged with mirror symmetry to the first. This allows larger clearances to be maintained between the metal strip and locking members 18 and 28 and thus less wear due to friction of members 18 and 28 when the piezo-electric device is de-energized.
  • the piezo-electric device 12 consists of some 50 piezo-ceramic discs 14 with a diameter of some 10 mm.
  • the electric field runs up to some 1500 volts/mm, due to the applied voltage of some 700 V DC.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
US06/274,526 1980-08-20 1981-06-17 Electromagnetic positioning device with piezo-electric control Expired - Fee Related US4382243A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3031354 1980-08-20
DE19803031354 DE3031354A1 (de) 1980-08-20 1980-08-20 Elektromagnetische anordnung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4382243A true US4382243A (en) 1983-05-03

Family

ID=6109984

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/274,526 Expired - Fee Related US4382243A (en) 1980-08-20 1981-06-17 Electromagnetic positioning device with piezo-electric control

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4382243A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
JP (1) JPS6325690B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE3031354A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
FR (1) FR2489035A3 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB2082842B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4492891A (en) * 1982-04-01 1985-01-08 U.S. Philips Corporation Piezoelectric actuator arrangement with adjustment for wear
US4577131A (en) * 1983-12-29 1986-03-18 Zygo Corporation Piezoelectric micromotion actuator
US4689516A (en) * 1985-05-02 1987-08-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Position adjustment device with a piezoelectric element as a lock mechanism
US4720163A (en) * 1985-06-28 1988-01-19 Northern Telecom Limited Laser-fiber positioner
WO1992006532A1 (en) * 1990-09-28 1992-04-16 Caterpillar Inc. Coating surrounding a piezoelectric solid state motor stack
US5218259A (en) * 1992-02-18 1993-06-08 Caterpillar Inc. Coating surrounding a piezoelectric solid state motor stack
EP0845625A3 (de) * 1996-11-27 1998-10-07 Nass Magnet GmbH Elektrisch ansteuerbares Ventil
US6091314A (en) * 1998-06-05 2000-07-18 Siemens Automotive Corporation Piezoelectric booster for an electromagnetic actuator
US20030212337A1 (en) * 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Spiration, Inc. Automated provision of information related to air evacuation from a chest cavity
US20040074070A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Momoda Leslie A. Releasable fastening system based on ionic polymer metal composites and method of use
US20040074068A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Browne Alan Lampe Releasable fastener system
US20040074062A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Stanford Thomas B. Releasable fastener system
US20040075365A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Johnson Nancy L. Releasable fastener system
US20040074067A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Browne Alan Lampe Electrostatically releasable fastening system and method of use
US20040074063A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Golden Mark A. Releasable fastener system
US20040117955A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-06-24 William Barvosa-Carter Releasable fastener systems and processes
US20040194261A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-10-07 General Motors Corporation Magnetorheological nanocomposite elastomer for releasable attachment applications
US20050071399A1 (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-03-31 International Business Machines Corporation Pseudo-random binary sequence checker with automatic synchronization
US7013538B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2006-03-21 General Motors Corporation Electroactive polymer releasable fastening system and method of use
US7013536B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2006-03-21 General Motors Corporation Releasable fastener systems and processes
US7032282B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2006-04-25 General Motors Corporation Releasable fastener system
US20060261109A1 (en) * 2005-05-18 2006-11-23 Browne Alan L Cargo container including an active material based releasable fastener system
DE102006048841A1 (de) * 2006-10-13 2008-04-17 IGAM Ingenieurgesellschaft für angewandte Mechanik mbH Schnellschaltender Auslösemechanismus
US20140145803A1 (en) * 2011-07-29 2014-05-29 Ceram Tec Gmbh Electromagnetic relay

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19712062A1 (de) * 1997-03-24 1998-10-01 Braunewell Markus Elektromagnetische Stelleinrichtung
DE19712056A1 (de) * 1997-03-24 1998-10-01 Braunewell Markus Elektromagnetischer Antrieb E8
WO1998042957A1 (de) 1997-03-24 1998-10-01 Lsp Innovative Automotive Systems Gmbh Elektromagnetischer antrieb
DE10203262A1 (de) * 2002-01-29 2003-07-31 Heinz Leiber Elektromagnetische Stelleinrichtung
DE10203260A1 (de) * 2002-01-29 2003-07-31 Heinz Leiber Klemmelement

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3249823A (en) * 1964-01-08 1966-05-03 Vitramon Inc Electromagnetic actuator
US3363139A (en) * 1964-05-28 1968-01-09 Edward L. Schiavone Piezoelectric transformer
US3462939A (en) * 1965-02-12 1969-08-26 Tokei Kk Mechanical vibrator for timepiece
US3541849A (en) * 1968-05-08 1970-11-24 James P Corbett Oscillating crystal force transducer system
US3665353A (en) * 1971-04-27 1972-05-23 Collins Radio Co Solenoid with multi-rate return spring

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1844699U (de) * 1961-10-03 1962-01-11 Magnetschultz Spezialfabrik Fu Elektromagnet mit automatischer verriegelung des ankers.
DE1751543A1 (de) * 1968-06-15 1970-08-27 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Elektrisch steuerbares Einspritzventil
DE2028442A1 (de) * 1970-06-10 1971-12-16 Daimler Benz Ag Kraftstoffeinspritzventil fur Ver brennungsmotoren

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3249823A (en) * 1964-01-08 1966-05-03 Vitramon Inc Electromagnetic actuator
US3363139A (en) * 1964-05-28 1968-01-09 Edward L. Schiavone Piezoelectric transformer
US3462939A (en) * 1965-02-12 1969-08-26 Tokei Kk Mechanical vibrator for timepiece
US3541849A (en) * 1968-05-08 1970-11-24 James P Corbett Oscillating crystal force transducer system
US3665353A (en) * 1971-04-27 1972-05-23 Collins Radio Co Solenoid with multi-rate return spring

Cited By (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4492891A (en) * 1982-04-01 1985-01-08 U.S. Philips Corporation Piezoelectric actuator arrangement with adjustment for wear
US4577131A (en) * 1983-12-29 1986-03-18 Zygo Corporation Piezoelectric micromotion actuator
US4689516A (en) * 1985-05-02 1987-08-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Position adjustment device with a piezoelectric element as a lock mechanism
EP0201282A3 (en) * 1985-05-02 1989-02-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Position adjustment device with a piezoelectric element as a lock mechanism
US4720163A (en) * 1985-06-28 1988-01-19 Northern Telecom Limited Laser-fiber positioner
WO1992006532A1 (en) * 1990-09-28 1992-04-16 Caterpillar Inc. Coating surrounding a piezoelectric solid state motor stack
US5148077A (en) * 1990-09-28 1992-09-15 Caterpillar Inc. Coating surrounding a piezoelectric solid state motor stack
US5218259A (en) * 1992-02-18 1993-06-08 Caterpillar Inc. Coating surrounding a piezoelectric solid state motor stack
EP0845625A3 (de) * 1996-11-27 1998-10-07 Nass Magnet GmbH Elektrisch ansteuerbares Ventil
US6091314A (en) * 1998-06-05 2000-07-18 Siemens Automotive Corporation Piezoelectric booster for an electromagnetic actuator
US20030212337A1 (en) * 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Spiration, Inc. Automated provision of information related to air evacuation from a chest cavity
US20040194261A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-10-07 General Motors Corporation Magnetorheological nanocomposite elastomer for releasable attachment applications
US7013538B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2006-03-21 General Motors Corporation Electroactive polymer releasable fastening system and method of use
US20040074062A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Stanford Thomas B. Releasable fastener system
US20040075365A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Johnson Nancy L. Releasable fastener system
US20040074067A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Browne Alan Lampe Electrostatically releasable fastening system and method of use
US20040074063A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Golden Mark A. Releasable fastener system
US20040117955A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-06-24 William Barvosa-Carter Releasable fastener systems and processes
US20040074070A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Momoda Leslie A. Releasable fastening system based on ionic polymer metal composites and method of use
US6815873B2 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-11-09 General Motors Corporation Releasable fastener system
US7430788B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2008-10-07 General Motors Corporation Magnetorheological nanocomposite elastomer for releasable attachment applications
US6944920B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2005-09-20 General Motors Corporation Electrostatically releasable fastening system and method of use
US6973701B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2005-12-13 General Motors Corporation Releasable fastening system based on ionic polymer metal composites and method of use
US6983517B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2006-01-10 General Motors Corporation Releasable fastener system
US20040074068A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-22 Browne Alan Lampe Releasable fastener system
US7013536B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2006-03-21 General Motors Corporation Releasable fastener systems and processes
US7020938B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2006-04-04 General Motors Corporation Magnetorheological nanocomposite elastomer for releasable attachment applications
US7032282B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2006-04-25 General Motors Corporation Releasable fastener system
US20060168780A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2006-08-03 General Motors Corporation Magnetorheological nanocomposite elastomer for releasable attachment applications
US7308738B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2007-12-18 General Motors Corporation Releasable fastener systems and processes
US7140081B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2006-11-28 General Motors Corporation Releasable fastener system
US7146690B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2006-12-12 General Motors Corporation Releasable fastener system
US20050071399A1 (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-03-31 International Business Machines Corporation Pseudo-random binary sequence checker with automatic synchronization
US20060261109A1 (en) * 2005-05-18 2006-11-23 Browne Alan L Cargo container including an active material based releasable fastener system
DE102006048841A1 (de) * 2006-10-13 2008-04-17 IGAM Ingenieurgesellschaft für angewandte Mechanik mbH Schnellschaltender Auslösemechanismus
US20140145803A1 (en) * 2011-07-29 2014-05-29 Ceram Tec Gmbh Electromagnetic relay
US20150371800A1 (en) * 2011-07-29 2015-12-24 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Electromagnetic relay
US9224562B2 (en) * 2011-07-29 2015-12-29 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Electromagnetic relay

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6325690B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1988-05-26
FR2489035B3 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1982-07-09
FR2489035A3 (fr) 1982-02-26
DE3031354A1 (de) 1982-04-08
GB2082842B (en) 1984-04-26
JPS5754306A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1982-03-31
GB2082842A (en) 1982-03-10

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