US437611A - Gas-retort furnace - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 amend-sheet 1.

K. M. MITCHELL. GAS RETORT PURNAGB.

No.'43'7,61 1. Patented Sept. 30, 1890.

(N0 M06161.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

K. M. MITCHELL. GAS RETORT FURNACE.

No. 437,611. Patented Sept. 30, 1890.

1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

KERR M. MITCHELL, OFST. J OSEPH. ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN DELL,

OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

'GAS-RETORTFU RNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 437,611, dated September 30, 1890.

Application filed August 27, 1889. Eierial No. 322,100- (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, KERR M. MITCHELL, of St. Joseph, Buchanan county, State'of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Gas-Retort Furnaces, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

This improvement relates to the style of coal-gas generators having what are called regenerating furnaces, in which the primary air-supply goes directly to the firc and a secondary air-supply mixes with the gases above the fire.

Figure I is a longitudinal section at I I, Figs. II and III. Fig. II is a horizontal section upon two planes II II, Fig. III. Fig. III is a transverse section at III III, Fig. 11.

In Fig. I is shown a truck which is used when charging or discharging the bench of retorts, but which forms no part of the present invention. No novelty is claimed in the arrangement of the retorts or position of the furnace in the bench.

1 is the brick-work of the bench. 7

2 is a pit from which, if desired, the furnace may .be fed and which is in communication with the fire-chamber 3 by a way l, closed by a door 5. The grate-bars 6 are shown removable and resting on round bearing bars or rollers 7. 7

At 8 are horizontal shelves extending across the way or mouth 4, whose purpose is to sustain the fuel at that point when the fire is made to extend from the grate-bars above the level of the shelves, as is usual in this form of furnace. In this case the fuel is fed through a mouth 9, closed by a cap or door 10. v

11 is the arch or cover to the fire or furnace chamber. The upper part of the fire-chamber extends backward in an extension 3.

At 12 are a number of openings extending through the top of the arch to the combustionchamber 13, in which the retorts 14 are supported in theusual manner by supports 15.

The primary currents of air for the support of the partial combustion which takes place in the fire-chamber 3 enter at the front of the bench through the mouth 16 into the flues 17, which extend through the brick-work to the rear part of the bench and then forwardly to the front part, where the warmed air escapes in to the fire-chamber through openings 18 at the sides of the mouth 4. The secondary aircurrents enter mouth 19 in the front of the bench and pass through horizontal flues 20, which extend through the brick-work to the back part of the bench, and from that point forwardly beneath the combustion-chamber. 21 are a number of passages from the top of the inner part of the fines 20 into the combustion-chamber 13. The openings 21 and 12 are in close proximity, so that the hot air from the flue 20 is mingled with the products of partial combustion from the fire and very thorough combustion takes place, the flames and heated gases filling the comb ustion-chamber. The products of combustion escape from the lower part of the combustion-chamber through a number of vertical pipes 22,which traverse the flue 20 and discharge into flues 23, arranged directly under and parallel with the air-fines 20, and lead to the smoke-stack 24. These tubes 22 are secured in the top and bottom walls of the fines 20 and are arranged in zigzag horizontal line, which causes the air to come into very intimate contact with their heated surfaces.

At 25 are seen vertical ribs projecting from the sides of the flue and forming deflectors, causing the current-of air to take a devious course in its passage through the flue, so that all portions of it are brought in contact with the hot pipes 22. These deflectors, it will be seen, are for this purpose arranged alternately with each other on opposite sides of the flue, and the said pipes 22 are arranged alternately with said deflectors on both sides of the flue in a zigzag line, and thus form a sinuous passage for the air entering the combustionchamber. These pipes 22, it will also be observed, are necessarily very thin, so as to afford a minimum of resistance between the heat passing through them and the air in flue 20, and owing to their thinness they are ar ranged vertically, as otherwise they would hardly support their own weight, and also as an incident to their thinness they are necessarily removable to enable the ready insertion of others when they become damaged, which is very apt to occur. To enable the removal of" these pipes 22, the settingstones 22 are simply supported on upper flanges 2O on the pipes, while the latter are themselves supported on the floor of the flue 20 by means of lower flanges 23.

It will be observed that the retort-chamber 13 has direct communication with the fire-box of the furnace, while the discharge or smoke flue 23 has no communication with said firebox excepting via the vertical tubes 22, which latter lead from the chamber 13; and on the other hand it will be seen that the chamber 13 has no communication with the uptake or stack excepting m'a the vertical tubes 22 and smoke-flue 20, while the latter (the smokeflue) is directly connected to the uptake or stack- Hence it will be understood that the products of combustion, after having impinged against the retorts in the chamber 13', will pass downward through the verticaltubes 22,-and thence along the flue 23 to the uptake, heating in their course thecurrent of air passing through the flue 20 and also heating to a considerable degree the air passing through the flues 17.

The pit is shown open and having a movable platform, as described and claimed in my application,Serial N o. 323,008,filed September 4, 1889; and Itherefore do not claim the same in this application.

I claim as my invention-- 1. The combination, in a gas-generator, of the combustion or retort chamber 13,- a horizontal flue 20, conducting air through the body of the bench to the said combustionchamber, and the vertical tubes 22,- extending fromthe chamber 13 through the flue 20 to the discharge-flue 23, said tubes 22 being removably inserted in the upper and lower walls of the flue 20 and having the supportingfianges- 20, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, in a gas-generator, of the fire-chamber, the combustion-chamber 13, containing retorts and having communication with said fire-box, the horizontal air-flue 20 in communication with the combustion-chamher, the uptake, a discharge-flue 23, the removable tubes 22, arranged vertically in the air-flue 20 and communicating with chamber 13 and discharge-flue 23, said discharge-flue having direct communication with the uptake, but no communication with the fi-rechamber forth.

3. The combination, in a gas-generator, of 1 the fire-chamber, the combustion-chamber 13,

having the openings 12 throughout its length 7 leading to the fire-chamber, the air-heating flue 20, with openings 21 leading to the combustion-chamber, the discharge-flue 23, arranged lengthwise of flue 20, the tubes 22, arranged vertically and ma zigzag line along the flue 20, leading from the combustion-chamber transversely through flue 20 to the said dischargeflue, and the air-supply tubes 17, arranged parallel with and adjacent to discharge-flue 23, said discharge-flue 23 having no communication with the fire-chamber except at the tubes 22 and the combustion-chamber, substantially as set forth.

4. In a gas-generator,'the combination, with the fire-chamberand combustion-chamber, of

a longitudinal air-flue communicating with the outer atmosphere and with said combustion-chamber,- a longitudinal smoke-flue arranged directly under and parallel with said air-flue and being open and unobstructed throughout its entire length, and vertical cylindrical .pipes 22, extending from the combustion chamber transversely through the air-flue and opening in the smoke-flue under said air-flue, said smoke-flue being connected directly with the uptake, but having no connection with the fire-chamber except hid the tubes 22, substantially as set forth.

5. In a gas-generator, the combination, with the fire-chamber and combustion-chamber, of a horizontal air-supply tube leading to the combustion-chamber, a smoke-flue arranged under and parallel with said air-flue, vertical pipes or flues 22,- leading from the combustion-chamber and emptying into said smoketlue and being arranged in a zigzag line throughout the length of said air-flue, and deflectors projecting laterally from the side walls of the air-flue and but partially across the latter and being arranged opposite every alternate one of the said vertical flues, substantially as set forth. 7 g

6. The combination, with the combustionchamber and fire-chamber, of an air-flue leading to said combustion-chamber, a smoke-flue under said air-flue, deflectors arranged alternately with each other on opposite sides of said air-flue, and vertical flues 22, arranged alternately with said deflectors on both sides of the air-flue and forming a zigzag line, said 1 flues 22 having communication with the'combustion chamber and said smoke flu'e, sub a stantially as set forth.

except via the tubes 22, substantially as set I KERR M. MITCHELL.

Witnesses:

J OHN H. FITZGERALD. D. H. A. MoNEILL.

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