US363292A

US363292A - Benjamin howell

Info

Publication number: US363292A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1887-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 1904-05-17

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shet1.

' B. HOWELL.

l ANNEALING FURNACE. No. 363,292. Patented May 1'7, 188-7.

3 @3 55 .5 5i 5 :i lfmflf m PETERS, PhnlwLzlhogmphor, Washington D C (No Model.) I I 2 SheetsSheet 2.

B. HOWE LL.

ANNEALING PURNAGE.

No. 863,292. Pasented May 17 1887. 9 r

mhqessss:

UNITED STATES PATENT Unmet.

BENJAMIN HOWELL, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO XVILLIAM N. WHIIELEY, OF SAME PLACE.

ANNEALlNG-FURNACE.

FJPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 363,292, dated May 1' 1887- Application filed July 9, 1886. Serial No. 207,570. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN HowELL, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Annealing-Furnace for Malleable Iron; and I hereby declare the following to be such a full, clear, and exact description of the same as will enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains to construct and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to furnaces in general,

and particularly to furnaces wherein the fire is built in a separate compartment and the heat drawn over a bridge wall or through open-- ines into another compartment wherein is placed the material to be heated, such as malleable iron or other substances requiring uniform and long continuedheating.

The objects of my invention are, first, to so construct the fire-box of a furnace that the gas from the burning coal shall be completely consumed, thereby adding a large percentage to the effective heating capacity of agiven amount of coal, and consequently requiring much less coal to perform a given amount of work; seeond,to so construct the receiving-oven of a furnace that the heat shall be uniform upon all sides of the mass to be heated and capable of heating the cold material up to the required point in a short time and with a moderate consumption of coal, and, third, to so construct the annealing pot or receptacle that the heated air, gases, &e., may pass under as well as around them. I accomplish these objects by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings and hereinafter described.

I11 the drawings, Figure 1 is an interior per spective View of my furnace, thefront wall having been removed for the purpose of showingits construction. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section through theflues and a plan of the firebox. Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the receiving-oven and fire-box. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through the firebox. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through the receivingoven. Fig. 6 is ahorizontal section through the flues; and Fig. 7 is an interior perspective View of a modification of the form of dues, &c. shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4., and 5.

Similar letters refer to like parts in the several views.

The receivingoven A and fire-box B are placed side by side and separated by the wall 0. Over the top of each are the arches ab, the whole being inclosed by the side walls, I) E,-and end walls, F G.

The top of the floor of the receiving oven or chamber is level with the top of the gratebars 0 of the fire-box, under which is the ashpit d, in the usual form. The material to be annealed is placed in what is technically termed pots, each of which consists of three oblong cast-iron boxes placed one above the other and arranged in such a form as to nearly fill the chamber, leaving only a narrow space at the sides, ends, top, and bottom, the space at the bottom being secured by casting to the bottom of the lower division of the pots downwardlyprojecting ribs or supports which elevate the bottom of the pot a few inches from the floor of the receiving-oven. The arrangement of the pots in the oven is shown by dotted linesffff in Figs. 3 and 5, the transverse spaces formed by the ribs cast on the bottom of the pots being shown at s s 3. These supports or ribs may be cast on the pot or be in the form of rails secured to the floor of the receivingoven, or be loose bars laid upon the floor, as desired, but should be placed in such direction as to form flues for the passage of heated air, gases, &c., in the same direction as such currents pass over the mass to be heated.

Beneath the floor of the receivingoven are arranged a series of lines, J, J J J, J and J, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the dividingwalls 6 of which furnish the proper support for the floor of the receiving-oven. 7'

Through the wall 0, and nearly at the top, is a series of openings, g through which the heated air, gases, 850., pass from the fire-box B to the receiving-oven A. Two of'these openings, g, at the front end of the fire-box are made smaller than the remainder, g", for the purpose of preventing the front of the mass from overheating, as the heat is much greater at the front end of the firebox than elsewhere. Another opening, is made near the back end of the fire-box and near the floor of the receiving-oven, for the purpose of sufficiently ICO receiving-chamber A and whose lower ends connect with the side flue, J, which connects at the front end with the flue J which in turn connects at the back end with fine J and so on, the last flue, J connecting with the smokeflue K, leading to the smoke-stack.

The operation of my furnace is as follows, viz: The material to be annealed having been if; placed in the annealing pots and the pots arranged in the receiving-oven, as before described, the doors N M are bricked up, leaving only a small opening for observing the progress of the work, which opening is closed by a loose brick. The fire is built upon the grate-bars c, and the flames, heated air, gases, & c., pass through the openings 9, g, and g in direction of the arrows, and completely en- 1 velop the sides, ends, top, and bottom of the 2 5 mass, and escape down through the openings h h, thence successively through the flues J, J J J, J, J, and K to the smoke-stack. In their passagethrough the lines the floor of the recelvin goven is evenly and efficiently heated, and by providing a space between the bottom of the pots and the floor the mass to be heated is uniformly and effectively acted upon. The operation of annealing being completed, the doors N M are opened and the pots removed, after which they remain open for the purpose of cooling. off the furnace.

In Figs. 6 and 7 is shown a modification of the arrangement of fines under the floor of the receiving-oven. In this case the openings or 0 recesses h h are replaced by a series of openings, a a, through the floor at the front end of the receiving oven. These openings connect with a corresponding series of flues, m at, whose rear ends open into a transverse flue, p, which connects with the smoke-fine K, and thence to the smoke-stack.

In constructing an annealing-furnace after my plan the fines may be placed transversely instead of longitudinally, or the series may be divided into two systems opening into a centersmoke-flue, or in various ways my plan may be modifiedwithout changing its essential features. 7 i

It will be noticed that the fire-box Bis made very high in proportion to its width, for the purpose of providing a large combustionchamber, it having been ascertained in practice that the gases are more perfectly consnmed,,and therefore a given amount of coal produces a much larger proportion of heat.

I am aware that annealing-furnaces have heretofore been constructed in which the firebox and receiving-oven were located side by side, or with one fire-box to two receivingovens, the former placed between the two latter as, for instance, in the annealing-oven of Reynolds United States Patent No. 52,605;-

but in this case the grate-bars are set so far above the level of the floor of the receivingoven that the combustion-chamber or fire-box is so small that the fuel is very imperfectly consumed and alarge percentage of it is wasted, while the material to be annealed is very slowly heated. The gases and similar products of combustion have also been carried through the wall dividing the fire-box from the receivingoven by a series of openings near the top thereof, but no provision was made for insurin g a passage of heated air, &c., across the rear ends of the mass to be annealed. In my invention I accomplish this very necessary object by means of the opening g. the usual form of furnace (as Reynolds United States Patent No. 52,605) the series of openings have been all the same size. It is found in practice that, while the rear end of the mass is not sufficiently heated, as above described, the front end is subjected to too much heat. Therefore I have made the first two or three of the openings much smaller than the others,

Again, in v and I find that it accomplishes the object perfectly and is a valuable improvement. There fore, although annealing-furnaces have been heretofore constructed whose general form bore some resemblance to the one herein described, I am not aware that any have contained the peculiar construction and arrangement herein described and claimed as new viz., placing the grate-bars on a level with the bottom of the receiving-chamber, thereby obtaining an unusually large combustion-chamber, constructing the openings between the combustionchamber and receivingoven of smaller size at the front end of the furnace, as at 9, Fig. 1, in order to prevent overheating at this point, providing an additional opening near the floor at the rear end of the furnace, as at Fig. 1, for the purpose of supplying heat to the rear of the mass to be heated, and

providing proper fiues beneath the floor of the portion of the parts as shown and described, or to any particular construction or device not essential to the principles of construction and mode of operation herein described, What I do claim as new, and desire to secure by Lettors Patent, is--- 1; In an annealing-furnace, the combination of the receiving-oven A, fire-box B, and the intermediate partition wall, 0, provided with the apertures g g in the top of the wall 0, also the apertures g, smaller than the others and in the front portion of said dividing-wall, and a the vertically-elongated aperture g" in the lower portion of said dividing-wall, with the escape-fines h h, connecting the lower portion of the oven A, and a series of horizontal flnes under the floor of the same, substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose of more uniformly heating the mass to be annealed.

2. In an annealing-oven, the combination of the firebox B and the receiving-oven A with the partition-wall 0, provided with the openings g in the top of the wall dividing the fire-box and annealingchamber, the openings 9, smaller than the others and in the'front portion of said dividing-wall, the verticallyelongated openings 9 in the lower portion of said dividing-wall, and escape-fines connecting the lower portion of the oven with any suitable system of flues under the floor of the receiving-oven for conducting away the products of combustion, all the parts being c011- strnoted and arranged substantially as described, and for the purpose of more economically, evenly, and quickly heating the material to be annealed.

3. In an annealing-furnace, the combination of the receiving-oven A, fire-box B, and the partition-wall 0, provided with the apertures g, g g and g in the dividingwall-O, and progressively enlarging from the front toward the rear of said wall, and escape-apertures in or near the floor of said oven A, connecting the same with the return-fines J J J J J J", all constructed and arranged substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose of more uniformly and quickly heating the material to be annealed.

BENJAMIN I-I OWVELL.

Witnesses: a,

OSCAR E. Pnnmeo, FRED STATE.