Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
  • C07D295/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms
  • C07D295/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms by radicals derived from carboxylic acids, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof
  • C07D295/182—Radicals derived from carboxylic acids
  • C07D295/185—Radicals derived from carboxylic acids from aliphatic carboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
  • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
  • C07D209/08—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
  • C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D215/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
  • C07D215/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with acylated ring nitrogen atom
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
  • C07D295/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms
  • C07D295/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms by radicals derived from carboxylic acids, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof
  • C07D295/182—Radicals derived from carboxylic acids

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the preparation of certain alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid amide compounds.
• Such compounds are useful as intermediates in the preparation of herbicides, e.g., substituted sulfonyl glycol amides and anilides.
• glycollic acid anilide is obtained when a chloroacetic acid anilide is reacted with an acetate to give an acetoxyacetic acid anilide and the latter is saponified under alkaline conditions (see DE-OS (German Published Specification) No. 2,201,432).
• an acetoxyacetic acid anilide can be prepared, for example, by heating the corresponding chloroacetic acid anilide under reflux with a large excess of potassium acetate in dilute acetic acid for 20 hours.
• the acetoxyacetic acid anilide formed can then in general be isolated by filtration.
• the high consumption of potassium acetate as well as the contamination of the mother liquor by the excess acetate and by the potassium chloride formed as a concomitant product are to be regarded as the disadvantages of this process.
• Saponification of the acetoxyacetic acid anilide is carried out, according to the state of the art, using 1 to 2 mol equivalents of an alkali metal hydroxide in methanol.
• the glycollic acid anilide is separated out in the crystalline form.
• the mother liquor contains relatively large amounts of salts.
• the yield and purity of the products thus obtained are not always completely satisfactory.
• the present invention now provides a process for the preparation of an amide of the formula ##STR4## in which R 1 represents hydrogen or alkyl and
• R 2 and R 3 are identical or different and each represent hydrogen or alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, in each case optionally substituted, or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic radical, or
• R 2 and R 3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form an optionally substituted, optionally partially unsaturated and optionally benzo-fused monocyclic or bicyclic ring, which optionally contains one or more further hetero-atoms, in which, in a first stage, an ⁇ -halogenocarboxylic acid amide of the general formula ##STR5## in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 have the meanings indicated above and Hal represents chlorine or bromine, is reacted with an alkali metal acetate or alkaline earth metal acetate in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt and if appropriate using a diluent, at a temperature between 20° and 200° C., and, in a second stage, the ⁇ -acetoxycarboxylic acid amide prepared in this manner, of the general formula ##STR6## in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 have the meanings indicated above, is deacylated by reaction with an alcohol of the general formula
• R 4 represents alkyl, in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxide or of an alkali metal carbonate or alkaline earth metal carbonate, at a temperature between 20° and 150° C.
• advantages of the process according to the invention are the use of the reagents in stoichiometric amount, the fact that there are no side-reactions, and the simple working up. Pollution of the environment with waste substances is thereby largely avoided, since the concomitant products and solvents can easily be separated off and isolated in a pure form.
• the formula (II) provides a definition of the ⁇ -halogenocarboxylic acid amides to be used as starting compounds.
• this formula provides a definition of the ⁇ -halogenocarboxylic acid amides to be used as starting compounds.
• R 1 represents hydrogen or methyl
• R 2 and R 3 which can be identical or different, each represents hydrogen, straight-chain or branched alkyl with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, cyanoalkyl with 2 to 5 carbon atoms, alkoxyalkyl with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, alkylthioalkyl with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, alkenyl with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, alkynyl with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl with 3 to 12 carbon atoms, aralkyl with 1 to 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and 6 or 10 carbon atoms in the aryl part, aryl with 6 or 10 carbon atoms [it being possible for the two radicals last mentioned to carry one or more substituents selected from 1 to 3 halogen atoms (especially fluorine and/or chlorine and/or bromine), 1 to 3 alkyl radicals with in each case 1 to 4 carbon atoms, nitro and cyano], morpholinyl or tetrahydro
• Particularly preferred starting substances are those compounds of formula (II)
• R 1 represents hydrogen
• R 2 and R 3 which can be identical or different, each represents straight-chain or branched alkyl with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, cyanoethyl, 2-alkoxyethyl with 1 to 5 (especially 1 to 3) carbon atoms in the alkoxy group, allyl, propargyl, 1-methylpropargyl, 1,1-dimethylpropargyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, nitrophenyl, tolyl, nitrotolyl, chlorophenyl, naphthyl, benzyl, chlorobenzyl, chlorotolyl, morpholinyl or tetrahydrofurfuryl or, R 2 and R 3 , together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, represent pyrrolidyl, monoalkyl- or dialkyl-pyrrolidyl with 1 to 5 (especially 1 to 3) C atoms per alkyl group, morpholinyl, monoalky
• Hal represent chlorine
• halogenocarboxylic acid amides of the formula (II) which may be mentioned are: chloroacetic acid methylamide, ethylamide, n-propylamide, iso-propylamide, n-butylamide, iso-butylamide, dimethylamide, diethylamide, di-n-propylamide, di-iso-propylamide, N-methyl-N-iso-propylamide, N-methyl-N-iso-butylamide, N-methyl-N-sec.-butylamide, di-(2-ethyl-hexyl)-amide, N-methyl-N-(2-cyano-ethyl)-amide, di-(2-methoxy-ethyl)-amide, diallylamide, N-methyl-N-propargylamide, N-methyl-N-(1-methyl-propargyl)-amide, dipropargylamide, cyclopentylamide, N-methyl-N-N
• ⁇ -halogenocarboxylic acid amides of the formula (II) are known, or they can be prepared analogously to known processes, for example by reacting ⁇ -halogenocarboxylic acid halides, for example chloroacetyl chloride, with ammonia or primary or secondary amines, if appropriate in the presence of an acid acceptor, for example, potassium hydroxide (see J. Agric, Food Chem. 4 (1956), 518-522).
• alkali metal acetates or alkaline earth metal acetates to be used as reagents in the first process stage are known. Examples which may be mentioned are sodium acetate and potassium acetate.
• Quaternary ammonium salts are used as catalysts in the first process stage.
• Possible quaternary ammonium salts are tetraalkylammonium salts, it being possible for the alkyl radicals independently of one another to contain 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• Trialkyl-aralkylammonium salts with 1 to 4 carbon atoms per alkyl radical and with 1 to 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl part of the aralkyl radical and 6 or 10 carbon atoms in the aryl part of the aralkyl radical can also be used as catalysts.
• Alkali metal hydroxides or alkaline earth metal hydroxides or alkali metal carbonates or alkaline earth metal carbonates are used as catalysts in the second process stage.
• sodium hydroxide sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate.
• Formula (IV) provides a definition of the alcohols to be used as reagents and simultaneously as diluents in the second process stage.
• R 4 preferably represents straight-chain or branched alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• Examples which may be mentioned are methanol, ethanol and n- and iso-propanol.
• the first process stage is preferably carried out using suitable solvents or diluents.
• suitable solvents or diluents are virtually any of the inert organic solvents. These include, as preferences, aliphatic and aromatic, optionally chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as benzine, benzene, toluene, xylene, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene chloride, chlorobenzene and o-dichlorobenzene; ethers, such as diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and dioxan; ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone; and nitriles, such as acetonitrile and propionitrile.
• reaction temperatures are, for the first stage, in general between 20° and 200° C., preferably between 50° and 150° C., and for the second stage, between 20° and 150° C., preferably between 50° and 120° C. Both stages of the process according to the invention are in general carried out under normal pressure.
• 0.9 to 1.5 moles, preferably 0.95 to 1.2 moles, of acetate (anhydrous) are generally employed per mole of ⁇ -halogenocarboxylic acid amide (II) and 1 to 20 mmoles, preferably 2 to 15 mmoles, of ammonium salt catalyst are used.
• the reactants are in general heated to the required reaction temperature in one of the diluents indicated for some hours and the mixture is cooled and, after filtration, the diluent is distilled off.
• the ⁇ -acetoxycarboxylic acid amide which remains in the residue in this procedure is heated in 2 to 5 mol equivalents of one of the alcohols indicated above in the presence of 1 to 100 mmoles, preferably 5 to 50 mmoles, of hydroxide or carbonate for some hours.
• the ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid amide is obtained in the residue and is optionally purified by recrystallisation.
• the ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid amides are in general obtained in high purity by the process according to the invention and can be used without additional purification processes.
• ⁇ -hydroxy-carboxylic acid amides which can be prepared according to the invention can be used as intermediate products for the preparation of herbicides (see for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,399,988, DE-OS (German Offenlegungsschrift) No. 2,201,432 and DE-OS (German Offenlegungsschrift) No. 2,647,568).

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
• Indole Compounds (AREA)
• Catalysts (AREA)

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Cited By (17)

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• 1979
  • 1979-02-07 DE DE19792904490 patent/DE2904490A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1980
  • 1980-01-28 DE DE8080100427T patent/DE3060385D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1980-01-28 EP EP80100427A patent/EP0014409B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1980-02-04 IL IL59294A patent/IL59294A/xx unknown
  • 1980-02-05 JP JP1210880A patent/JPS55105624A/ja active Granted
  • 1980-02-06 BR BR8000728A patent/BR8000728A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1980-02-06 DK DK52180A patent/DK149623C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1980-12-01 US US06/211,989 patent/US4334073A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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