US4206312A - Cooled jacket for electric arc furnaces - Google Patents

Cooled jacket for electric arc furnaces Download PDF

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Publication number
US4206312A
US4206312A US05/969,453 US96945378A US4206312A US 4206312 A US4206312 A US 4206312A US 96945378 A US96945378 A US 96945378A US 4206312 A US4206312 A US 4206312A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pipe
cooled jacket
furnace
accordance
electric arc
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US05/969,453
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English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Kuhlmann
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Sidepal SA
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Sidepal SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to industrial furnaces, particularly a cooled jacket for electric arc furnaces.
  • Electric arc furnaces are in general use for the production of special steels.
  • the body of the furnace mainly consists of a cylindrical casing, a convex base forming a furnace shell and a convex cover.
  • the casing includes a feed aperture and a pouring aperture fitted with a spout and usually provided on the opposite side to the aperture, while the cover includes the apertures required for the electrodes.
  • the body of the furnace is mounted on rollers and can be emptied by tilting it.
  • the internal walls of the furnace have a more or less thick refractory lining serving to absorb the considerable heat to which they are exposed.
  • the side casing which consists of a metal armoring with a refractory lining
  • the metal armoring is liable to bulge outwards and the lining only has a life of 80-100 charges, i.e. operating cycles, and therefore the armoring has to be renewed frequently.
  • This renewal of the lining involves considerable expense, as well as a reduction in output, as a result of the temporary stoppage thereby caused.
  • the policy has therefore been adopted of equipping the side of the furnace with a cooling system by integrating cooling boxes into this wall on similar lines to those already known in connection with the operation of blast furnaces.
  • These cooling boxes or cooling elements for arc furnaces can be designed as integral supporting parts of the side of the furnace and arranged in such a manner that a plurality of mutually adjacent cooling elements, preferably curved in the form of a circle, form a belt which in this zone constitutes the side of the furnace.
  • This belt-shaped configuration of cooling elements may be provided on the inside and if necessary on the outside likewise with a refractory coating.
  • the cooling elements themselves consist of flat curved hollow boxes of about 200-250 mm in thickness, with a water inlet usually provided at the top and a water outlet situated at the bottom.
  • the cooling water passing through the system is caused to flow along a serpentine path by means of horizontal crosspieces provided in mutually offset positions inside the cooling boxes to form baffle-shaped flow channels. It is true that the use of these cooling boxes has enabled the life of the furnace jacket to be considerably increased, but the constructional principle of this cooling system suffers from a number of serious drawbacks.
  • the material, particularly the welds of the elements are subjected by the considerable heat gradient between their sides nearest to the furnace and their outer sides to heavy stresses and to the corresponding latent risk of faults.
  • these cooling elements owing to their geometric construction, involving flat boundary walls of large area, with the attendant risk of deformation, are unsuitable for operation where comparatively high water pressures occur, so that their cooling efficiency remains relatively limited.
  • the interior of these cooling boxes also includes numerous blind angles, particularly in the zone where the water is guided around the free ends of the crosspieces, increasing the risk of eddies and steam bubbles and the resulting local heat accumulation and greater resistance to flow. The higher manufacturing costs are a further disadvantage of these known cooling boxes.
  • the purpose of the invention is to avoid these drawbacks of the prior art by providing a cooled jacket for industrial furnaces which involves only moderate production costs and ensures efficient cooling by providing the most favourable flow conditions for the cooling medium, the geometrical construction selected for the cooling system being that required for maximum mechanical strength.
  • a cooled jacket for electric arc furnaces comprising a plurality of plate-shaped pipe segments, distributed over the periphery of the furnace and consisting of a pipe-to-pipe construction of substantially cylindrical individual pipes, welded together and serving to guide a coolant over a serpentine path, these pipes being embedded in a refractory lining.
  • FIG. 1 is a section through a schematic structure of an arc furnace with a cooled jacket.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a cross-section through the furnace shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an elevational view of a pipe segment for the cooling apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-section through a pipe of the pipe segment shown in FIG. 3, with a system of studding.
  • FIG. 5 is a section, on a larger scale, through the jacket cooling system shown in FIG. 1, with a refractory lining for the cooling elements and with details of the assembly system.
  • FIG. 6 is an elevation of a deflecting cap for two adjacent cooling pipes.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of two adjacent pipe ends prior to the attachment of the deflecting cap shown in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is an elevation of a pipe segment, the cooling pipes being aligned horizontally.
  • FIG. 8a is a plan view of the pipe segment shown in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 9 is a section through the schematic diagram of an arc furnace with cooling segments arranged as in FIG. 8, the cooling pipes being aligned horizontally.
  • FIG. 9a is a plan view of one half of the cross section provided through the furnace of FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through the general structure of an electric arc furnace having a convex base 2 forming a furnace shell and provided with a refractory lining 4 and also having a convex cover 6, likewise provided with a refractory lining 8, electrodes 10 and a gas discharge pipe 12.
  • the feed aperture and also the pouring aperture with spout are omitted from the diagram for the sake of simplicity.
  • the cylindrical casing or wall 14 of the furnace is fitted with cooling elements 16 in the form of pipe segments in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view of the cross-section furnace shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows the even distribution of a suitable number of pipe segments or assemblies 16 over the entire periphery of the furnace. As may be seen from FIG. 2, these pipe segments may be arranged on a cylindrically curved surface, thus fitting the curvature of the casing of the furnace.
  • FIG. 3 provides, on a larger scale, an elevation of a pipe segment 16 with an inlet 18, for the cooling medium, provided at the top, and an outlet 20, for the cooling medium, provided at the bottom. Needless to say, the converse positions may be adopted for the inlet and outlet if regarded as advantageous.
  • the cooling elements or pipe assemblies 16 suggested consist of pipes or pipe lengths 22 arranged side by side in a plane configuration or on a surface in the wall and welded together, each adjacent pair being provided with a cap 24, welded onto them and serving as a deflecting device for the coolant. It follows from the way in which the pipes 22 are aligned in the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 3 that the serpentine path adopted for the coolant takes a vertical direction the pipe lengths being disposed substantially radially of the cylindrical wall.
  • FIG. 3 like FIG. 4 (cross-section through a cooling pipe 22), shows a system of studding 26, of sufficient heat-resisting material, serving to secure the pipe segments in a refractory lining 28 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) of the casing 14 of the furnace.
  • FIG. 5 shows further details of the way in which the pipe segments 16 are mounted in the casing 14 of the furnace.
  • This latter in the version shown, mainly consists of a steel-plate supporting armoring 30 of the shape of a reversed "L", to which the pipe segments 16 are affixed by means of iron spacers 32 and flanges 34 around the coolant inlets and outlets 18 and 20 and also by the aid, for example, of a screw connection 36.
  • the armoring 30 of the casing likewise preferably consists of cylindrically curved segments (not shown) in such a way that each armouring segment forms one complete constructional unit in conjunction with one of the pipe segments.
  • the resulting unit consisting of a casing segment in conjunction with a pipe segment is filled in with refracting material 28, this refractory armoring 28 being made thicker, starting from the pipe segments 16 and preferably towards the interior of the furnace rather than towards the furnace armouring 30, in order to ensure that the temperature gradient will take a more favourable course.
  • the refractory lining 28 comprises portions 38 and 40 of increased cross-section and the bottom and top for forming the transition to the furnace shell 2 and to the furnace cover 6 respectively.
  • these transitional portions 38 and 40 particularly the transition 38 to the furnace shell 2 are exposed to considerable heat and erosion, individual ends of pairs of pipes, interconnected by a deflecting cap 24, can be bent over towards the interior of the furnace, as indicated at 42 and 44 (FIGS. 1 and 5). This measure provides more intensive cooling for the endangered zones 38 and 40.
  • FIG. 6 shows on a larger scale the deflecting caps 24 which are known per se and each of which are tightly welded and interconnect two adjacent pipe ends, in order to effect a 180°--deflection of the coolant, e.g. water or steam.
  • the coolant e.g. water or steam.
  • FIG. 7 shows the cross sectional shape for the pipe ends which is known per se and which the otherwise round pipes 22 acquire as a result of being expanded before the deflecting caps 24 are mounted and welded onto them.
  • FIG. 8 shows a pipe segment 16' in which the cooling pipes 22' are aligned horizontally, i.e. in which the coolant is guided over a horizontal path
  • FIG. 8a is a plan view of a pipe segment 16' of this kind, curved cylindrically in accordance with the curvature of the furnace casing. Pipe lengths of FIG. 8 are thus disposed circumferentially of the cylindrical wall.
  • coolant used may naturally consist not only of water or steam (saturated steam, hot steam) but also of other media, such as inert gases, e.g. helium or nitrogen.
  • FIGS. 9 and 9a show how pipe segments 16' in which the cooling pipes 22' are aligned horizontally are built into a furnace casting.
  • the horizontal path imparted to the coolant in this version of the pipe segment system largely corresponds to that prevailing in the cooling boxes already known and mentioned farther back, but the design now suggested obviates the drawbacks inherent in these cooling boxes as already described.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
US05/969,453 1977-12-19 1978-12-14 Cooled jacket for electric arc furnaces Expired - Lifetime US4206312A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU78707A LU78707A1 (el) 1977-12-19 1977-12-19
LU78707 1977-12-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4206312A true US4206312A (en) 1980-06-03

Family

ID=19728798

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/969,453 Expired - Lifetime US4206312A (en) 1977-12-19 1978-12-14 Cooled jacket for electric arc furnaces

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US4206312A (el)
JP (1) JPS54122610A (el)
AR (1) AR216354A1 (el)
AT (1) AT362801B (el)
BE (1) BE872828A (el)
BR (1) BR7808364A (el)
CH (1) CH627834A5 (el)
DD (1) DD140281A5 (el)
DE (2) DE7837246U1 (el)
DK (1) DK561878A (el)
ES (1) ES476062A1 (el)
FR (1) FR2412044A1 (el)
GB (1) GB2011046B (el)
IT (1) IT1100733B (el)
LU (1) LU78707A1 (el)
NL (1) NL7812158A (el)
NO (1) NO784243L (el)
PL (1) PL113069B1 (el)
SE (1) SE7812991L (el)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4342118A (en) * 1979-01-04 1982-07-27 Clesid S.A. Panel for electric furnace
US4351055A (en) * 1979-04-02 1982-09-21 Benteler Werke Ag Water cooled wall element formed of tubes for melting furnaces
US4458351A (en) * 1981-04-06 1984-07-03 Richards Raymond E Membrane cooling system for metallurgical furnace
US5230617A (en) * 1991-09-25 1993-07-27 Klein Ernst G Furnace shell cooling system
US5564498A (en) * 1994-09-16 1996-10-15 Robatel Device for cooling containments
US5772430A (en) * 1996-02-14 1998-06-30 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa Cooling device with panels for electric arc furnaces
WO2001063193A1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2001-08-30 Amerifab, Inc. Heat exchange pipe with extruded fins
US20050103049A1 (en) * 2002-01-23 2005-05-19 Michel Badie Installation for the very long storage of products that emit a high heat flux
US20090075158A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2009-03-19 Temic Automotive Electric Motors Gmbh Heat Exchanger for an Energy Storage Device
US20140196873A1 (en) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-17 Martin Gmbh Fuer Umwelt- Und Energietechnik Method and device for protecting heat exchanger pipes and a ceramic component
US9017426B2 (en) 2011-11-17 2015-04-28 Gc Technology Limited Interconnected system and method for the purification and recovery of potash
CN107685206A (zh) * 2017-09-29 2018-02-13 蒙城县众鑫电子科技有限公司 二极管高精度焊接炉冷却系统

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2921702C2 (de) * 1979-05-29 1983-10-27 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Elektro-Metallschmelzofen mit Bodenabstich
DE2924991C2 (de) * 1979-06-21 1982-12-23 Ferdinand Lentjes, Dampfkessel- und Maschinenbau, 4000 Düsseldorf Wassergekühltes Ofenwandelement
LU82669A1 (de) * 1980-07-30 1980-10-24 Sidepal Sa Kuehlelement fuer lichtbogenoefen,sowie aus diesen kuehlelementen gebildete lichtbogenofenwand
JPS57146463A (en) * 1981-03-06 1982-09-09 Nippon Steel Corp Manufacture of stave cooler
US4443188A (en) * 1981-05-20 1984-04-17 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Ltd. Liquid cooling arrangement for industrial furnaces
DE3202574C1 (de) * 1982-01-27 1983-02-24 SIDEPAL S.A. Société Industrielle de Participations Luxembourgeoise, Luxembourg Kuehlvorrichtung fuer Wandkonstruktionen und/oder Deckelkonstruktionen von Industrieoefen
US4435814A (en) * 1982-01-29 1984-03-06 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Electric furnace having liquid-cooled vessel walls
AT377602B (de) * 1982-04-29 1985-04-10 Sidepal Sa Kuehlvorrichtung fuer wandkonstruktionen und/oder deckelkonstruktionen von industrieoefen, insbesondere elektrolichtbogenoefen
IT1175125B (it) * 1983-09-19 1987-07-01 Impianti Industriali Spa Pannello raffreddato per forni
DE19545984B4 (de) * 1995-12-09 2005-02-10 Sms Demag Ag Kühlplatte für Schmelzöfen
SE9504444D0 (sv) * 1995-12-12 1995-12-12 Essge Systemteknik Ab Panel

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1929444A (en) * 1929-07-17 1933-10-10 Murray Heat conducting element
US1970585A (en) * 1931-08-11 1934-08-21 Fuller Lehigh Co Furnace
US3652070A (en) * 1968-10-22 1972-03-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Cooling assembly for blast furnace shells
US3829595A (en) * 1972-01-25 1974-08-13 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Electric direct-arc furnace
US3843106A (en) * 1972-04-28 1974-10-22 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Furnace
US4097679A (en) * 1976-01-09 1978-06-27 Sankyo Special Steel Co., Ltd. Side wall of the ultra high power electric arc furnaces for steelmaking
US4119792A (en) * 1976-07-16 1978-10-10 Korf-Stahl Ag. Melting furnace

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB490454A (en) * 1935-12-18 1938-08-16 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Improvements in tubular metal structures
US2697598A (en) * 1953-06-16 1954-12-21 United States Steel Corp Cooling means for blast furnace walls
US2805851A (en) * 1953-11-23 1957-09-10 Becker Ernst Temperature regulating means for furnaces
FR1113855A (fr) * 1954-10-21 1956-04-05 Meehanite Metal Corp Revêtement pour cubilot
US3339904A (en) * 1964-09-17 1967-09-05 Koppers Co Inc Support structure for a water-cooled cupola furnace
DE2032829A1 (en) * 1970-07-02 1972-01-05 Klöckner-Werke AG, 4100 Duisburg Blast furnace - coil type cooling element
US3674248A (en) * 1970-10-09 1972-07-04 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Closed end tuyere coil
FR2336648A1 (fr) * 1975-12-24 1977-07-22 Sofresid Plaque de refroidissement pour fours a cuves, notamment pour hauts-fourneaux

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1929444A (en) * 1929-07-17 1933-10-10 Murray Heat conducting element
US1970585A (en) * 1931-08-11 1934-08-21 Fuller Lehigh Co Furnace
US3652070A (en) * 1968-10-22 1972-03-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Cooling assembly for blast furnace shells
US3829595A (en) * 1972-01-25 1974-08-13 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Electric direct-arc furnace
US3843106A (en) * 1972-04-28 1974-10-22 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Furnace
US4097679A (en) * 1976-01-09 1978-06-27 Sankyo Special Steel Co., Ltd. Side wall of the ultra high power electric arc furnaces for steelmaking
US4119792A (en) * 1976-07-16 1978-10-10 Korf-Stahl Ag. Melting furnace

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4342118A (en) * 1979-01-04 1982-07-27 Clesid S.A. Panel for electric furnace
US4351055A (en) * 1979-04-02 1982-09-21 Benteler Werke Ag Water cooled wall element formed of tubes for melting furnaces
US4458351A (en) * 1981-04-06 1984-07-03 Richards Raymond E Membrane cooling system for metallurgical furnace
US5230617A (en) * 1991-09-25 1993-07-27 Klein Ernst G Furnace shell cooling system
US5564498A (en) * 1994-09-16 1996-10-15 Robatel Device for cooling containments
US5772430A (en) * 1996-02-14 1998-06-30 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa Cooling device with panels for electric arc furnaces
WO2001063193A1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2001-08-30 Amerifab, Inc. Heat exchange pipe with extruded fins
US20050103049A1 (en) * 2002-01-23 2005-05-19 Michel Badie Installation for the very long storage of products that emit a high heat flux
US7185512B2 (en) * 2002-01-23 2007-03-06 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Installation for the very long storage of products that emit a high heat flux
US20090075158A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2009-03-19 Temic Automotive Electric Motors Gmbh Heat Exchanger for an Energy Storage Device
US8105708B2 (en) * 2006-04-19 2012-01-31 Temic Automotive Electric Motors Gmbh Heat exchanger for an energy storage device
US9017426B2 (en) 2011-11-17 2015-04-28 Gc Technology Limited Interconnected system and method for the purification and recovery of potash
US20140196873A1 (en) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-17 Martin Gmbh Fuer Umwelt- Und Energietechnik Method and device for protecting heat exchanger pipes and a ceramic component
US10520266B2 (en) * 2013-01-14 2019-12-31 Martin Gmbh Fuer Umwelt- Und Energietechnik Method and device for protecting heat exchanger pipes and a ceramic component
CN107685206A (zh) * 2017-09-29 2018-02-13 蒙城县众鑫电子科技有限公司 二极管高精度焊接炉冷却系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2412044A1 (fr) 1979-07-13
GB2011046A (en) 1979-07-04
DE2854306A1 (de) 1979-06-21
DE7837246U1 (de) 1980-04-24
SE7812991L (sv) 1979-06-20
BE872828A (fr) 1979-03-30
PL211889A1 (pl) 1979-08-27
BR7808364A (pt) 1979-08-07
AR216354A1 (es) 1979-12-14
GB2011046B (en) 1982-05-26
DK561878A (da) 1979-06-20
IT7830963A0 (it) 1978-12-18
IT1100733B (it) 1985-09-28
JPS54122610A (en) 1979-09-22
PL113069B1 (en) 1980-11-29
ES476062A1 (es) 1979-06-16
NO784243L (no) 1979-06-20
AT362801B (de) 1981-06-25
LU78707A1 (el) 1978-06-21
ATA896278A (de) 1980-11-15
CH627834A5 (fr) 1982-01-29
NL7812158A (nl) 1979-06-21
DD140281A5 (de) 1980-02-20

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