US4156568A - Photographic sheet positioner for film processor - Google Patents

Photographic sheet positioner for film processor Download PDF

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Publication number
US4156568A
US4156568A US05/841,888 US84188877A US4156568A US 4156568 A US4156568 A US 4156568A US 84188877 A US84188877 A US 84188877A US 4156568 A US4156568 A US 4156568A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sheet
cassette
film
processor
print
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US05/841,888
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English (en)
Inventor
Herman E. Erikson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polaroid Corp
Original Assignee
Polaroid Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Polaroid Corp filed Critical Polaroid Corp
Priority to US05/841,888 priority Critical patent/US4156568A/en
Priority to DE2844160A priority patent/DE2844160A1/de
Priority to CH1057178A priority patent/CH638628A5/de
Priority to JP53125669A priority patent/JPS6021379B2/ja
Priority to GB7840284A priority patent/GB2006467B/en
Priority to CA000313266A priority patent/CA1119034A/fr
Priority to IT28742/78A priority patent/IT1099906B/it
Priority to FR7829284A priority patent/FR2406223B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4156568A publication Critical patent/US4156568A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03D9/00—Diffusion development apparatus
    • G03D9/02—Diffusion development apparatus using rupturable ampoules of liquid

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for mating an exposed photographic film sheet with a photographic print sheet, and for presenting the mated pair of sheets to a photographic processor.
  • the photographic sheets are of the self-developing type.
  • the invention is particularly useful with large format photographic sheets, for example photographic sheets with an eight inch by ten inch format.
  • the conventional practice has been to introduce the print sheet to the cassette, and the processor withdraws the aligned sheets from the cassette.
  • One prior practice uses a multi-sheet film assembly that includes both the film and the print sheets for simultaneous loading into the cassette.
  • Another prior practice employs a print sheet which is a separate element from the film sheet and the operator feeds the print sheet into the cassette subsequent to exposure of the film sheet. In both instances, the sheets are selectively positioned within the cassette, which is then presented to the processor.
  • the use of a multi-sheet film assembly lacks flexibility in film selection, is not readily suited for X-ray use, and tends to be more costly than the use of separate sheet elements.
  • the film cassette which the above-identified concurrently-filed application describes houses a photographic film sheet for X-ray exposure but within a light-tight enclosure for daylight handling. Only a forward tab, a leader and an adjoining lead portion, of the film sheet are outwardly accessible. It is desired to transfer the exposed film sheet from the cassette to a presently-available processor in day-light, i.e., without darkroom protection. As required previously, the transfer is to be in conjunction with a print sheet.
  • a specific object is to provide positioning apparatus of the above character which readily aligns the cassette-housed film sheet with a print sheet.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide positioning apparatus of the above character for use with commercially-available processor units without refitting them.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide positioning apparatus having the foregoing features which as an optional additional feature, automatically operates film clamping mechanism within the cassette to release the film sheet for ready withdrawal from the cassette and transfer into the processor.
  • a self-developing photographic film of large format can be exposed, either to visible light or to X-rays, whichever the case may be, and immediately processed, all within minutes.
  • the handling of the film and print sheets is minimal and facile, and hence essentially without delay.
  • a film sheet positioner attains the foregoing and other objects by providing a tray for receiving the print sheet and positioning the forward end in a slide ramp.
  • a locator resiliently bears against the forward end of the print sheet within the slide ramp to releasably restrain forward movement of the print sheet and to locate the print sheet in a selected plane.
  • a guide passage receives the forward end of a cassette and guides the cassette to introduce a projecting forward tab of a film sheet therein to the slide ramp.
  • the locator directs the film tab into engagement with the print sheet in the slide ramp.
  • the leading forward end of the print sheet has a flap folded back on the sheet and is slotted at the fold. The locator directs the tab of the film sheet under the flap and through the slot to project forward of the print sheet.
  • the positioner seats the cassette with the film sheet aligned along the slide ramp.
  • the film sheet tab is then accessible for engagement between processing rollers, for withdrawal of the film sheet from the cassette and transfer of both sheets together, in registration, into the processing nip of the rollers.
  • the invention also provides, as an option, an actuator for releasing a clamp mechanism within the film cassette.
  • a releasable clamp mechanism is commonly provided in a large format film cassette for selective engagement with the film sheet, for example to ensure precise location of the film sheet at a selected film plane.
  • Such a clamping mechanism typically has a release position for use during loading of the film sheet, is thereafter transferred to a clamping position, and is returned to the release position for removal of the film sheet.
  • the optional actuator which the invention provides on the positioner automatically engages the clamp mechanism to transfer it to the release position.
  • an operator readies the positioner of one embodiment for use by plugging it into a conventional processor of self-developing film, and places a print sheet in a tray of the positioner. After exposure of a film sheet in a cassette, the operator inserts the cassette onto the processor. With this motion, the positioner automatically guides the forward-projecting tab of the film sheet into engagement with the print sheet and aligns the two sheets for simultaneous transfer to the processor. The entire operation can be done in open light and without special skills or training.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of a sheet positioner embodying the invention operatively mounted on a processor;
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified view in longitudinal section of the positioner and processor as shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 1A is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a pictorial showing of the operation of the positioner with a print sheet and a cassette carrying a film sheet;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of the positioner shown in FIG. 1 including an inset showing a detail of a latch;
  • FIG. 4A is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 5 is a view in longitudinal section of the positioner shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines 6--6 of FIG. 3.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a positioner 10 according to the invention mounted on a conventional processor 12 of self-developing film.
  • the processor is of the type commercially available from Polaroid Corporation under the designation 8 ⁇ 10 Land Film Processor and is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,019,194.
  • FIG. 2 shows the processor with a film chamber 14 in the operative position; the chamber hinges over the processor as shown in FIG. 1 to form part of the housing 16.
  • the processor housing 16 mounts a pair of processing rollers 18 and 20. These rollers engage photographic sheets presented to the processor at an entry 22 and draw them along a processing path which discharges them to the chamber 14, from which an operator removes the resultant photographic product.
  • the processor housing includes an outwardly-projecting shelf 24 having a flat upper surface 26 that leads to the entry 22.
  • the shelf has an outwardly-facing end wall 28 and has longitudinally-extending steps 30 and 32 extending along each side of the shelf surface 26.
  • the entry 22 is thus of general rectangular configuration defined by the stepped sides and the flat surface 26 opposite a flat roof 34.
  • the processor 12 typically also has detent-engaging latching -protrusion 22a on each side of the entry 22.
  • the illustrated positioner 10 engages the processor elements 22, 24, 26 28, 30, 32 and 34 to attach to the processor and to seal the entry 22 from light.
  • the positioner is a tray-like device for seating a film cassette 36 in registration above a print sheet 38. Insertion of the cassette into seated engagement with the positioner feeds a forward tab and a leader of the film sheet 42 therein into engagement with the print sheet 38.
  • the positioner presents the inter-engaged sheets 38 and 42 to the processor for engagement and forward transport by the rollers 18 and 20.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cassette 36 and a print sheet 38 and illustrates this operation of the positioner with the film and print sheets.
  • the illustrated print sheet 38 is shown disposed flat, as it is in the normal disposition of the positioner.
  • the sheet for the purposes of the present invention, is a large format photographic sheet with a forward leader having a fold 44 at the forward end and, in the middle of the sheet, a slot 46 aperturing the sheet at the crease which forms the fold 44.
  • the photographic elements and structure of the sheet 38 are described further in the above-noted concurrently-filed application and, by way of illustration, can be the Polaroid Corporation type 808 film product.
  • the cassette 36 has a flat box-like configuration, as also detailed in the above-noted concurrently-filed application, and houses a large format film sheet 42 which has, located outside the cassette, a forward leader 48 from which a flat tab 50 extends at the middle of the sheet.
  • the positioner guides the tab 50 and the leader 48 along a path 52 shown in FIG. 3 to pass under the fold 44 of the print sheet. It guides the tab further to pass through the slot 46 to protrude beyond the print sheet as shown dotted in FIG. 3.
  • the film sheet 42 is now engaged with the print sheet 38, and a forward pull, further along the path 52, on the film sheet tab will bring both sheets forward together. This is the action which the processor 12 rollers carry out.
  • the cassette 36 extends longitudinally in a direction parallel to the direction in which it is inserted into the positioner 10, as well as to the direction in which the film sheets advance upon being drawn into the processor.
  • the cassette 36 which FIG. 3 illustrates has, in addition, holes 54 and 56 at the front end along the lateral sides.
  • an actuator of the positioner projects into each hole to release a film-clamping mechanism including a pair of longitudinally slidable operating rods one of which is shown at 200 operatively connected to cam surfaces 202a, 202b, 202c as shown in FIG. 6 for relieving a clamping pressure on the film sheet 42 in the cassette and thereby releasing the film sheet 42 for ready removal from the cassette.
  • the positioner 10 has a tray-like body 58 with a bottom panel 60 that is flat inside and flat outside, except for a step 62 extending from side-to-side and which abuts the processor end wall 28 when the positioner is mounted on the processor.
  • An upwardly-canted frontal lip 64 projects forward from the bottom panel 60; there is a further step at the juncture of the panel with the lip.
  • Opposed sidewalls 66 and 68 extend along the length of the bottom panel of the processor body. The inner surfaces of the sidewalls are stepped to form shelves 70 and 72, respectively, raised above the inner surface of the bottom panel 60.
  • the inwardly-flat bottom panel 60 and the shelf-forming steps form a positioner slide tray 74 that receives the print sheet 38.
  • the bottom and side walls of the slide tray locate the print sheet and further elements discussed below limit the forward positioning of the print sheet in the slide tray and hold the frontal end of the print sheet down into the bottom panel and lip 64.
  • a dividing panel 76 spans between the sidewall steps along approximately the forward half of the processor body 58 and hence over the forward portion of the slide tray 74.
  • a stiffly-resilient sheet 78 fitted with a light-shielding fabric-like pile 80 spans between the sidewalls along the back edge of the dividing panel.
  • the dividing panel, the resilient sheet and the pile 80 are optically absorbent (non-reflective and black in color) and form the bottom wall of a light tunnel which seals light from the film sheet during the transfer from the cassette to the rollers of the processor.
  • the positioner 10 receives the forward end of a cassette 36 within a guide passage 82 and seats the fully-inserted cassette directly above the slide tray 74, as FIG. 1 shows.
  • the cassette rests on the shelves 70, 72 and is contained between the sidewalls 66, 68; it thus is positioned above the dividing panel 76, sheet 78 and fabric pile 80.
  • a stop 84, 86 projects inward from each sidewall 66, 68, respectively, at the forward end of the body 58 and stops 88, 90 project similarly at the back end. These stops abut the front and the back edges of the seated cassette (FIG. 1).
  • the guide passage 82 is formed by the sidewalls 66 and 68, the shelves 70, 72 and a cover 92.
  • the cover 92 spans between and is secured to the sidewalls and is internally dimensioned to constrain the cassette to rest on the shelves 70, 72.
  • the outside of the illustrated cover flares upward to dispose a forwardly-projecting cover lip 94 nested under the roof 34 of the processor entry 22 when the positioner is mounted on the processor as in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a light-sealing fabric pile 95 is provided on the underside of the cover 92, along the back edge thereof, to seal against the top of a cassette 36 seated in the positioner 10.
  • the positioner 10 thus seals the processor entry 22 from light, and provides a light-tight passage for the transport of a film sheet from a cassette seated therein to the processor rollers.
  • the cover 92 with the lip that interfits under the processor entry roof and with the sealing pile 95, form the top elements of the light-tight barrier.
  • Frontal edges of the positioner sidewalls 66 and 68, which interfit within the processor entry, form the sides of the light-shielding barrier; and the bottom elements of the light barrier include the frontal lip 64 of the positioner body, the dividing panel 76, and the resilient sheet 78 with the sealing pile 80.
  • all surfaces which might reflect light toward the interior of the positioner or the processor entry preferably have a non-reflective light-absorbing paint or other coating.
  • a significant further element of the positioner 10 is a locator 96 that, as noted above, releasably restrains the forward position of a print sheet 38 in the slide tray 74, and that, upon insertion of a cassette 36, guides the leader 48 and the tab 50 of the film sheet 42 therein under the print sheet fold 44, as discussed above with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the illustrated locator shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, has two sets of fingers 98 and 100 which extend downward from the roof 92. Fingers 98, which in the illustrated embodiment are at each side of the slide tray 74, extend across the path of a print sheet at the front of the slide tray to just beyond and below the frontal lip 64.
  • Each finger terminates with a downwardly-angled hoe-like blade 102 which is thus disposed forward of the lip 64 and extends below it.
  • the blade of each finger 98 catches the leading edge of the print sheet being inserted into the slide tray 74 and resists further forward movement of the sheet. Upon feeling this resistance, the operator knows that the print sheet is fully inserted in the slide tray. However, upon further forward urging of the print sheet, as by the processor rollers, the fingers 98 flex sufficiently and yield to release the engagement with the print sheet.
  • the fingers 100 which resiliently bear against the bottom of the slide tray 74, are located between the fingers 98 and hence along the mid-region of the slide tray 74. These fingers are positioned to bear on a print sheet 38, when fully inserted in the slide tray, just behind the fold 44.
  • the print sheet typically has a rupturable pod of processing fluid located directly behind the fold 44, and then the fingers 100 bear on it.
  • they position the leading edge of the print sheet downwardly against the slide tray and they deflect and guide the tab 50 and the leader 48 of the film sheet to enter the fold 44, as described above with reference to FIG. 3. They also direct the forward leading edges of the mated print and film sheets toward the nip of the processor rollers.
  • a single plate of stiffly-resilient synthetic sheet provides all the fingers 98 and 100 of the locator 96.
  • the sheet is secured to the inside of the roof 92 and is cut and creased to form the several fingers, with the blades 102, as shown.
  • FIG. 4 shows in detail one of two latches 104 on the positioner 10 which secure it to the processor 12.
  • Each illustrated latch 104 has a cantilevered-spring detent 106 secured to the sidewall 66, 68 at the forward end of the tray-like body 58.
  • Each detent projects normally outward from the sidewall, but is deflectable inward, into a sidewall recess, against the resilient force of the cantilever spring.
  • each latch 104 Upon full mounting engagement of the positioner body with a processor as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each latch 104 seats behind a protrusion 22a present on the processor 12 along the sidewall of the entry 22, as the inset of FIG. 1 shows.
  • the snap-like engagement of the positioner latching detent with a mating latching protrustion of the process secures the two mechanisms in the desired operative alignment.
  • the mounting engagement is, however, readily releasable upon application of a sharp force directed to separate the positioner 10 from the processor 12.
  • the illustrated positioner 10 has an optional feature that releases a film-clamping mechanism in a film cassette.
  • the clamping mechanism has a release position in which it is essentially free from engagement with a film sheet being loaded into or removed from the cassette.
  • the clamping mechanism is movable to a clamping position, where it presses the film sheet to enhance intimate and continuous abutment of the sheet with a phosphorescent screen, and to enhance attaining a flat film sheet configuration fixed at the film plane.
  • the cassette 36 shown in FIG. 3 includes such a clamping mechanism which is placed in the release position by means of actuating pins which enter the cassette holes 54, 56 (FIG. 3). This can be the sole actuator for releasing the clamping mechanism, or it can be a secondary, backup release actuating mechanism, as desired.
  • the positioner 10 has an actuator for placing such a cassette-housed film sheet-clamping mechanism in the release position.
  • the actuator is structured as an actuating pin 108 mounted on the tray-like body 58 in the cassette-receiving guide passage 82. Each pin extends longitudinally backward, i.e. toward a direction from which a cassette is loaded into the positioner.
  • Each pin 108 is fixed on one stop 84, 86 and accordingly is located directly above one shelf 70, 72.
  • An operator uses the positioner 10 by mountingly fitting it onto a processor 12 in the manner shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and with the detent-type latch 104 (FIG. 4) snapping into mating engagement with elements of the processor.
  • a print sheet 38 (FIG. 3) is placed on the slide tray 74 with the forward edge engaged under the fingers 98 of the locator 96. The print sheet can be loaded into the slide tray prior to mounting the positioner onto a processor or thereafter, as this operation is independent of the mounting of the positioner onto a processor.
  • a cassette 36 (FIG. 3) can likewise be seated onto the positioner 10 independent of whether the positioner is mounted on a processor 12, but in most instances it is more convenient to load the cassette after the positioner is mounted on a processor.
  • the cassette is seated only after a print sheet is positioned in the slide tray 74.
  • the cassette 36 is seated by first making certain that the forward tab 50 and forward leader 48 (FIG. 3) of the film sheet 42 therein are projecting forward from the cassette.
  • the cassette is then inserted into the positioner guide passage 82 with the film sheet tab and leader forward, i.e. directed toward the processor 12.
  • actuator pins 108 When actuator pins 108 are employed, they enter the corresponding cassette holes 54, 56 (FIG. 3) during the final cassette-inserting movement and thereby place the cassette clamping mechanism in the release position upon the final inserting motion of the cassette.
  • the film sheet 42 therein is fully engaged, and in registered alignment, with the print sheet 38.
  • the clamping mechanism in the cassette is released, so that the pair of inter-engaged mated sheets 38, 42 is ready for withdrawal into the processor 12.
  • the cassette can be removed from the positioner for reloading and further use. Similarly, the positioner is immediately ready for reloading with a fresh print sheet and another film sheet-bearing cassette.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photographic Developing Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Sheets, Magazines, And Separation Thereof (AREA)
  • Radiography Using Non-Light Waves (AREA)
US05/841,888 1977-10-13 1977-10-13 Photographic sheet positioner for film processor Expired - Lifetime US4156568A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/841,888 US4156568A (en) 1977-10-13 1977-10-13 Photographic sheet positioner for film processor
DE2844160A DE2844160A1 (de) 1977-10-13 1978-10-10 Blattanleger fuer photographische behandlungsvorrichtungen
CH1057178A CH638628A5 (de) 1977-10-13 1978-10-11 Blattanleger fuer belichtetes filmblatt.
GB7840284A GB2006467B (en) 1977-10-13 1978-10-12 Positioning and loading apparatus for selfdeveloping film sheet
JP53125669A JPS6021379B2 (ja) 1977-10-13 1978-10-12 フイルム・シ−トとプリント・シ−トを整合して処理装置に供給する供給装置
CA000313266A CA1119034A (fr) 1977-10-13 1978-10-12 Dispositif de positionnement de feuilles photographiques pour appareil de developpement de films
IT28742/78A IT1099906B (it) 1977-10-13 1978-10-13 Apparecchio per posizionare un foglio fotografico su un complesso per processo fotografico
FR7829284A FR2406223B1 (fr) 1977-10-13 1978-10-13 Dispositif de positionnement de feuilles photographiques pour dispositif de traitement de films photographiques

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/841,888 US4156568A (en) 1977-10-13 1977-10-13 Photographic sheet positioner for film processor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4156568A true US4156568A (en) 1979-05-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/841,888 Expired - Lifetime US4156568A (en) 1977-10-13 1977-10-13 Photographic sheet positioner for film processor

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4156568A (fr)
JP (1) JPS6021379B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1119034A (fr)
CH (1) CH638628A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE2844160A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2406223B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2006467B (fr)
IT (1) IT1099906B (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4200384A (en) * 1979-01-02 1980-04-29 Polaroid Corporation Photographic apparatus for coupling together elements of a self-developing film unit
US4239366A (en) * 1978-04-18 1980-12-16 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Daylight unloading system for microfiche casettes
US4249818A (en) * 1979-12-31 1981-02-10 Polaroid Corporation Cassette receiving apparatus for use with large format film processor
US4303327A (en) * 1980-11-03 1981-12-01 Polaroid Corporation Film cassette with pressure plate assembly latching system
US4365793A (en) * 1979-11-06 1982-12-28 Oldelft Corporation Of America Sheet film feeder
US4534053A (en) * 1982-04-19 1985-08-06 Polaroid Corporation Apparatus for exchanging an intensifying screen and a negative in a film packet

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3854812A (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-12-17 Polaroid Corp Photographic processor for large format film units
US3896469A (en) * 1973-11-08 1975-07-22 Teledyne Inc Portable radiographic film processing apparatus
US4019194A (en) * 1975-12-08 1977-04-19 Polaroid Corporation Photographic apparatus for processing large format, self-developing film unit

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3788205A (en) * 1972-05-12 1974-01-29 Polaroid Corp Photographic apparatus and system for processing large format, self-developing film unit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3854812A (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-12-17 Polaroid Corp Photographic processor for large format film units
US3896469A (en) * 1973-11-08 1975-07-22 Teledyne Inc Portable radiographic film processing apparatus
US4019194A (en) * 1975-12-08 1977-04-19 Polaroid Corporation Photographic apparatus for processing large format, self-developing film unit

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4239366A (en) * 1978-04-18 1980-12-16 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Daylight unloading system for microfiche casettes
US4200384A (en) * 1979-01-02 1980-04-29 Polaroid Corporation Photographic apparatus for coupling together elements of a self-developing film unit
US4365793A (en) * 1979-11-06 1982-12-28 Oldelft Corporation Of America Sheet film feeder
US4249818A (en) * 1979-12-31 1981-02-10 Polaroid Corporation Cassette receiving apparatus for use with large format film processor
US4303327A (en) * 1980-11-03 1981-12-01 Polaroid Corporation Film cassette with pressure plate assembly latching system
US4534053A (en) * 1982-04-19 1985-08-06 Polaroid Corporation Apparatus for exchanging an intensifying screen and a negative in a film packet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2006467A (en) 1979-05-02
IT7828742A0 (it) 1978-10-13
JPS6021379B2 (ja) 1985-05-27
FR2406223A1 (fr) 1979-05-11
CA1119034A (fr) 1982-03-02
FR2406223B1 (fr) 1985-09-06
JPS5478131A (en) 1979-06-22
DE2844160A1 (de) 1979-04-19
IT1099906B (it) 1985-09-28
GB2006467B (en) 1982-03-17
CH638628A5 (de) 1983-09-30

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