US4151A - Am photu litho cd n y - Google Patents

Description

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ANGUS MCKINNON, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

DOOR-LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 4,151, dated August 16, 1845.

T0 all whom t may concern Be it known that I, ANGUs MCKINNON, of the city of New York, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manner of Constructino- Locks for Doors; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.`

In my lock, there may be any desired number of tumblers, which are to be lifted by the bit of the key to a definite height before the bolt of the lock can be moved out or in. These tumblers work on a joint pin afixed to the box of the lock, in the rear of the bolt, being similar in their arrangement and action to such as have been previously, and frequently, employed. In the lock represented in the accompanying drawings there are supposed to be three such tumblers. In combination with the tumblers above referred to I use another, called by me a pressure tmbler, which has its fulcrum, or joint pin, on the bolt itself. This tumbler lies directly on the bolt, the others being placed above it on their own fulcrum pin. The bolt and its t-umblers are placed at a greater height above the key-hole than with keys of the ordinary construction, but that used by me is so formed as that in turning it around in the lock the bit is expanded, or elongated, by means of a revolving ring operating eccent-rically. l

Surrounding the pin which receives the barrel of the key I place what I call a revolving box, or drum, which is cylindrical, and has a key-hole, or key-holes, through it which correspond'with the key-hole in the cap plate, so that the key may enter them, and carry said box around with it as it is turned. The revolving box, or drum, I have represented as a hollow cylinder, the depth, or thickness, of which is equal to the width of the bit of the key; but a solid disk of the same thickness, and hvaing a key-hole through it would produce a like result, but it would be objectionable on account of its weight. The key-hole through this disk, or drum, is open at its outer end to admit of the elongation of the expanding bit.

Figures 6, 7, and 8, in the accompanying drawing, represent di'erent views of the interior of my lock, and the other figures show the key, and some other parts in detail. In each of these figures, the same parts are designated by the 4saine letters of reference. Figs. 6, and 7, are direct views of the interior to be removed for the purpose of showing parts that would otherwise be hidden by them. rIhe part marked c, is a flat ring that lies on the lock plate, and embraces a circular piece o, fastened to said plate, and round which the` ring c, may move freely. 'Ihe piece c', is eccentric to the pin d, which receives the barrel of the key. On the ring c, there is a pin, e, which may rise to the height of an eighth of an inch, more or less; this pin is to enter a hole in the bottom side of the bit of the key, which is seen in Fig. 3, and in Fig. a. key, with all that portion colored blue in the drawings thereof, slide back and forth on, and within, the part colored yellow, and the sliding part will be carried out, and the bit expanded, or elongated, during half its revolution by the eccentric action of the ring c, and will be retracted during the return of the key to the key-hole.

In Figs. l, and 3, the sliding part is shown as when not protruded; in Figs. 2,. and 4, as fully protruded. Fig. 5, 'is an end view of the key, when the sliding part is removed; Fig. a, is a view of the sliding part when detached; a', an end View of it, and a, a bottom view, the same as shown in Fig. 8.

To check the revolving ring c, and keep it in place, a piece j", attached to a spring f, f, rises into a notch in said ring, but is pressed below it by the bit., when the key is entered.

The lock bolt is shown at Z, Z; and k, is what I denominate the pressure tumbler; this tumbler works on the pin, g, attached to the bolt, and it has on it a small stud i, that rises to such height as is equal to the thickness of the respective' tumblers, m, is a spring acting on a pin, n, on the bolt, and forcing the tumbler down; 0, is the fulcrum pin of the ordinary tumbleris; h, is the locking stump, passing through a suitable slot, or opening, in the pressure tumbler, and through openings in the ordinary tumbler.

In Fig. 7 all the parts constituting the interior-of the lock are shown in place, the cap plate only being removed; Z2, is the revolving box, shown in section in Fig. b, and in a direct view in Fig. b; g, g, are the ordinary tumblers, placed on their fulcrum pin o, and forced down by springs, p.

rIhis part of the bit of the ioo The ends lof the bit of the key are so formed as to raise the respective tumblers to the required height, and when in this position openings, s, in all theordinary tumblers coincide so as to allow the stump i, sit-uated on the pressure tumbler, to pass through them as the bolt is retracted in unlocking; the pressure tumbler, with its stump 7l, passing back with the bolt to which it is attached; and the locking stump, in, at the same time passing along the openings, r, in the ordinary tumblers. On the ends of each of the ordinary tumblers, I form projecting points, t, t, and should any improper pressure be put on the bolt for the purpose of opening it, the stump fl, in the pressure tumbler will enter between these points, the effect 'of which will be that on attempt-ing to raise any one of the tumblers they will all rise together, the pressure tumbler having a vertical motion along with the ordinary tumblers, as well as its own horizontal motion, with the bolt; no indication, therefore, can be obtained of any one of the tumblers being lifted to the proper height for the assing of the stumps, 72 and z', as they are all liftedy together.

Having thus fully described the manner in which I construct my lock, and explained the operation of the respective parts thereof, I do hereby declare that I do not claim to be the inventor of akey with an expanding bit, drawn out by an eccentric, this having been before used; nor do I claim the employment of a series of tumblers,or levers, which are to be raised to different heights by the key bit, these being also well known; but

What I do claim as constituting my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

l. The particular manner in which I have combined and arranged certain parts of my lock, by which combination and arrangement a new and useful effect is produced; that is to say, I claim the manner in which I have combined the key having an expanding bit, with the revolving box, or drum, the latter being equal in thickness to the bit of the key, and having a key-hole through it by which it is turned with the key, in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

2. I 'claim the manner in which I have combined what I denominate the pressure tumbler carrying the stump, i, with the ordinary tumblers; the pressure tumbler having its fulcrum pin on the lock bolts, and the ordinary tumblers their fulcrum pin attached to the boX of the lock, and also having their fore ends provided with projecting teeth t, t, for the stump z', to act upon, in the manner and under the conditions set forth; the whole arrangement and operation being substantially the same with those herein described.

ANGUS MCKINNON.

Witnesses:

DUNCAN TURNER, BENJAMIN DAvIEs.

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