US405708A - Reed-organ - Google Patents

Description

(N9 Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. JANES.

REED ORGAN.

No. 405,708. Patented June 25, 1889.

W/TN 8: INVENTOH:

ATTORNEYS.

N. PETERS PholwLitho n h-r, Wuhmgwn. D, C.

H. JANES.

REED ORGAN.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

No. 405,708. Patented June 25,1889.

INVENTOH:

A TTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY JANES, OF \VATERBURY, VERMONT.

REED-ORGAN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 405,708, dated June 25, 1889.

Application filed August 16, 1888.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be itknown that I, HENRY JANEs, of Waterbury, in the county of WVashington and State of Vermont, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Organs, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide certain new and useful improvements in organs, whereby a very clear and full tone is obtained.

Theinvention consists of a resonating-channel and of short tubes opening into the said channel, but which are not tuned, and each of which is provided with an eschallot, over which operates a reed secured to the tube.

The invention also consists of certain parts and details and combinations of the same, as will be fully described hereinafter, and then pointed out in the claims.

Referenceis to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,- in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of the improvement without a resonating-channel. Fig. 2 is a like view of the same with a resonating-chann'el. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional side elevation of one of the reed-tubes. Fig. 4 is a front View of the same. Fig. 5 is a sectional side elevation of a modified form of the same. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the same. Fig. 7 is a face view of one of the blanks for forming the tube, and Fig. 8 is a front view of the tube after being formed from the blank.

The improved organ is provided with a number of reed-tubes A, each of which consists of a short tube B, either square or cylindrical in cross-section, and of uniform or expanding caliber. Each tube B is preferably made of a sheet-metal blank B, (shown in Fig. '7 and bent into the shape shown in Fig. 8. The tube B is open at its upper end and provided near its lower end with an eschallot C, over which operates the vibrating reed D, secured by screws or other suitable means to the said tube B. The reed D operates either on the inside or outside of the tube B over the eschallot 0, according to the kind of bellows used, and either the fixed or the free end Serial No. 282,877. (No model.)

of the reed may extend toward the open end of the tube.

As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the reed D is placed on the outside of the eschallot C and pressure-bellows are used therewith. In the modification shown in Figs. 5 and 6 the reed D is on the inside of the eschallot C and suction-bellows are used.

In applying the reed -tubes to cabinetorgans 1 fasten the tube A in the wind-chest E inany suitable manner, so that the upper open end of the tube extends to the outside of the organ and is closed by a valve F, operated in the usual manner by the key G. In the wind-chest E are held the usual valves or mutes H, opened and closed in any suitable manner from the registers I. WVhen pressure-bellows are used in connection with the organ shown in Fig. 1, and the valves or mutes H are open, the wind entering the windchest E passes through the vibrating reeds D in the tubes A, and produces a sound which is in accordance with the length and position of the respective reed D soon as the valves or pallets F are opened. hen suction-bellows are used, the wind is drawn through the tube B over the reed D, which is then vibrated and the sound is produced by the wind passing over the reed through the eschallot C to the outside.

It is understood that the reed-tubes such as above described have no relation to the reed pipes such as are used in the ordinary pipeorgans, in which beating-reeds are adapted to pipes long enough to contain a column of air which will sound in unison with the reeds. In order to produce with such a reed-pipe the lowest 0 in the pedal-bass of asmall churchorgan the pipe must be about sixteen feet long, while the tubes of my improvement are provided with free vibrating reeds, are not tuned, and are only a few inches long.

The tones of the reed-tubes maybe considerably strengthened and improved by placing the tubes so that they open into deep and large channels .T, instead of directly into the swell-box or on the outside of the organ. These channels J act as resonating-chambers, and are each provided with two inclined and parallel ends J and J as plainly shown in Fig. 2. In the top of each channel J is the key G.

formed a wind-vent J closed by a valve or pallet F, operated in the usual manner by Each channel is closed on all sides, and the open ends of the reed-tubes are inserted into holes made in the bottom at or near one end of the said channel, the windvent J being formed at the opposite end in the top. If preferred, the channels may be inverted or placed vertically and the reedtubes horizontally, so as to be more easily aceessible through a door at the back side of the windchest, or, it desirable, in order to save space, they may be bent.

The channels .1 are larger, longer, and have greater wind-vents for the lower notes, and gradually diminish in size for the higher notes. They may be rectangular, cylindrical, ovoidal, or of other forms. The sound-waves are twice reflected in the channels figured at .l,'once parallel with the axis of the chamber and again at right angles through the windvent. A channel made with the rear end in the are of a circle or parabolic, with the wi ndvent at the other end, gives about as good a tone; but it costs more to make and requires a more complicated valve action than the one shown in Fig. 2. The best results as to tone are obtained when the channels are properly tuned therefor, their lengths corresponding with the reed-pipes of a pipe-organ, and in such a case I with a properly-voiced reed of large scale a beautiful and powerful cornet-tone; but even if the channels are not tuned they take away to a great degree the reedy quality of tone, though they do not greatly increase its power.

It may be necessary to make angles in or bend the channels for the lower notes, in order to economize space, especially in instruments of two or more manuals and with a pedal-bass.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A reed-tul'ieB, formed from a sheet-metal blank B, open at one end and flanged, closed at the other end and having an eschallot in one side, and the single vibrating reed YD, secured to the tube and operating over the es challot, substantially as set forth.

2. The con'ibination, with a wind-chest, of reed-tubes secured in the said wind-chest and provided with vibrating reeds operating over escha-llots in the said tubes, and a valve operated by keys and held on the open end of each of the said tubes, substantially as shown and described.

The combination, with a wind-chest and a resonatingchannel, ot' reedtubes secured in the said wind-chest and provided with vibrating reeds operating over esehallots in. the said tubes, said tubes opening into the said resoln'iting-channel, substantially as shown and described.

4-. The combination, with a whirl-chest and a resonating-channel, of reeds or reed-tubes secured in the said \VllitlC'lltiSE and provided with vibrating reeds operatin over eschallots in the said tubes, said tubes opening into the said resonating-ehannel, and a valve operated by keys and held over a wiml-vent in the said resonating-chm]nel, substantially as shown and described.

HENRY JAN Witnesses:

GEORGE W. KENNEDY, WM. P. BUTLER.

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