US403941A - Automatic cut-out for electric lamps - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

B. R. KNOWLES. AUTOMATIC CUT-CUT FOR ELECTRIC LAMPS. No. 403,941. Patented May 28, 1889.

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EDIYARD R. KNOXVL'ES, OF BROOKLYN, NEIV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE MUTUAL ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEIV YORK.

AUTOMATIC CUT-OUT FOR ELECTRIC LAMPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,941, dated May 28, 1889.

Application filed March 23, 1886. Renewed July 25, 1887. Serial No. 245,275. (No model.)

To all whom it may consent." ing regulated by adjustment of a set-screw,d.

Be it known that I, EDWARD R. KNOWLES, At the point a; two branch wires are in coma citizen of the United States, residing at munication with the main wire a. One of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State these wires 6 passes around the iron core of 55 of New York, have invented certain new and the magnet C, so as to form its exciting-bobuseful Improvements in Automatic Out-Outs bin, and, emerging, joins the line-wire b at y. for Electric Lamps, of which the following is This bobbin is of high resistance. The other a full, clear, and exact description. wire, f, runs from so to the frame E, with which This invention relates to a certain novel it is connected electrically at any convenient 6o 10 automatic cut-out for electric lamps, the obpoint, as at z. The magnet O is wound with ject being to provide means for automatically a coil of wire, g, of lower resistance than the throwing a lamp out of circuit, when, by failmagnet C. One end of this coil passes through ure of its carbons to approach each other from an aperture in the core at 1*, being insulated any cause, the resistance of the arc is unduly from the metal of said core, and the other end 65 I5 increased. It is well known that when the of the coil connects, as shown, with the lineare becomes too long its resistance is so great wire at y. By this arrangement the wire of as to reduce the current and consequently the the magnet 0, connected at .r and y, forms a illuminatingpower, thus aflfecting the brilloop or shunt of high resistance across the are, liancy of every lamp in the circuit. By this and in the ordinary operation of the lamp a 70 2o invention I seek to obviate this difficulty; and slight current passes through this wire, but

to this end my invention consists in the comnot enough to cause any movement in the pivbination of a fixed electro-magnet of comparaoted magnet. The relation of parts in this tively low resistance with a movable electrostate is shown by full lines in the drawing. magnet of comparatively high resistance, the If the distance between the carbon points 75 latter, when strongly excited, moving upward is increased from any cause to too great an and completing the circuit through the coil extent, the resistance of the arc is greatly augof the fixed magnet, and in the details of the mented, and this throws more current into the improvement, all as hereinafter particularly shunt-wire e, that constitutes the excitingset. forth and claimed. wire of the magnet O. As the magnetism of 8o In the accompanying drawing, which is a the core of said magnet increases, it swings on side elevation of a lamp having my invention its pivot under the influence of its attraction applied thereto,A designates the box or frame toward the core of the magnet O, and, swinginclosin g the machinery of an arc lamp, whose in g upward, it strikes against the protruding main regulating-magnet is represented by 13. end of the core-wire at "u, coming into elec- 85 The line-wire a passes through the regulating trical connection therewith. This completes mechanism, then through the uppeg' and lower the circuit from. ct by f to the frame E, thence carbons, and thence, as shown by b 1), leaves through the frame and core of the magnet O to the lamp. the end of the wire g at 'v, and thence through E designates the metal base-plate, which the coil of the magnet O to y and the line- 0 40 may be secured to any convenient point of wire I). It will thus be seen that when this attachment. This base-plate E carriesafixed connection is made the magnet C instantly electro-magnet, O, of comparatively low resistbecomes strongly excited and holds the magance, and apivoted electro-1nagnet,O, of comnot 0 up, maintaining the connection, and paratively high resistance, both having iron giving passage for the current. The magnet 95 cores. The core of the magnet O is in metal- 0, as a high-resistance shunt, again becomes lie communication at its base or pivot c with comparatively passive, but is still retained in the base-plate E, and on this pivot the magits upward posit-ion by the magnet O. not C swings up and down, its upward posi- \Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire tion being indicated by dotted lines, and the to secure by Letters Patent, is- I00 extent of its fall or downward movement by 1. In an automatic cut-out for a line-cirfull lines, and said. downward movement becuit, the combination of a fixed electro-mag net wound with a coil of comparatively low resistance connected to the line-wire in a normally-openshunt, and a vibrating electromagnet of comparatively high resistance having an exciting-bobbin connected to the line- Wire in a normally-closed shunt, the vibrating magnet being pivoted in close proximity to the fixed magnet,whereby, when strongly excited, the vibrating magnet will contact with and complete the circuit through the fixed magnet, as and for the purpose set forth.

2, In an automatic cut-out for a line-circuit, the combination of a fixed electro-inagnet wound with a coil of comparatively low resistance connected in a normally-open shunt at one end to the line-wire and having its other end free and projecting from the core but insulated therefrom, and a vibrating shunt electro-magnet having a bobbin of comparatively high resistance connected to the line-wire in a shunt around the lamp, said vibrating magnet being pivoted in close proximity to the fixed magnet, whereby, when the resistance of the arc is increased, the vibrating magnet will come in contact with the fixed magnet and complete the circuit through the same, 'as and for the purpose set forth.

3; The combination of the fixed electro-magnet 0, having one end of its wire 9 connected to the outgoing line, and the other end insulated and protruding from the pole at n, and the frame E, connected to the incoming line, with the vibrating shunt electro-magnet 0 located in proximity to the fixed magnet and in electrical contact with the frame E, substantially as described.

4. A cut-out or protecting shunt for a linecircuit, comprising a fixed electro-magnet, O, wound with a coil of wire, 9*, of low resistance, one end of which passes through an aperture in the core at o arfd is insulated from the metal of said core, and the other end of which is connected with the line-wire at y, in combination with the vibrating magnet O, and the bobbin 6, passing around the core of said magnet and connected to the line at w and y, forming a loop or shunt of high resistance, substantially as set forth, for the purpose specified. V v

5. In an automatic cut-out for a line-circuit, the combination of a fixed electro-magnet wound with a coil of comparatively low resistance connected at each end to the linewire in a normally-open shunt, and a vibrating electro-magnet pivoted in close proximity to the fixed magnet and encircled by a bobbin of comparatively high resistance connected to the incoming and outgoing line-wire at its respective ends, constituting a loop or shunt of comparatively high resistance across the arc, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 9th day of February, A. D. 1886.

EDlVARD R. KNOWLES.

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