US4009950A - Motion picture projection apparatus with film feeding speed changing apparatus - Google Patents

Motion picture projection apparatus with film feeding speed changing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US4009950A
US4009950A US05/538,163 US53816375A US4009950A US 4009950 A US4009950 A US 4009950A US 53816375 A US53816375 A US 53816375A US 4009950 A US4009950 A US 4009950A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pulley
rotary shaft
power source
motor
rotational speed
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US05/538,163
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English (en)
Inventor
Kuniyoshi Suzaki
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Publication date
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/32—Details specially adapted for motion-picture projection
    • G03B21/43—Driving mechanisms
    • G03B21/44—Mechanisms transmitting motion to film-strip feed; Mechanical linking of shutter and intermittent feed
    • G03B21/48—Mechanisms transmitting motion to film-strip feed; Mechanical linking of shutter and intermittent feed for altering frame speed; for regulating constancy of film speed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a motion picture projector apparatus with film speed changing apparatus.
  • n 120 f/p (rpm) where p represents the number of poles and f the frequency of the current source.
  • p the number of poles
  • f the frequency of the current source.
  • the motion picture projection apparatus with the film feeding mechanism whose induction motor is so designed that the film can be fed at a proper speed with the commercial current source of 60 Hz, is driven with the commercial current source of 50 Hz, the speed of the rotation is smaller by one sixth than when the induction motor is driven with the commercial current source of 60 Hz.
  • the speed of the pictures to be projected is lowered proportionally so that the motion picture projected does not seem natural. Even if such deleterious influence upon the motion picture projected can be tolerated, there may occur a problem with the sound motion picture projection apparatus by means of which sound regenerating means the sound information stored in one part of the film is picked up and regenerated at the same time.
  • the conventional method to alter the ratio of the transmission is for example, to fix a pulley with V-shaped or U-shaped groove on the motor shaft respectively on the rotary shaft of the film feeding mechanism and to provide between these pulleys a properly shaped belt so as to adapted in the grooves of the pulleys in such a manner that the driving power is transmitted from the motor to the film feeding mechanism, whereby there are following various methods:
  • a. a method to exchange either the pulley fixed on the motor shaft or that fixed on the rotary shaft of the film feeding mechanism for a pulley with a groove of different diameter, changing at the same time the belt or a method to exchange either the pulley fixed on the motor shaft or that fixed on the rotary shaft of the film feeding mechanism for a pulley with a groove of different diameter, without changing the belt, or
  • a pulley on which a plural number of grooves with different diameters are formed as one body along the axial direction of the rotary shaft is fixed on the rotary shaft in advance and only the position of the pulley grooves on which the belt is to be provided is changed in accordance with the frequencies of the commercial current source without taking out the pulley from the shaft.
  • the cover has to be taken off every time when the frequency differs.
  • the pulley has to be completely exchanged for the other pulley so that, not only is it troublesome, but also the spare pulleys have to be prepared because at least more than two kinds of pulleys have to be reserved.
  • the cover after the cover having being taken off, the position of the belt is changed, which is also troublesome.
  • the method to change the number of the pictures per second when a motion picture projection apparatus in which the frequency can not be changed easily, namely the pulley fixed on the rotary shaft of the motor, is completely changed is to form the groove of the pulley fixed on the rotary shaft flat and at the same time to form the pulley fixed on the rotary shaft of the film feeding mechanism in such a manner that a plural number of the pulley parts with flat engaging parts on which the belt is provided extends along the axial direction of the rotary shaft.
  • the parts between the pulley parts are tapered whereby the number of pictures per second can be altered by engaging the belt with the pulley parts of different diameter in accordance with the number of pictures per second to be chosen.
  • a motion picture projection apparatus which presents a number of picture changing mechanisms by means of which the frequency change for adjusting the speed of the induction motor under the influence of the difference of the frequency and the change of the number of picture per second are possible also exists, whereby the driving power is not transmitted from the motor directly to the film feeding mechanism by means of one belt but is transmitted to the third rotary shaft provided between the rotary shaft of the motor and that of the film feeding mechanism by means of a belt and at the same time from the third rotary shaft to the rotary shaft of the film feeding mechanism by means of another belt, namely the change frequency is effected between the rotary shaft of the motor and the third rotary shaft while the change of the number of picture is effected between the third rotary shaft and the rotary shaft of the film feeding mechanism.
  • the first purpose of the present invention is to offer a motion picture projection apparatus with a film feeding speed changing apparatus of simple mechanism without having the shortcomings of conventional apparatus.
  • the second purpose of the present invention is to offer a motion picture projection apparatus in which the frequency change for adjusting the speed of the induction motor under the influence of the difference of the current source used and the change of the number of pictures per second are mechanically possible.
  • the third purpose of the present invention is to offer a motion picture projection apparatus with a film feeding speed changing apparatus in which the frequency changing and the change of the number of pictures per second are easily possible by means of operation from outside.
  • the fourth purpose of the present invention is to offer a motion picture projection apparatus with a film feeding speed changing apparatus in which the loss of the driving power from the driving motor is small.
  • FIG. 1 shows a general composition of a sound motion picture projection apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 shows a front view of an embodiment of the film feeding speed changing apparatus of the present invention which is applicable to the sound motion picture projection apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 and in which the frequency and the number of pictures can be changed, whereby a part of the film feeding speed changing apparatus is shown in section.
  • FIG. 3 shows a plane view of the belt driving mechanism of the film feeding speeds changing apparatus of the present invention as shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows a general composition of a sound motion picture projection apparatus in which the film feeding speed changing apparatus of the present invention can be built, whereby 1 is the body of the sound motion picture projection apparatus, 2 the reel for supplying film being dismountably engaged on the film supplying shaft 4, 3 the winding up reel being dismountably engaged on the film winding up shaft 5, 6 the optics for projection, 7 the light source for projection, 8 the aperture part composing the film gate part, 9 the film, 10 the magnetic head, 11 the pinch roller, 12 the capstan, 13 the fly-wheel for rotating the capstan 12 at a constant speed, 14 the sprocket shaft for rotating the sprocket 15 and 20 the rotary shutter member being provided between the light source 7 for projection and the film gate member so as to selectively permit the light beam coming from the light source 7 for projection to enter into the above mentioned aperture part 8 while rotating.
  • the film feeding claw member which is so designed as to feed the film 9 to the aperture 8 in functional engagement with the rotary shutter member 20, while the rotary shutter member 20 prevents the light beam coming from the light source 7 for projection from entering into the above mentioned aperture part and not to feed the film to the aperture part 8, while the rotary shutter member 20 allows the light beam coming from the light source 7 for projection to enter into the above mentioned aperture.
  • the above sound motion picture projection apparatus is so designed that the film 9 coming from the film supplying reel is continuously and intermittently fed to the aperture part 8 by means of the film feeding claw, the sound information stored in advance on the side of the film 9 is picked up by means of the magnetic head 10 and then the film is continuously fed at a constant speed clamped between the pinch roller 11 and the capstan 12 so as to be wound up by the film winding reel 3 through the sprocket 15.
  • FIG. 2 shows a front view of an embodiment of the film feeding speed changing apparatus of the present invention which is applicable to the sound motion picture projection apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and in which the frequency and the number of pictures can be changed, whereby 16 is an induction motor which can be operated with the commercial frequency of for example, 50 Hz and 60 Hz, 17 the shaft of the motor 16, 18 the pulley with steps fixed on the motor shaft 17 so as to rotate with the shaft 17 as one body.
  • the above mentioned pulley 18 presents the stepped parts 18a and 18b which has the diameters different from each other and are connected with each other by the tapered part 18c into one body. These pulley parts 18a and 18b are for changing the number of pictures.
  • the above mentioned control cams 21 and 21' are so provided as to be normally in touch with the above mentioned film feeding claw member 30, whereby the control cam 21 is intended to strip off the film from the film feeding claw member 30 during the film feeding operation, while the control cam 21' is intended to selectively engage the film feeding claw into the perforations in the film.
  • 23 is the pulley born on the shutter shaft 19, which pulley is selectively slidable along the lengthwise direction of the shutter shaft 19 and rotatable with the shutter shaft 19 as one body because the rotation is prohibited by the key 24.
  • the pulley 23 consists of the pulley parts, 23a, 23c and 23e whose diameters are different from each other and which are connected by means of the tapered parts 23b and 23d with each other into one body.
  • 26 is the worm wheel gear adapted on the sprocket shaft 14 which worm wheel gear is so provided as to be normally in engagement with the worm gear 25 in such a manner that the shutter shaft 19 rotates synchronously with the sprocket shaft 14.
  • 27 is the flat belt provided between the pulley 18 and the pulley 23 by means of which flat belt the rotation of the pulley 18 driven by the rotation driving power of the induction motor 16 is conveyed to the pulley 23 so as to rotate the shutter shaft 19.
  • the ring shaped belt position changing member in which the belt is guided so as to translate the belt 27 along the axial direction of the shutter shaft 19 and of the motor shaft 17, whereby, when the belt 27 is selectively translated along the direction of the arrow by the operation from outside by means of the above mentioned belt position changing member 28, the position of the pulley 18 and that of the pulley 23 are changed in such a manner that the film feeding speed is changed.
  • 29 is a frequency adjusting member composing a part of the frequency changing means by means of which the influence upon the speed of the motor due to the difference of the frequency of the commercial electricity is compensated by translating the pulley 23 along the axial direction on the shutter shaft 19 in accordance with the frequency to be applied to the motor.
  • FIG. 3 shows a plane view of the belt driving mechanism of the film feeding speed changing apparatus shown in FIG. 2, of the present invention, whereby 32 is the belt pressing member whose one end is rotatably born on the shaft 31 fixed on the body 1 and whose other end presents a roller 34 rotatably born on the rotary shaft 33 rotatably born on the above mentioned belt passing member 32.
  • the spring 35 by means of which the roller 34 usually pushes the belt 27 outwards, forms the belt tensioning means for keeping the belt 27 between the pulley 18 and the pulley 23 always in tense stated.
  • two kinds of the frequencies of the electric current namely 50 Hz and 60 Hz
  • two kinds of numbers of pictures per unit time namely 18 pictures/second and 24 pictures/second
  • the ratio of the diameter of the pulley part 18a to that of the pulley part 18b of the pulley respectively the ratio of the diameter of the pulley part 23a to that of the pulley part 23c
  • the film feeding speed changing apparatus whose pulleys are composed in the relation as mentioned above can be equally utilized no matter whether the frequency of the electric current is 50 Hz or 60 Hz, by simply changing the position of each pulley part of the pulleys 18 and 23 bearing the belt 27.
  • the pulley 23 assumes the position (I) in FIG. 2 (shown in full line) by means of the frequency adjusting means 29 in case the current source adopted for the motor is of 50 Hz and assumes the position (II) in FIG. 2 (in dotted line) in case the current source is of 60 Hz.
  • 23a, 23b', 23c', 23d', and 23e' respectively show the position of pulley parts 23a, 23b, 23c, 23d and 23e when the pulley 23 is translated into the position (II).
  • the state shown in full line in FIG. 2 shows the state when the belt 27 is in engagement with the part 23e of the pulley 23 and with the part 18b of the pulley 18, namely the projection can be effected at 18 pictures per second with the current source of 60 Hz.
  • the belt position changing member 28 is, being operated from outside, moved to the left in FIG.
  • the belt position changing member 28 is operated from outside so as to be translated to the right in the drawing in such a manner that due to the translating force of the above mentioned belt position changing member 28 the belt 27 is also translated to the right in the drawing whereby the belt 27 is translated from the pulley part 18a of the pulley 18 to the pulley part 18b through the tapered part and from the pulley part 23a of the pulley 23 to the pulley part 23c through the tapered part 23b.
  • the switching over of the pulley can automatically be carried out by means of the belt position changing member 28 in such a manner that the projection can be effected at the speed of 18 pictures per second at 50 Hz.
  • the frequency adjusting member 29 is again operated from outside in such a manner that the pulley 23 is brought back into the position (I) in FIG. 2, whereby the belt 27 is engaged with the pulley part 23e of pulley 23 and with the pulley part 18b of the pulley 18, namely the projection can be carried out at the speed of 18 pictures per second at 60 Hz.
  • the combination for the speed of 18 pictures per second and of 24 pictures per second and the frequency of 50 Hz and 60 Hz is given in Table 1.
  • the belt 27 is engaged with the pulley part 18b of the pulley 18 and with the pulley part 23e of the pulley 23 when the speed is 18 pictures per second while the belt 27 is engaged with the pulley part 18a of the pulley 18 and with the pulley part 23c of the pulley 23 in case the speed is 24 pictures per second.
  • the belt 27 is engaged with the pulley part 18b of the pulley 18 and with the pulley part 23c of the pulley 23 in case the speed is 18 pictures per second while the belt 27 is engaged with the pulley part 18a of the pulley 18 and with the pulley part 23a of the pulley 23 when the speed is 24 pictures per second.
  • the pulley 23 is moved along the shutter shaft 19 so as to adjust the speed influenced by the difference of the frequency while it is possible to the pulley 23 is fixed on the motor shaft 17, the pulley 18 be provided on the shutter shaft 19 and the diameters of various pulley parts be determined so as to obtain proper ratios whereby the proper speed independent of the frequency of the current source can be obtained.
  • the claim of the present invention is not limited to the present invention only.
  • at least two film speeds can be obtained by changing the position of the belt. Namely, by translating at least one pulley along the shaft and changing the combination of the pulleys the change of the film speed as well as the adjustment of the rotation, speed influenced by the frequencies of the current source can be obtained so that the operation is quite simple further, the mechanism is quite simple and therefore the manufacturing cost is also low.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Projection-Type Copiers In General (AREA)
US05/538,163 1974-01-08 1975-01-02 Motion picture projection apparatus with film feeding speed changing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US4009950A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP49005507A JPS50101024A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-01-08 1974-01-08
JA49-5507 1974-01-08

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US4009950A true US4009950A (en) 1977-03-01

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4062248A (en) * 1976-04-12 1977-12-13 Henry John Hattendorf Two-speed video recorder
KR20010054565A (ko) * 1999-12-07 2001-07-02 장흥순 패턴 프로젝터
US20230264781A1 (en) * 2022-02-18 2023-08-24 Joseph Francis Keenan System and method for bicycle transmission

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US955920A (en) * 1906-09-24 1910-04-26 Berlin Machine Works Variable-speed device.
US2742793A (en) * 1954-01-28 1956-04-24 Eastman Kodak Co Two-speed drive arrangement
US3165002A (en) * 1963-03-26 1965-01-12 Philip J Hatch Speed reducing mechanism
US3597056A (en) * 1969-05-22 1971-08-03 Sankyo Kogaku Kogyo Kk Film movement equalizing device for a motion picture sound projector

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US955920A (en) * 1906-09-24 1910-04-26 Berlin Machine Works Variable-speed device.
US2742793A (en) * 1954-01-28 1956-04-24 Eastman Kodak Co Two-speed drive arrangement
US3165002A (en) * 1963-03-26 1965-01-12 Philip J Hatch Speed reducing mechanism
US3597056A (en) * 1969-05-22 1971-08-03 Sankyo Kogaku Kogyo Kk Film movement equalizing device for a motion picture sound projector

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4062248A (en) * 1976-04-12 1977-12-13 Henry John Hattendorf Two-speed video recorder
KR20010054565A (ko) * 1999-12-07 2001-07-02 장흥순 패턴 프로젝터
US20230264781A1 (en) * 2022-02-18 2023-08-24 Joseph Francis Keenan System and method for bicycle transmission
US11772743B2 (en) * 2022-02-18 2023-10-03 Joseph Francis Keenan System and method for bicycle transmission
US20230339572A1 (en) * 2022-02-18 2023-10-26 Joseph Francis Keenan System and method for bicycle transmission
US12091134B2 (en) * 2022-02-18 2024-09-17 Joseph Francis Keenan System and method for bicycle transmission

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JPS50101024A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-08-11

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