US399793A

US399793A - taylob

Info

Publication number: US399793A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1889-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 1906-03-19

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. J. TAYLOR.

GAS PRODUCER.

No. 399,793. Patented Mar. 19, 1889.

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(No Model.) 3 shets-sheet 2. W. J. TAYLOR.

GAS PRODUCER.

No. 399.793. Patented Mar. 19, 1889.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Pate nted Mar. 19, 1889.

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W. J. TAYLOR.

GAS PRODUCER WITNE'EIEEE= M MW.

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\VI'LLIAM J. TAYLOR, OF CHESTER, .ASSIGNOR TO THE TAYLOR (S'TAS PRO- DUCER COMPANY, OF CAMDEN, NEYV JERSEY.

GAS-PRODUCER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,793, dated March 19, 1889. Application filed December 31, 1886. Serial No. 223,112. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that LWILLIAM J. TAYLOR, of Chester, in the county of Morris and State of Nev Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Producers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a furnace or plant for gasifying fuel for making heating-gas or converting solid fuel into gaseous fuel, and such as is generallydesignated in iron metallurgy as a gasproducer, yet differing from the producer in common use, inasmuch that brick linings are entirely dispensed with, and which apparatus, constructed of metal and water-cooled, as hereinafter described, I have designated as a metallic water-cooled gasproducer.

The objects of my invention are, first, to construct a metallic water cooled gasproducer in which sticking or clinkering of fuel to the wall of the metallic combustion-chamb er may be obviated when run hot and fast, and it is consuming large quantities of fuel and producing a proportionately large quantity of gas; second, to obviate the objectionable features heretofore attending the use of producers provided with brick linings, in which the working has been very irregular and cleaningout or removal of the non-combustible matter difficult, rendering it practically impossible to run a producer for any length of time or to any reasonable capacity continuousl y, more particularly where anthracite coal or anthracite culm was used as the fuel for generating the heating-gas, and for the utilization of which fuel my present producer is especially well adapted; third, to drive the producer to much greater capacity, and hence necessarily make gas with greater uniformity, due to the fact that the producer can be worked continuously without stopping to clean out or remove the clinkers and ashes therefrom. The heat of the first combustion (O to CO) is usually lost, whichin practice is unavoidable, and hence, such being the case, it matters not whether the heat be lost in brick walls or in metallic water-cooled walls, yet, nevertheless, the latter construction of a producer has this advantage that the heat imparted to the water may be utilized for making steam for the blast or other purposes than those having specialrelation to the illvention; fourth, to provide for the uniform admission and distribution of air or steam and airinto contact with the fuel in the combustion-chamber from the lower portion of the producer for elfecting combustion of the fuel and for obtaining the best practical re sults in, the production of heating-gas for metallurgical and other operations; and, fifth, to provide a revolving bottom having mechanism for actuating the same, whereby all non-combustible matter may be readily, effectually, and continuously discharged from the producer while in full operation without the slightest interference therewith.

The nature of my invention will be more fully understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure l is a vertical central section through a metallic water-cooled gasproducer of my improved construction. Figs. 2 and 3 are respectivelytransverse sections of the metallic water-cooled gas-producer on the lines J0 wand y 2 of liig. 1. Fig. l is a top or plan view of the flanged top plate of the producer, which forms a receptacle for containing a supply of water for keeping the upper portion of the producer cool, and the annular flanged rims cast therewith for the insertion of the feed hopper, the gas-flue pipe, and showing also sightapertures therein for examining the upper portion of the producer. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the conical-shaped bottom, showing the interstices therein for the passage of the air therethrough and the projecting points arranged radially on the exterior sur-' face of the revolving bottom for grinding up the clinkers accumulating inthe combustion chamber; and Fig. 6 is a vertical central section of my improved producer, on an enlarged scale, of the lower portion thereof, showing the conical-shaped revolving bottom with the interstices therein and the radial rows of points thereon, the water seal, annular sealed ashpit, and the central air or steam and air blast chamber, and the blastpipe extending vertr cally into said chamber.

Referring to the drawings, A is the metallic main casing, made, preferably, cylindrical in form, having a double flanged top plate, B, made of cast-iron or other suitable metal and so constructed and arranged that a receptacle is formed for containing a supply of water for preventing the heat of the producer from having a deteriorating effect upon the several parts attached to the top plate.

' O is the gas-fiue exit-pipe fitting around the annular rim 6, cast with the flanged top plate, B. 6

D is the bosh-shaped feed-hopper fitting snugly against the inner flaring annular arm, 6', of the top plate, B.

d is the bell for closing the hopper after the fuel has been supplied to the central combustion -chamber through the top thereof, and which fits snugly up against the throat of the hopper. This bell (Z is preferably attached to a vertical rod, d hinged to a cross-rod, d, and to a depending lever-arm, cl, pivoted to a bracket, d secured to the casing of the feedhopper D, which permits of the raising and lowering of the bell when desired; or the bell may be double lined with a sufficient space left between for the circulation of water admitted from any source. The manner of watercooling the bell has not been shown, but the method of so doing will be manifestly obvious to those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains without illustration or further explanation.

I am aware that hoppers have long been used in brick-lined gas-generators; but I am not aware that a feed-hopper has ever been used constructed and arranged as described, and supported by a flanged top plate capable of containing a supply of water for keeping thelupper portion of the producer at all times coo In the annular flanged top plate, B, is provided one or more sight-openings, N, having covers n, with eyes n cast therewith, for handling, and which covers may be readily removed for ascertaining the condition of the fuel or for examining the upper part of the producer for whatever purpose it may become necessary.

E is a metallic combustion-chamber, preferably open at the top, and made of plate or boiler iron in' sections riveted together, and the chamber in form either bosh-shaped near the bottom thereof, as shown in Fig. 1, or constructed so that it will be of a uniform diameter from the bottom to the top, or only slightly tapering inward in the direction of the top of the chamber, or of such other shape as will give the best results in practice in the use of anthracite coal or anthracite culm as the fuelfor generating the heating-gas. The bottom of the metallic combustion-chamber E is riveted to a flanged annular plate, 6 which in a similar manneris attached to the metallic cas ingA. The rivets which hold the combustionchamberE to the supporting-plate e preferably project laterally therefrom a short distance into the combustion-chamber E, and serve as grinders to act in conjunction with the points extending downward from near the top of the main casing to within a short distance of the bottom of the plate 6 secured to the main casing and supporting the combustion-chamber E in position, and the water or condensed steam and water discharged from the waterjacket near the top of the main casing through an overflow-pipe, f, suitably supported by a straightening-plate, f fastened to the main casing A, but, however, below the open top of the combustion-chamber E. The overflowpipe f is provided with a \/shaped trap, f, as shown in broken section in Fig. l, and in which trap a quantity of water will always be maintained for preventing any gas from escaping through the same instead of through the gas-exit pipe 0.

I am aware that a generator for making hydrocarbon gas has been constructed with a rectangular closed interior shell or fire-box boiler surrounded by a water-space on its four sides; but I am not aware that a metallic cylindriform combustion-chamber open at the top has ever been used or arranged in the manner described for burning anthracite coal or anthracite culm for generating heating or similar gases, and in which clinkering or sticking of non-combustible matter to the wall thereof is obviated.

G is a conical-shaped revolving bottom made of cast-iron or other suitable metal, with a series of radial narrow interstices or preferably narrow inverted-V-shaped openings, therein, and extending therethrough for the free passage of the air or steam and air admitted by forced draft or otherwise through an underground conduction-pipe, J, provided with a hood, j, rigidly supported in position by the base-plate a, to which the wall of the main casing is riveted, and which pipe extends vertically into the cylindrical chamber H. The volume of air or steam and air discharged therein through the pipe J is uniformly distributed through the openings g of the revolving bottom G into contact with the fuel IIO in the central combustion-chamber, E, in a more or less state of incandescence for effecting both a uniform and complete combustion thereof and preventing sticking or clinkering of non-combustible matter to the wall of the chamber E.

The conical-shaped revolving bottom is supported centrally in position by means of a post, 9 in a cylindrical housing, 9 having an annular flanged bottom, g, which is riveted securely to the base-plate a of the sealed ash-pit I. (last with the lower portion of the revolving bottom at suitable distances apart are projecting points or teeth for grinding up the clinkers passing downward between the throat 7c of the combustion-chamber E and the revolving bottom G. This revolving bottom G is provided with an annular shallow trough, g, for containing a constant supply of water. Upon the under side of the trough g, near the outer p eripherythereof, is a ratchet-surface, g and meshing therewith is a cog-wheel, g supported upon a horizontal shaft, g, held in bearings g riveted to the metallic wall of the ashpit I and the air or steam blast chamber II. This horizontal shaft g carries a crank, g having a handle, g, for operating in a well-understood manner the conical-shaped bottom around and around for breaking up the clinker and carrying the same, more or less broken up, together with the ashes, overthe outer periphery thereof into the annular sealed ash-pit I. The water-trough g is provided with an an nular rim, g", for keeping the water from running over the peripheral surface of the bottom. The cinder and clinker dropping down through the throat 7c of the combustion-chamber into the trough is thus cooled off, together with the ashes, preparatory to the precipitation into the annular sealed ash-pit I beneath, when the bottom G is revolved around and around by the attendant in charge.

The revolving bottom G, it should be borne in mind, must necessarily be diametrically so proportioned to the throat 7c of the combustion-chamber E and at such distance therefrom that the superimposed incandescent mass will be supported thereby, and, furthermore, in order that the clinker and ashes passing downward between the throat of the comlulstion-chamber and the revolving bottom may be maintained in the water-trough 9, until discharged over the outer periphery thereof into the closed ash-pit I by the operation of the crank' {1 either around and around or backward and forward.

I am aware that a brick-lined gas-producer has been provided with a revolving grate of spiral or step-like form having perforations therein and curved ribs or vanes thereon,and the grate supported by a bracket secured in the base of the ash-pit, and that air has been admitted directly into an ash-pit instead of directly through the perforations in the grate. This arrangement objectionable because, as a matter of fact, in practice the air, instead of passing through the narrow perforations in the grate, will pass upward around the outer periphery thereof and follow the freest line of travel, which will be along the wall of the combustion-chamber, and hence combustion will be too rapid there and arches will be formed of the clinker; but I am not aware that a metallic water-cooled gas-producer provided with a revolving bottom, such as shown and as hereinbefore described, has ever been used in which air or steam and air has been discharged radially and directly into the combustion-chamber into contact with the fuel in a more or less state of incandescence without the formation of arches of clinker and sticking of non-combustible matter to the wall of the combustion-chamber.

Cast with the revolving bottom CT is an annular flange, g To the wall of the air or steam and air blast receiving-chamber H is formed an annular channel, g, kept supplied with water from any suitable source and termed a water seal, and into which the flange 9 is kept more or less immersed. This water seal, while keeping the underneath portions of the bottom cool, at the same time prevents the air or steam and air under pressure in the cylindrical chamber H from being diverted from its natural course through the interstices g of the bottom G.

In the main casing A'and the air or steam and air blast chamber H are provided one or more doors, suitably hinged to the respective metallic walls, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. l, and which are preferably made large enough to admit a person into the ash-pit I and chamber H, for cleaning out the ashes in the former, and for whatever purpose it may become necessary for an examination to be made of the interior of the latter chamber, H.

The mode of operation of the metallic Watercooled gas-producer hereinbefore described may be explained in the following manner: The fuel is fed into the central combustionchamber,E, through the feed-hopper D bylowering the bell d a suliicient distance by the operation of the lever d, and the required quantity of fuel being supplied to the combustion-chamber E, the bell (Z is then drawn upward snugly against the throat of the'hop per I), and the air or steam and air by forced draft or otherwise admitted through the conduction-pipe J into the central chamber, H, and in a vertical directiondistributed radially, or nearly so, through the interstices in the conical-shaped bottom G into contact with the fuel in the combustion-chamber E for effecting combustion, and the gas arising from the combustion of the fuel discharged through the exit-pipe C in thetop of the producer for 'utilization, and whenever it shall become necessary during the time that the producer is making gas to remove the non-combustible matter the crank g may be revolved around and around by the attendant in charge, thereby discharging the ashes, together with the ITO clinker, from the central combustion-chainber,

E, continually dropping downward between the throat 7c and the conical-shaped bottom into the trough g filled with water, over the outer periphery thereof, into the annular sealed ash-pit I without any necessity of stop ping the producer while it is regularly making gas.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains that the conical-shaped revolving bottom and the upper and lower portions of the producer, with but slight modifications, can be adapted for use advantageously in a producer having brick-lined walls; and, again, by more thoroughly water-cooling the bottom by suitable means for protection when the producer is run in the reverse Way, that my invention is susceptible of being used for making Water-gas for illuminating and other purposes.

In my application, Serial No. 236,7 l6, filed May 2, 1887, I have claimed a bottom with a depending flange and with an'ash-chamber having a chamber Within the same, With a channel formed around said chamber, and which channel, with said depending flange, forms a Water seal, and therefore I do not Wish to claim herein such constructions; but,

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

The herein-described gas-producer With a bottom having narrow openings therein arranged in radial rows and mounted on a post which is supported in a housing, a cylindriform casing beneath the bottom forming an air or steam and air chamber, a pipe extending upward into said chamber, and means, as described, for rotating said bottom, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

WM. J. TAYLOR.

\Yitnesses:

J. WALTER DOUGLASS, THOMAS M. SMrrH.