US396966A - And george m - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

if JM WWM NY vnsna Pholo-Lilhngmphzr. Washinglom u. z;

5 SheetsSheet 2.

J. TABE'R.

BRICK KILN.

(No Model.)

No. 396,966. Patented Jan. 29, 1889 N4 PETEH& Pbolu-Lilhographun Washington. 0.0.

(No Model.) 5 ShetsSh ee t 3.

J. TABER;

BRICK KILN.

No. 396,966. Patented Jan. 29, 1889.

Hill-II) Sis,

WITNESSES IJVV Z? 32:66;

.dttorney (No Model.) 5Sheets-Sheet 4.

J, TABER.

BRIGK KILN.

No. 396,966. Patented Jan. 29, 1889'.

N i v TOR N PETERS. Phclvulhogruphvh Washinginn, 04C.

' 5 Sheets-Sheet; 5. J. TABER. BRICK KILN.

(No Model.)

No. 396,966. Patented Jan. 29, 1889.

mum/ .mullllllllllfllll IITED STATES PATENT rriciz.

JOHN TAT-BER, OF SOUTH. \VOLFBOROUGI'I, NElV HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, IVILLIAM EMERY, OF ALFRED, MAINE, AND GEORGE M. STEARNS,

OF BOSTON, MASSACH SETTS.

. BRlCK KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 396,966, dated January 29, 1889.

Application filed May 11, 1886. Renewed July 5, 1888. Serial No. 279,154. (No model.)

To all whom 72mg concern: as shown. 'Yertically above the Iire-boxes are Be it known that I, JOHN TABER, of South the horizontal heating or tiring chambers,

\Volfhorough, in the county of Carroll and preferably four in number, and designated, State of New lilampshire, have invented cerrespectively, from above downward by the let- 55 tain new and useful Improvements in Brickters G O C. At the alternate ends of Kilns; and I do hereby declare that the folthe heating-chambers are the mechanisms for lowing is a full, clear, and exact desm'iption passing the brick through the chambers, and

thereof, reference being had to the accompajust to the interior of said mechanisms are nying drawings, and to theletters of reference the two vertical frames for lowering the 60 marked thereon, which form part. of this specibricks from chamber to chamber. The dryfication,in which ing' chambers are to the rear of the kiln Flgure 1 is a front elevatimi of my improper. proved brick-kiln complete. Fig.2 is a ver- The following is the construction of the tical longitudinal sect-ion of the same. Fig. heating chambers and their attachments: 65 3 is a sectional rear elevation. Fig. l is a Each of the heating-chambers C Q C C is horizontal section on line u d', Fig. 2. Fig. 5 provided with the ways 0, over which the caris a similar section on line :13, Fig. 2. 6 riages or pans 0, bearing the bricks, travel. is a vertical transverse section on line y y, The pans are moved successively into the Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a similar section on line 2 a, chamber 0 and moved from end to end therein. 70 Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the Each pan is then successively lowered to the bricks and the pans. Fig. 9 is a vertical secchamber 0 and moved therein in the oppotion of the same. site direction, the first pan being driven in- This invention relates to improvements in ward more and more by each successive pan kilns for burning and glazing brick, tile, and as it enters the chamber, so that all the pans 7 5 other earthenware; and it consists in the conpass the same amount of time in each chamstruction and novel arrangement of parts her. They are thenlowered and passed through hereinafter described, illustrated in the drawchambers C O in the same manner and leave ings, and pointed out in the appended claims. the latter chamber at its extended end 0 The kiln is composed of four main parts, whence they pass to any proper receptacle. 8o 0 which are the heating-chambers and ways c c are horizontally-sliding doors in the therein over which the bricks or other ar frontwall of the kiln adjacent to the endsof the ticles successively pass, the mechanism for chambers, through which access can be had moving the same over said ways, the mech to the lifting mechanism, and c c are vertianism for lowering the bricks from one heatcally-sliding doors in the end walls, through 85 3 5 ing-chamber to the next lower one, and the which access may be had to the interiors of the furnaces and dues for firing and glazing the chambers.

articles. The kiln also contains dryin g-cham- The chamber G being just above the arches bers. of the fire-boxes, is the glazing-chamber, and

For a better understanding of the case a contains an interior boxing or casing, D, 0 general description of the whole construction around which, within the chamber 0 is the will be first given, and afterward a separate fire space or flue (7, extending over the top description of the four main parts. and both sides of the casing, as shown. The In the accompanying drawings, A desiginterior of the casing is the glazing-chamber nates the housing of the kiln, the vertical proper, in which there must be great heat, 5 wall A separating the kiln from said cham-, but no flame or products of combustion.

bers and forming the rear wall of the kiln The bricks are arranged upon the pans on proper. The kiln has its various chambers edge upon supports and are separated from lined with the tile and fire-brick. In the lowest each other, as shown, so that the heat can surpart of the kiln are the fireboxes B, preferround them on all sides. To prevent them Ice ably eight in number, with their accompafrom cracking when they come into the open nying grates b and ash-pits 7; below the same, air, they are covered upon the pans 011 which the kiln.

The projections on which the bricks rest when on the pans are of fire-clay pointed and set in mortar, there being two for eachbrick, so that the heat can entirely surround the same.

The casing D has extending outward from its front surface the tubes through the inside lining of the front wall of the kiln, d d" are stoppers or plugs passing through the outer part of said wall and having handles, by which they may be removed to have access to the brick within the casin g.

The flames and products of combustion pass through the openings b at the rear upper corners of the fire-boxes into the fire space or line (Y, surroui'iding the casingD,and entirely fill the same. They then. descend therefrom, first through the fines Zr and then pass rearward to the chimney or line running between the heater and kiln proper in the wall A, whence they pass to the chimney situated on the roof of the kiln. In the front wall of the kiln are the hinged doors b U of the fireboXes' and ash-pits, respecti\'*ely.

The mechanisn'is for causing the pans containing the bricks to travel through the heating-chambers are as follows: In frames E, secured upon platforms E, extending horizontally outward from the end walls of the kiln at points on a level with the floors of the heating-chambers and opposite the alternate ends thereof, are journaled the crank-shafts 6, each of which has apinion, c, which meshes with a gear-wheel, 6 upon a shaft, 6 journaled in the frame E parallel to the shaft 6. The shaft 6 bears a pinion, e, which meshes with a gear-wheel, e, on a shaft, c, journaled in the frame parallel to the other shafts. The gear-whee] c meshes with a straight rack, F, that moves upon a plank or platform f, extending from the floor of the adjacent heating-chamber to the platform '1, the sides of the rack being supported and directed by the guide-blocks f upon the platform E. The ends of the racks impinge upon the pans bearing the bricks and move them. inward. After each pan has been moved a proper distance inward the racks are retracted, and another pan placed before, which is moved inward in the same manner till the chamber is full. If this should be the lowest or glazing chamber, the pans pass out on the extension 6'' of its floor; but should it be one of the upper chambers they are lowered, as described, by the lowering mechanism, which is constri'icted as follows:

G G are frames, each composed of the four vertical bars g, passing at proper points through the horizontal front and rear bars 9, which are held upon the former bars by nuts above and below, the bars g being threaded at proper parts for this purpose. The bars {1 rise from a base-plate, g and pass through guideopenings g in the bars g' ',extending between the inner surfaces of the ends of the walls of the kiln and the outer surfaces of the end walls uniting the heating-chambers. The frames G G travel up and down in the spaces between said surfaces. The frame G travels at the on d of the kiln in which the pans enter, and the frame G at the opposite end. onsequently the latter has two sets of bars, g, as it has to deliver from the chamber (J to the chamber C, and also from the chamber (7 to the chamber C, while the frame G delivers from the chamber 0 to the chamber C only.

9 g are sections of ways or tracks secured to the sides of the bars g and corresponding to the ways 0 of the chambers, so that the pans can be pushed from said ways onto the sections g to be lowered by the frames G i from one heating-chamber to another.

The mechanism for elevating the frames G G is as follows:

ll ll are vertical water-cylinders, in which move pistons or pl linger-blocks h i 72 the upper ends of said plungers or pistons being secured to the center of the base-plates g g of the frames G l. The upper ends of said cylinders are so situated that when the frames are at their lowest points the plates g will be but a slight distance above the cylinders and supported by brackets of frames extending from the ends of the kiln, as shown. The lower end of each cylinder is connected by two tubes, 7: 71 with a large water receptacle or reservoir, II, which is sufliciently above the cylinders for the water-pressure to cause each piston 71 to move upward in its cylinder when the frames G G are empty, but not to prevent it from moving downward when a pan is on the corresponding frame. Each tube 71. is provided with a valve, 7L3, opening toward the cylinder and controlled by the lever 71, and each tube 72 with a valve, its, and controlled by the lever h, which opens toward the receptacle H. hen either frame is at its lowest point, the valve 7: of the tube 7L of the corresponding cylinder is opened, and the water-pressure causes the frame to rise to its highest position. A pan is then pushed on, and, the former valve being closed, the valve 7r is opened, and the frame descends with its pan, as described.

The pans, with their contents, descend continuously through the Cllttll'll.)0l'$,t1'1(.l are 0011- tinuously lowered from one chamber to another, all ren'iaining in each chamber an equal length of time and gradually becoming more heated as they descend.

To the rear of the wall A are the dryingchambers I J, the former being at the housing for said chambers and extending transversel y entirely across the same. At the ends of the chamber are vertically-slidii1g doors z' 2', with weights 2" 1" attached, running over pulleys to countcrbalance them, as shown, and it has upon its floors the ways 1 upon which cars containing undried brick maybe moved into the chamber and have a portion of their moisture removed. The chamber J has also a sliding door, j, with counterbalancingweights at one end, but has no ways, it being more especially adapted to drying cart-heir ware vessels and such articles. To one end of the chamber J is a tire box, K, having a grate, It, and ash-pit 71:.

A k are hinged doors in the end wall of the housing I'LlSPEBC'tlVGl) for the tire-box and ash-pit.

The heat and products of combustion pass from the fire-box through a horizontal line, It, between the door of the chamber I and roof of chamber 1, and pass thence by a proper opening, If, in the side of the housing, as shown. Both chambers are thus su'lticientlyheated. The fire-box K is not used, however, except when. the kiln is not hot enough to properly heat the drying-c hambers. \Yhen the kiln is sutficiently heated, enough heat comes from the wall. for drying purposes.

L L are tubes or lines running through the wall A, from the lire chamber or line (Z into the drying-chaml)er, and provided with the dampers I l, which, when the heatis too great from the kiln, may be opened, so as to allow .some heat to escape into the drying-chainber.

In the above method, besides the great rapidity of baking the brick, the fact that they are gradually brought to the hottest baking chamber, and that the greatest heat is therefore gradually applied, prevents the water that they may retain from bursting.theni, the water being evaporated as they descend.

It is obvious that different mechanisms may be used for raising and lowering the frames and moving the pans such, for instance, as stez'un-power and gearing. I therefore do not limit myself to the use ot' hydraulic power only to effect the objects.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1'. In a kiln to burn brick or other articles, the combination of the tire-boxes, the parallel heatirig-chambers successively approximating the same, but not receiving any ot the flame or products of comlimstion therefrom, and mechanism, suliistantially as described, whereby the bricks are brought continuously nearer and nearer the tire-boxes and then discharged from the kiln.

2. In a kiln to burn brick or other articles, the combination of the fire-boxes, the parallel heating-chambcrs successively approximating the same, the racks, gearing, and crankaxles by which the pans bearing the brick are successively moved into the chambers, and mechanism, substantially as described,wlrereby the pans are lowered from the alternate ends of the heating-chamber to the next lower chamber and brought continuously near the fire-boxes, substantially as specified.

In a kiln to burn brick or other articles, the combination of the fireboxes, the parallel heating-chambers successively approximating the same, the racks, gearing, and crankaxles by which the pans bearing thebrick. are successively moved into the chambers, the frames reciprocating between the end walls of the kiln and the end walls ot the heatingchambers and lowering the pans from one chamber to another, and mechanisms, substantially as described, whereby said frames are actuated.

4. In a kiln to burn ln-icks orother articles, the combination of the tire-boxes, the parallel heati ng chambers successively approximating the same, the racks, gearing, and-crankaxles to move the lnfick-carrying pans into the chambers, the vertical reciprocating frames to lower said pans from each chamber to the next lower one, the vertical water-cylinders below said frames, the plungers or pistons moving therein. and supporting the reciprocating frames, the reservoir situated suliieicntly high above the cylinder, and the pipes 71. 72?, connecting the reservoir and cylinders and controlled, respectively, by the valves 71 h substantially as specified.

In a brick-kiln, the combination of the tire-boxes, the parallel heating-chambcrs (l C C C", successively approximating the same, the mechanism, substantially as described, to move the brick continuously through the chambers, and a casing, I), within the chamher 0 and havin around it the fire space or line (I, in which the liame and products of combustion of the fire-box. penetrate, butnot within the casing D, substantially as specified.

(S. In a brick-kiln, the combination of the lire-boxes, the parallel heating-chambers successively approximating the same, the tire space or line (I in the lower chamber, C the dryingchamber separated by the vertical wall A from the kiln proper and the fines L, running through said wall A, and the valves Z, by means of which heat can be admitted into the drying-chambers when the kiln is too hot, substantially as specified.

7 In a kiln for bricks or other articles, the combination of the fire boxes, the parallel heating-chanibers C (1' C C, all provided with the ways the pans 0, moving on said ways, the pans constructed, substantially as described, to cover the brick. on said pans, the crank-axles, the gearing, and racks to move the pans into the chambers, and platforms f, on which the racks move, the vertical1y-reciprocating lowering-frames having upon them the sections of ways g to receive the pans from the ways 0 of the heating-chambers, and mechanisms, substantially as described, to actuate said frames.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing my own Ialiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN TABER.

lVitnesses:

FRED W. PRINDaLL, Cass, H. PARKER.

Images