US394461A - Steam-generator - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. D. COPELAND.

STEAM GENERATOR.

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(No Model.)

No. 394,461. Patented Dec. 11, 1888.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

LITCIUS D. COPELAND, OF CAMDEN, NEIV JERSEY.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,461, dated December 11, 1888.

Application filed November 19, 1887. Serial No. 255,635. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern; A A, Fig. 1, represent the two main cylin- Be it known that I, LUCIUS D. COPELAND, a ders, connected by a conical section, ],which citizen of. the United-States, residing at Cainparts constitute the external shell or casing 55 den,in the county of Camden and State of New of the boiler. \Vithin this shell, at a slight Jersey,have invented certain new and useful distance therefrom, is another shell, C, of Improvements in Steam-Generators; and I do like form and contour. Both shells are lined hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, with asbestus, as shown at D, or with other and exact description of the invention, referequivalent non-conducting material, to con- 60 ence being had to the accompanying drawline and prevent the radiation of heat. The ings, which form part of this specification. non-conducting material is secured to the My invention has relation to certain immetal of the casings by suitable rivets or provements in the type of safety steam-boilbolts, (I. Between the asbcstus lining of the ers constituting the subject of Letters Patshell A A and the surface of the shell C C is 65 ent of the United States No. 360,759, issued left a space, I), which surrounds the entire to me the 5th day of April, A. D. 1887, and shell C, and which is designed to form an specially designed for use on steam-tricycles, air-space having inlet apertures or slots (1 in pleasure-boats, and small vehicles and "esthe base or bed-plate A of the boiler. The sels. object of this space is to permit of a free cir- 70 My invention consists in the novel construcculation of air between the two shells and tion, combination, and arrangement of parts, prevent as far as possible the communication hereinafter described, whereby the efficiency of heat to the outer shell. of the boiler is increased and the rapid gen- As will be seen, the two shells or casings exeration of steam promoted. tend across the top of the boiler and form a 75 In my Patent No. 360,759 Ihave shown and dome, A which confines the heat, preventing described a form of tubular boiler especially its upward radiation and permitting of the 10- designed and adapted to be heated by means cation of the boiler below the seats of boats or of liquid fuel, although solid and vaporized vehicles. \Vithin the main cylinders are a fuel maybe used when desired. In such patnumber of steam-generating cylinders, E E, 80 ented steam-boiler the shell consists of two &c., anynumber of which may be used, though 0 main cylinders connected by a conical non- I have illustrated a central cylinder, E, with conductor to retain the heat. \Vithin the upsurrounding cylinders E, to correspond with per main cylinder or cylindrical sections are the arrangement shown in said patent. arranged a number of smaller cylinders hav- The cylinders E have fire-fines 6 extending 85 ing fire-fines and communicating with each from end to end, and drop or pendent water 5 other by means of short pipes entering their legs or tubes f f, which extend from the botsteam and water spaces, so as to produce a cirtoms of the cylinders, as shown, down into the culation between them. lower cavity or chamber of the main cylinder The improvements hereinafter described or casing, the latter constituting the combus- 9o contemplate the adoption and use of the gention-chamber, in which is located a grate, at 40 eral form and arrangement of parts described omizer, or other adjunct for burning fuel,

and shown in the patent referred to, with either solid, liquid, or gaseous. such slight modifications as the additional The central cylinder, E, may have six firefeatures constituting my invention render exfines and one central water-leg, f, while the 5 pedient. surrounding cylinders, E, may have each five Referring to the accompanying drawings, fire-fines and three Water-1egs;but.the number Figure 1 is a Vertical central section of a of fines and water-legs maybe varied and their boiler embodying my invention; Fig. 2, a location changed. plan view of a modification; Fig. 3, a per- In my Patent No. 360,759 the water-legs of I00 spective view of awater-leg, and Fig. asimithe cylinders are simply plain cylindrical 5o lar view of one of the cylinders. Fig. 5 is a tubes, but I now provide each tube with an section through a portion of the boiler shell external longitudinal flange or Web, g, for the purpose of increasing the heating-surface,

or casing.

These flanges are arranged in vertical planes, so as to offer no obstruction to the free passage of the flames upward. These flanges may be in the form of continuous webs; but to compensate for expansion and contraction I prefer to divide them into short sections by means of horizontal kerfsor slits g, cut at regular intervals. I also arrange within each water-leg a supplemental concentric tube, g of sufficiently small diameter to leave a watercirculation space, h, between the two, communication being had between the interior of the tube g and the water leg at the bottom through notches y out in the lower end of the supplemental tube. As the water in the leg becomes heated its tendency is to rise in the space h toward the cylinder. This allows the water in the supplemental tube to descend and take its place in the space h, thus keeping up a constant circulation and producing rapid heating and generation of steam.

The central cylinder, E, I have found it expedient to elongate, in order to increase its capacity and enlarge its heating-surface Accordingly I extend it both above and below the ends of the surrounding cylinders, the upper end entering or nearly entering the dome of the casing. The connections of the central cylinder with the water or steam space of the outer cylinders are made by means of tubes c' rising from the upper ends of the outer cylinders and entering the side of the central cylinder. The tube couplings are such as will allow of connection and disconnection "ra'ngement and relation of the cylinders withbeing easily made. The outer: cylinders are also connected to and their water-spaces in communication with the central cylinder near the lower end of the former by means of transverse or horizontal branches i.

The water-leg of the central cylinder differs from that shown in my patent in being extended through the center of the cylinder to near the top thereof and provided with an internal supplemental tube, It, terminating a short distance from or above the lower end of the water-leg and extending above the cylinder. At its upper end this tube is connected to a drum or steam-cylinder, L, from which steam is taken for consumption. The steam from the outer cylinders entering the central cylinder, wherein its temperature is raised, enters the water-leg through the top, and thence passes downward and into the supplemental tube, through which it is conducted to the engine by pipe L. By this means its temperature and pressure are highly increased, as in passing through the lower portion of the central water-leg it is brought into the direct and close influence of the fire.

Various changes may be made in the arout departing from the spirit of the invention. Instead of having a single cylinder with a series of cylinders surrounding the same, the cylinders may be arranged in parallel rows,

as shown in Fig. 2, the outer rows being in communication with the intermediate row, which in turn communicates by separate central tubes with the steam-pipe above.

The arrangement of the fire-fiues and waterlegs differs somewhat from those shown in Fig. 1. In the latter the'water-legs of the the cylinders, so as to be in close proximity to the fires, and these legs have on their outer surfaces longitudinal web's or ii nges to increase the heating-surface. In the modification illustrated in Fig. 2 the water-legs depend from the outer halves of' the cylinders, while the fire-fines extend throughthe inner halves. The steam or water of circulation is conducted to the intermediate cylinders through branches connected with the cylinders on the outer side of their common diameters.

All the cylinders in the modification are provided with radial external webs, Z, correspond- :ing to those on the water-legs of Fig. 1 and for the same purpose;

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. In a steam-generator, the combination, with water-legs, of external longitudinal flanges or webs formed thereon or attached thereto divided into sections, substantially as described.

2. In a steamgenerator, the combination, with a series of cylinders, E, of a central or intermediate cylinder or cylinders, the latter being elongated or extended into the firespace and above the water-level, so as to constitute a superheater, substantially as described.

3. In a steam-generator, the combination, with the cylinder E, having the depending leg f, continued or extended to near the top of the cylinder, of the internal tube, It, terminating near the bottom of said leg and communicating therewith and with the steam-pipe L, substantially as described.

4. A non-conducting casing for steam-boilers, consisting of two metallic cylinders, A and O inclosed one within the other and each formed with a dome, the whole being supported upon a bed-plate having air-passages (Z d, each of said cylinders and domes being lined with non-conducting fabric, and a coldair space communicating solely with the outer air at the base of the struct-in'e, being left between the lining of the outer cylinder and the surface of the inner cylinder, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 14th day of November, 1887.

LUCIUS D. COPELAND.

WVitnesses:

Jos. B. CoNNoLLY, R. DALE SIEABHAWK.

outer cylinders depend from the inner half of

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