US3943349A - Method and device for recording, in real time, non uniformly variable data with compression of data during periods of relatively slow variation thereof - Google Patents

Method and device for recording, in real time, non uniformly variable data with compression of data during periods of relatively slow variation thereof Download PDF

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US3943349A
US3943349A US05/473,705 US47370574A US3943349A US 3943349 A US3943349 A US 3943349A US 47370574 A US47370574 A US 47370574A US 3943349 A US3943349 A US 3943349A
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data
input
unit
output
registers
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Patrice Abel
Pierre Duverne
Jean-Bernard Elziere
Jerome Verchere de Reffye
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Electricite de France SA
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Electricite de France SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R13/00—Arrangements for displaying electric variables or waveforms
    • G01R13/04—Arrangements for displaying electric variables or waveforms for producing permanent records
    • G01R13/06—Modifications for recording transient disturbances, e.g. by starting or accelerating a recording medium
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/005—Circuits for altering the indicating characteristic, e.g. making it non-linear
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/12—Measuring rate of change

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  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrammatic representations of the means of compression used in the method and the device of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the whole of the device of the invention, using the method of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration of the switching equipment of the device illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the calculator and comparator unit of the device illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 6, finally, gives an outline of a cell of the logic unit of the device, illustrated in FIG. 3, and the associated cell of the control unit.
  • the aim is to store in memory the smallest quantity of data enabling the reproduction, with an error below a given limit, of the variations of the phenomenon under study.
  • the successive data are stored at a variable rate, the rate being greater when the phenomenon evolves rapidly.
  • a method which consists in systematically comparing the mean value of the two outer data of a set of three successive data, separated by two equal time intervals, with the centre data of this set of three. If the difference between this mean value and the centre data is small (in fact smaller than a predetermined limit), the variation is substantially linear for the duration of the set of three data, and the storing of the centre data gives hardly any additional information; if, on the other hand, the deviation between the mean value of the two outer data and the centre data is great (in fact, if it exceeds the aforesaid predetermined limit) there was a rapid variation over the duration of the set of the three data and so it is important to keep the centre data value in memory.
  • FIG. 1 two successive sets of three data are represented, namely A with data a, b, and c, and B with data c, d, and e.
  • a first comparison may be made on the set c, d, e, and if data d deviates only slightly from the mean of data c and e, data d is eliminated.
  • data b is eliminated.
  • the comparison is made between three successive data c, d, e, or a, b, c, or, finally, a, c, e, with an equal time interval between the first and second data, on the one hand, and the second and third data on the other, of the set of three data on which the comparison is made ( ⁇ t being the constant time interval between a and b, b and c, c and d, d and e).
  • FIG. 2 there is an illustration of a curve D (in solid line) representing the phenomenon, the range E being plotted against the time t.
  • this curve D there are successive data a, b, c, of a set of three data, the two time intervals between data b and a, on the one hand, and the data c and b, on the other being equal to the elementary sampling interval ⁇ t.
  • the mean between the ranges a o a and c o c of data a and c is b o b', close to b o b, the amplitude of data b. It is seen that if b' is close to b, the variation between a and c is substantially linear and that consequently the information lost through the suppression of data b is negligible.
  • FIG. 3 is a view of the whole device, whilst FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 illustrate with more detail some of the components in FIG. 3.
  • the device includes first of all an analog-to-digital sampler-converter 1 receiving on its signal input 2, the analog signal f representing the phenomenon under study; the signal f can, for example, be generated by a suitable pick-up delivering an electric signal directly proportional to the amplitude of the phenomenon under study.
  • This converter 1 converts the range of the analog signal f into a number of n bits in the pure binary code, that is to say into a number including n binary digits (only 0s and 1s).
  • all the n conductors designed to transmit a number of n bits are represented by one single conductor crossed by an oblique line with the letter n.
  • the converter 1 also has a control input 3 which receives pulses g from a clock 98 at regular time intervals ⁇ t, these pulses g causing the sampling, at a constant rate and in digital (binary) form, of the data from the signal f.
  • a first set of shift registers 5 0 , 5 1 , 5 2 . . . 5 13 , 5 14 , 5 15 supposing that the first set includes, as in the illustrated device, sixteen registers.
  • the input 6 0 of the first register 5 0 is connected to the output 4 of the converter 1, whilst the input 6 1 , 6 2 , . . . 6 13 , 6 14 , 6 15 of each of the other registers 5 1 to 5 15 is connected to the output 7 0 to 7 14 of the preceding register of the set (for example, the input 6 1 of register 5 1 is connected to the output 7 0 of register 5 0 ).
  • Each register 5 0 to 5 15 of the first set of shift registers also has a control input 8 0 to 8 15 which is designed to control, in reply to a control pulse h 0 to h 15 , the transfer of the data in binary form contained in that register to the following register (on the right) through the connection between the output of 7 of that register and the input 6 of the following register (on the right).
  • the device includes also a second set of shift registers 9 1 , 9 2 , . . . 9 13 , 9 14 , 9 15 , which are intended to store the number of elementary time intervals ⁇ t separating the data which are actually in the corresponding registers 5 0 to 5 15 of the first set.
  • each register 9 1 to 9 14 Upstream of each register 9 1 to 9 14 is an adder 10 1 , 10 2 , . . . 10 13 , 10 14 , 10 15 , which is designed to add one unit each time that its control input 11 1 to 11 15 is activated by an impulse i 1 to i 15 .
  • Each register 9 of the second set also has a shift control input 17 1 to 17 15 which is designed to receive, as are the inputs 8 0 to 8 14 of the registers 5 0 to 15 14 , the shift pulses h 0 to h 14 .
  • the output 7 15 of the register 5 15 of the first set of registers and the output 16 15 of the register 9 15 of the second set are connected respectively to the data input 18 a and to the time interval input 18 b of a memory 18 with two parts 18c and 18d for data and time intervals respectively; this memory is intended to store the significant data, which are not eliminated in the compression process, and the time intervals separating the successive recorded data, all of which is for later use.
  • the memory 18 also receives shift pulses h 15 for the recording of data at successive intervals.
  • this memory 18 Associated with this memory 18 is an address unit 19 which enables a selection, via line 20, to be made of the successive cells of the memory in which the data storing takes place, and, via line 21, the addition of one unit to the address of the address-zeroing-pulses j that can be applied to the input 22 of the unit 19.
  • the choice of the set of three data is made by switching means made up of three multiplexors 23a, 23b, 23c, which have data inputs, such as 24, and a control input 25a, 25b, 25c.
  • the multiplexer 23a has 15 data inputs 24, the first of which is connected to the output 4 of the converter 1 and the others are connected to the outputs 7 0 to 7 13 of the registers 5 0 to 5 13 ; the fifteen data inputs 24 of the multiplexer 23b are connected to the outputs 7 0 to 7 14 of the registers 5 1 to 5 14 ; finally the fifteen inputs 24 of the multiplexer 23c are connected respectively to the outputs 7 1 to 7 15 of the registers 5 1 to 5 15 .
  • the first item of a set of three data, transmitted by the multiplexer 23a cannot be one of the last two data of the registers 5 14 and 5 15 which come before the recording in memory (in 18c), that the second data of the set of three transmitted by the multiplexer 23b can be neither the first data leaving the converter 1, nor the last data leaving the register 5 15 prior to storage, and that finally the multiplexor 23c cannot treat as the last data of a set of three the first two data of the converter 1 or of the register 5 0 .
  • control inputs 25a, 25b and 25c they are controlled from an address unit of the multiplexers forming part of the control unit, as described below.
  • FIG. 4 there is a more detailed illustration of the structure of a unit such as 23a, 23b or 23c.
  • Each of these units has 15 AND gates 27 1 to 27 14 , more generally (q-1) gates, with two inputs, one 24 (see also FIG. 3), which receives the data from an output of the type 4 or 7 0 to 7 15 (FIG. 3), and the other 25, which receives the selection order from a decoder 28 with four inputs 29 and fifteen outputs 30 1 to 30 15 , that is one output per gate 27 1 to 27 15 .
  • the decoder 28 feeds one, and only one, of its outputs 30, namely the output feeding, via the line 32 1 to 32 15 , the input 25 of the AND gate 27 corresponding to this series number. Only this gate 27, of the fifteen gates 27 1 to 27 15 , has its input 25 fed, and so transmits on its output 33 1 to 33 15 , the signal arriving at the input 24.
  • the outputs 33 1 to 33 15 are connected to the inputs 34 1 to 34 15 of an OR gate 36. Consequently the OR gate 36 will transmit, on its output 37, the bit 1 or 0 depending on whether the input 24 of the AND gate 27, the input 25 of which is fed, receives a 1 or 0.
  • each unit illustrated in FIG. 4 is formed by a plug-in card 38 and in this case n cards 38 are required to make up a unit 23a. It will be the same for units 23b and 23c. Consequently there will be 3n units of the type illustrated in FIG. 4 to make up the set of multiplexors 23a, 23b and 23c forming the switching equipment which directs towards a calculator and comparator unit 39, three successive items of data, making up a set of three, from the converter 1 and the registers 5 0 to 5 15 .
  • the calculator and comparator unit 39 (FIG. 3) is illustrated in detail in FIG. 5 in which may be found first of all the three outputs 37a, 37b and 37c of the multiplexers 23a, 23b and 23c respectively.
  • 37a and 37c transmit the two outer data (for example, data a and c) of the set of three and 37b transmits the centre data (for example data b) of the set of three (see FIG. 1 about data a, b and c).
  • Unit 39 illustrated in detail in FIG. 5, includes first of all an adder 40, which carries out the addition of the data arriving at its inputs 40a and 40c from the aforesaid outputs 37a and 37c, it being understood that each of these data has n bits.
  • This sum is normally made up of (n+1) bits, namely n bits on the outputs 41 1 to 41 n and one bit on the carry-over output 41(n+1).
  • the division by two, to acquire the means of the data coming in 40a and 40c is performed by suppressing the last bit (the bit with the least weight) normally developed by output 41 1 which does not deliver its output to any other device.
  • the output of the highest row 41 (n+1) delivers the carry figure (if there is one).
  • the adder 40 works out, with the suppression of the bit generated by output 41 1 , (Ya + Yc)/2, in other words the arithmetic mean of Ya and Yc.
  • Unit 42 is also an adder which receives, on the one hand on its inputs 43, the bits coming from outputs 41 2 to 41.sub.(n +1 ) of the adder 40, on other words (Ya + Yc)/2, and, on the other hand on its input 44 the n bits from the output 45 of an inverter 46, the input 47 of which is connected to the output 37b of the multiplexor 23a, in other words the digital value Yb of the range Ec (FIG. 2) of the data b, the output 45 delivering -Yb.
  • the adder 42 works out the addition of (Ya + Yc)/2, coming from the unit 40, and -Yb, that is the difference between the arithmetic mean of the two outer values Ya and Yc of the set of three and the centre value Yb of the same set.
  • the carry-over of the adder 42 is sent on to an additional input 49 of this adder: that is a planned contrivance in this particular embodiment, to carry out the inversion and the algebraic sum in units 46 and 42:
  • in unit 46 the inversion by complementation to 1 is carried out, by inverting each bit (the 1s being converted into 0s and the 0s into 1s) by use on to n elementary NOT gates for the n bits of Yb in the unit 46, whilst in unit 42, the algebraic sum, in fact the difference, is worked out by complementation to 2, by adding one bit in case of carry-over, whence the connection via line 50 between the output 48 and the input 49 of the unit 42.
  • the output 51 of the unit 42 is connected to the first input 52 of a unit 53 which receives at its second input 54 the carry-over generated by output 48 of the unit 42 having passed through an inverter 55.
  • the unit 53 determines the absolute value of the difference (Ya + Yc)/2 -Yb delivered by output 51 of unit 42 due to the following arrangement: the unit 53 has an exclusive OR gate, the output 56 of which is fed only if one input, and only one, 52 or 54 is fed.
  • unit 57 is a properly called comparator which receives at 58, via the set of n lines represented in 59, the n bits of the absolute value of the aforesaid difference, and also at 60, via all the n lines 61, the n bits of the limit k which serves to sort out the data to be eliminated: if the difference is smaller, in absolute value, than the limit k, the data in question is eliminated; if this difference is greater, in absolute value, than the limit k, it is kept (depending on the case, there is a choice between keeping or eliminating the centre data if the absolute value of the difference and k are equal).
  • the output 62 of 57 is fed or not, depending on whether or not there is reason to keep the data Yb in question.
  • the output 62 of the comparator 57 is connected (FIG. 3), through a conductor 63, to the control unit 64 of the summation circuits 10 1 to 10 15 and also to the shift control unit of the registers 5 0 to 5 15 as well as 9 1 to 9 15 under the control of the priority logic unit 66.
  • FIG. 6 there will follow a description of the priority logic unit 66 and the control means (control units 64 and 65 and address unit 26 of the multiplexers 23) in FIG. 3. It will be noted that in FIG. 6 there is an illustration of a single cell corresponding to a particular register 9 (there are in fact (q-1) cells of this type).
  • the purpose of the priority logic unit 66 is to determine, from among the pairs of equal time intervals between three successive data stored in the registers 5 0 to 5 15 of the first set or leaving the converter 1, which are those for which these intervals are the biggest, and, in the event of there being simultaneously several pairs of successive equal intervals, which are those which are the furthest to the right, that is to say, closest to memory 18.
  • each adder 10 adds one unit in the event of suppression of the data stored in the corresponding register 5
  • each register 9 encloses the number of elementary intervals ⁇ t
  • the data of the corresponding register 5 is shifted in relation to the data in the register 5 immediately to the left.
  • Each unit 67 determines the number of elementary intervals ⁇ t between the data of two successive registers 5.
  • the role of the priority logic unit 66 is to compare the number of intervals ⁇ t determined by the units 67.
  • the logic unit 66 (FIG. 6) includes first of all an AND gate 68, the first input 69 of which is connected to the output 70 of the associated subtracter unit 67 and the second input 71 of which is connected to the output 72 of the identical cell of the unit 66 on its right; the cell furthest to the right, the input 70 of which is connected to the output 70 15 of the unit 67 15 , receives on its input 71 the initialization bit "1".
  • the AND gate 68 developes a signal on its output 73 if the two inputs 69 and 71 simultaneously receive a "1".
  • Each elementary cell of the unit 66 also includes an inverter 74 and a second AND gate 75, the first input 76 of which receives the same signal as the input 71 of the gate 68, since it is connected to the output 72 of the cell immediately to the right, and the second input 77 of which receives the same signal as the input 69 of the gate 68, but after inversion in the inverter 74, since it is connected to the output 70 through said inverter.
  • the AND gate 75 delivers on its output when its two inputs 76 and 77 simultaneously receive a 1, that is to say when 72 delivers a 1 and 70 a 0. So it is noted that, if the gate 68 delivers, the output 70 delivers a 1, and so 77 receives a 0 and consequently the gate 75 does not deliver on its output 72 (in the diagram it has been supposed that it is the cell of row 13 in question and the two shown outputs 72 have been given the subscripts 13 and 14.)
  • each adder 10 1 -10 15 there will be in the successive registers 9 1 , 9 2 , . . . 9 13 , 9 14 , 9 15 bigger and bigger numbers.
  • the successive subtraction units 67 1 , 67 2 , . . . 67 14 , 67 15 determine the differences between these numbers and will show the equal differences between the biggest numbers furthest to the right, and so the set of three data on which the possible compression will have to be carried out.
  • the cells of the logic unit 66 will receive on their input 69, from the right, first of all 0 s, then a 1 will appear.
  • this 1 when this 1 reaches a cell, the input 69 of which is connected to an output 70 delivering a 1, it will be the AND gate 68 of that cell which will deliver, since its two inputs 69 and 71 receive a 1, whilst the AND gate 75 of this cell will not deliver since its input 77 receives a 0 owing to the fact of inversion in the inverter 69.
  • This 0 will be transferred towards the left all along the cascade of cells of unit 66 since all the inputs 76 of the gates 75 will receive a 0, so the gates 68 of these cells will receive a 0 on their input 71 and will not deliver.
  • the fifteen outputs 73 of the logic unit 66 are applied to the address unit 26 of the multiplexors 23a, 23b, 23c, which, via the four lines 31, feed the decoder 28 in FIG. 4. So the logic comparator unit 66 controls the addressing in the multiplexors 23a, 23b, and 23c, of the set of three data, delivered by the converter 1 and the registers 5 0 to 5 15 , on which the unit 39 will work out the comparison. In this case, it is the set of data in the registers 5 11 , 5 12 , 5 13 , which is dealt with.
  • each AND gate 68 also acts to control the units 64 and 64 thanks to the other gates illustrated in FIG. 6, of a cell of units 64 and 65.
  • Each cell of the shift control unit 65 has an AND gate 78, the first input 79 of which is connected to the output 73 of the AND gate 68 of the same cell and the second input 80 of which receives a signal m, via the line 63, of the output 62 of the calculator and comparator unit 39. If the AND gate 78 is fed at the same time at 79 and 80, it delivers on its output 81 a signal h which is sent both to the register 5 and its corresponding register 9.
  • one AND gate 78 will transmit on its output 81 the shift order of the corresponding registers 5 and 9 if the unit 39 decides that there is good reason to keep the content of the corresponding register 5 (signal m on the input 80), the selection of the registers 5 and 9 depending just on the cell the gate 78 of which receives a 1 from its associated gate 68.
  • a pulse g (FIG. 3) ensures, in the AND gate 95, synchronism with the sampling in the unit 1 which also receives g. To this end, the gate 95 receives h on its input 96 and g on its input 97.
  • line 63 transmits the information as to whether or not the centre data has been suppressed, not only to the shift control unit 65, but also to the summation control unit 64, which has, as illustrated in FIG. 6, three gates, i.e. OR gate 82, NAND gate 83, AND gate 84, in cascade.
  • the OR gate 82 has two inputs 85 and 86, the first of which receives the output signal of the AND gate 68 and the second of which receives a signal from the cell of the unit 64, immediately to the left (cell of row 12), that is from the output 87 12 of the gate 82 of that cell immediately to its left, the initialization of the input 86 of the cell furthest to the left of the unit 64 being effected at 0.
  • the output 87 13 of the gate 82 of the cell illustrated not only sends via line 88 the output signal on the input 86 of the cell immediately to the right, but also on the input 89 of the NAND gate 83 which has a second input 90 connected to the line 63 to receive the signal sent through output 62 of the calculator and comparator unit 39.
  • the AND gate 84 has two inputs 91 and 92; the first 91 is connected to the output 93 of the gate 83 and the second 92 receives the timer signal g which is also applied to the converter 1 and to the unit 65 from the timer 98.
  • the output 94 of the AND gate 84 delivers the output signal i, from the unit 64, which is sent to the control input 11 of the corresponding adder 10.
  • the unit 64 one cell of which was illustrated in FIG. 6, operates as follows:
  • OR gate 82 transmits a pulse if one of its inputs or both inputs 85, 86, are fed, that is to say if there is a signal on the output of the AND gate 68 and/or if its second input 86 receives a pulse from the cell immediately to the left, that is to say if, by recursion, any OR gate 82 to its left delivers. So the OR gate 82 of the unit 64, the associated AND gate of which delivers and the OR gates 82 which are to the right of an OR gate which delivers, feed their output 87. The corresponding line 88 will then feed the OR gate 82 immediately to its right on the input 86 and, by recursion, the inputs 86 of the OR gates 82 to its right.
  • the input 89 of the NAND gate 83 is fed. If, at the same time, the input 90 of this gate 83 is also fed from the output 62 of the unit 39 (FIG. 3), the NAND gate 83 will not deliver. This gate will only deliver if either of its two inputs 89 and 90 are not fed, that is to say if the gate 82 of its cell does not deliver (and so if the corresponding gate 68 and the gates 68 further to the left do not deliver), or if the unit 39 has given the order for the suppression of the centre data of the set of three data which it has been considering. In that case, the output 93 will deliver a signal which the gate 84 synchronizes with the time signals g for an output in 94 of the unit 64.
  • the summation order i available on the output 94 is applied to the corresponding summing circuit 10.
  • the analog signal f arising from the phenomenon under study, is sampled by the analog/digital converter 1 at regular intervals determined by the pulses g from the timer 98.
  • the converter 1 transforms the analog signal into a binary number of n bits which move successively from left to right in the cascade or set of registers 5. Proportionately as the successive registers are filled by shift from left to right under the influence of the signal h, comparison between the three data of sets of three data chosen by the priority logic unit 66 are worked out in the calculator and comparator unit 39, each set of three data being channelled through the multiplexers 23a, 23b and 23c under control from the address unit 26 of the multiplexers, controlled by unit 66.
  • the data all move one row in the registers 5, under the control of pulse h from the unit 66: the data which was in the last register on the right, 5 15 , is transferred into part 18c of memory 18, whilst a new data is inscribed in the first register 5 0 from the converter 1.
  • each register 9 encloses the number of elementary time intervals ⁇ t separating the data contained in the two corresponding successive registers 5.
  • the number with p digits, which is in the last register 9 15 is recorded in part 18d of memory 18 at the same time as the corresponding data is recorded (from the register 5 15 ) in the part 18c of memory 18.
  • the shift control unit 65 only orders the shift to the right in the set of registers 5 on the left of the register 5 which contains this centre data to be suppressed, and the same for the corresponding registers 9. In these conditions the data of this register 5 and the number of the corresponding register 9, which are to be suppressed, are not shifted towards the right, and so are automatically erased by the movement of the data and the number which are in the register 5 and the register 9 immediately on their left. In this case, no storing takes place in memory 18 from the registers 5 15 and 9 15 , the content of which is not transferred.
  • the device as set out in the invention does not pose the delicate problem of synchronization, since it is the signal itself which orders the rate of sampling best adapted to its frequency characteristics: the slowly variable part of the phenomenon under study is translated by a small number of data recorded in memory, most of the space in this memory being devoted to the variations of the phenomenon; this occurs automatically without any outside intervention, thereby avoiding any waste of memory space.
  • the device as set out in the invention respects the signal under study providing a sampling frequency is chosen that is more than double the maximum frequency of the spectrum of the analog signal representing the phenomenon under study.
  • the device according to the invention can be made entirely automatic.
  • a multi-track system may be operated, by synchronizing several simple devices of the type described or by planning for the devices of the system a common part at the level of compression of data in the event of correlated phenomena.
  • the device as set out in the invention may be used in measuring disturbance, that is to say to record transient phenomena, the beginning of the disturbance itself causing the increase in frequency of recordings in memory.
  • One use to which the device may be put is the monitoring, in a high voltage station, of possible faults of the electricity distribution network; the relevant data when a fault appears are automatically recorded at a very quick sampling rate, so that it is possible to use a memory of reduced capacity.
  • It can also be used for the recording of transients in the checking of electric transformers and disjunctor units.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
  • Memory System (AREA)
  • Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Transmission In General (AREA)
  • Analogue/Digital Conversion (AREA)
  • Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
  • Recording Measured Values (AREA)
  • Reduction Or Emphasis Of Bandwidth Of Signals (AREA)
US05/473,705 1973-05-29 1974-05-28 Method and device for recording, in real time, non uniformly variable data with compression of data during periods of relatively slow variation thereof Expired - Lifetime US3943349A (en)

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FR7319565A FR2231972B1 (de) 1973-05-29 1973-05-29
FR73.19565 1973-05-29

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JP (1) JPS5444420B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1015854A (de)
CH (1) CH581884A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2423351B2 (de)
ES (1) ES426754A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2231972B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1468218A (de)
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US4751673A (en) * 1982-03-22 1988-06-14 The Babcock & Wilcox Company System for direct comparison and selective transmission of a plurality of discrete incoming data
WO1995034032A1 (en) * 1994-06-03 1995-12-14 Motorola Inc. System for transmitting the minimum data required to modify electronically stored documents
US20040228533A1 (en) * 2003-05-15 2004-11-18 Adelmann Todd C. Data compression

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JPS5819229A (ja) * 1981-07-24 1983-02-04 株式会社東芝 携帯用長時間心電図記録装置
JPS6029834A (ja) * 1983-07-06 1985-02-15 Fuji Electric Co Ltd デ−タ処理方法
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US4152085A (en) * 1977-02-16 1979-05-01 Brisson Arthur J Walking beam attachment for rear axles and the like
US4751673A (en) * 1982-03-22 1988-06-14 The Babcock & Wilcox Company System for direct comparison and selective transmission of a plurality of discrete incoming data
EP0130428A1 (de) * 1983-06-24 1985-01-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Störungserkennungs- und -aufzeichnungssystem
WO1995034032A1 (en) * 1994-06-03 1995-12-14 Motorola Inc. System for transmitting the minimum data required to modify electronically stored documents
US6356961B1 (en) * 1994-06-03 2002-03-12 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for minimizing an amount of data communicated between devices and necessary to modify stored electronic documents
US20040228533A1 (en) * 2003-05-15 2004-11-18 Adelmann Todd C. Data compression
US7197189B2 (en) 2003-05-15 2007-03-27 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. System and method having removable storage medium with data compression

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2231972A1 (de) 1974-12-27
IT1013246B (it) 1977-03-30
DE2423351A1 (de) 1974-12-12
DE2423351B2 (de) 1976-09-02
ES426754A1 (es) 1977-01-01
CA1015854A (en) 1977-08-16
CH581884A5 (de) 1976-11-15
FR2231972B1 (de) 1977-04-29
JPS5022547A (de) 1975-03-11
SE404550B (sv) 1978-10-09
SE7407048L (de) 1974-12-02
JPS5444420B2 (de) 1979-12-26
GB1468218A (en) 1977-03-23

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