US3928958A - Method for producing spun yarn-like bulked yarns - Google Patents

Method for producing spun yarn-like bulked yarns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3928958A
US3928958A US518969A US51896974A US3928958A US 3928958 A US3928958 A US 3928958A US 518969 A US518969 A US 518969A US 51896974 A US51896974 A US 51896974A US 3928958 A US3928958 A US 3928958A
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yarns
difference
rubbing
twisting
snarls
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Expired - Lifetime
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US518969A
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Takeo Kurata
Tamotsu Hayazaki
Kyoko Murakami
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Asahi Kasei Corp
Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP12071573A external-priority patent/JPS5070637A/ja
Priority claimed from JP3062574A external-priority patent/JPS531855B2/ja
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/24Bulked yarns or threads, e.g. formed from staple fibre components with different relaxation characteristics
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/18Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by combining fibres, filaments, or yarns, having different shrinkage characteristics
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/34Yarns or threads having slubs, knops, spirals, loops, tufts, or other irregular or decorative effects, i.e. effect yarns

Definitions

  • 57/157 TS 57/[60 length of 3 to 40% in an optional direction at a twist Int 002G U D026 U D026 /3 coefficient of 10 to I40, rubbing thus twisted yarns to Field of Search 57/157 157 I57 form loops and snarls in the longer filament yarn, and
  • FIG. 1 A first figure.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing spun yarn-like bulked yarns having a number of loops and snarls. More particularly, it relates to a method for producing spun yarn-like bulked yarns by subjecting filament yarns to suitable twisting and rubbing actions to form a number of loops and snarls without using turbulent air-stream device.
  • bulked yarns have been produced by air-jet method which comprises jetting high pressure air or steam to filament yarns to form a number of loops and snarls on the surface of the filament yarns.
  • air-jet method which comprises jetting high pressure air or steam to filament yarns to form a number of loops and snarls on the surface of the filament yarns.
  • the inventors have made intensive research in an attempt to overcome the defects in the conventional techniques to accomplish a novel method for producing bulked yarns having suitable loops and snarls in a stable operation without using turbulent air-stream device as required for Taslan finishing.
  • the object of the present invention is to pro vide a method for producing spun yarn-like bulked yarns which comprises subjecting filament yarns having difference in length to suitable twisting and rubbing action to form a number of loops and snarls and which can be stably operated in a high efficiency and in low cost.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing spun yarn-like bulked yarns which comprises either twisting in an optional direction plural yarns having difference in length of 3 to 40% at a twist coefficient of 10 to 140, or twisting the yarns to a suitable extent in an optional direction and then untwisting the twisted yarns so that the number of the untwisting is below said first twist number and a remaining-twist coefficient (this is defined hereinafter) is in a range of 10 to 140, and subjecting the twisted yarns to rubbing 2 to form loops and snarls in longer yarn, and subsequently subjecting the twisted yarns to additional twisting in the direction of the first twist in a twist coefficient of at least 5 to set said loops and snarls generated by the rubbing.
  • plural yarns having difference in length of 3 to 40% are twisted at a given twist coefficient range, then are rubbed to form loops and snarls in longer yarn and simultaneously to form core yarn of shorter yarn, thereafter additional twist is given to the yarns to set the position of loops and snarls formed by rubbing.
  • Size and amount of the loops and snarls on the bulked yarn obtained in the present invention can be optionally controlled by suitably adjusting the difference in length of the initial yarns, number of twist given on the yarns and amount of rubbing.
  • FIG. 1(a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) are photographs (:25) of side view of spun yarn-like bulked yarns ob tained by the method of the present invention and are graded into five grades depending upon degree of the loops and snarls, namely, (a) is the lst grade, (blis the 2nd grade, it) is the 3rd grade, (d) is the 4th grade and (e) is the 5th grade;
  • FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram which shows rela tion between the difference in length of the yarns and formation of loops and snarls;
  • FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram which shows relation between the twist coefficient and formation of loops and snarls
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the steps of twisting rubbing additional twisting in the present in vention
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic views of examples of apparatus for the production of the bulked yarns in accordance with the present invention.
  • yarns of the lst grade have relatively small amount of loops and snarls and with the order of the 2nd grade, the 3rd grade and the 4th grade, degree of formation of loops and snarls gradually increases.
  • Yarns of the 5th grade have considerably greater amount of loops and snarls and are the highest in bulkiness.
  • the yarns of said lst to 5th grades have spun yarnlike hand and excellent bulkiness, but those of the 2nd to 5th grades are especially preferred.
  • the yarns of below the lst grade have extremely low degree of loops and snarls and are inferior in spun yarn-like hand.
  • the shorter yarns constitute cores of bulked yarns and any kinds of yarns such as spun 3 yarns or filament yarns of natural, regenerated or synthetic fibers and furthermore, monofilament yarns, hard twist yarns, bulked and crimped yarns may be used.
  • kind of the yarns may be optionally determined depending upon end use of the bulked yarns to be produced.
  • the method for imparting the difference of 3 to 40% in length of yarns and the method for twisting the yarns in an optional direction are as follows:
  • a difference is positively given in length of two yarns and the two yarns are then twisted with or without doubling.
  • Yarns consisting of filaments different in heat shrinkage or yarns different in heat shrinkage are doubled and heat treated before or after twisting step to shrink to cause difference of 3 to 40% in length.
  • Difference in length of two yarns is given by the difference of feeding amount of two yarns and by the combination of two different yarns different in heat shrinkage. Due to these two factors, a difference of 3 to 40% is obtained in length of the yarns.
  • any combination of yarns may be employed if the longer yarn meets the necessary requirements.
  • combination of yarns capable of resulting in difference of substantially 3 to 40% in length after heat treatment must be chosen.
  • the combination of yarns in this case are those of highly shrinkable fibers capable of easily shrinking with heat such as polyamide, polyester, polyolefin, polyacryl fibers and their bicomponent fibers, and low shrinkable fibers of regenerated fibers such as viscose rayon, cupra fibers, etc.
  • the combination of groups of plural yarns having different length may not necessarily comprises combination of two or more of same or different kind of yarns as mentioned above, but the bulked yarns may also be produced from two kinds of filaments different in heat shrinkage and simultaneously spun as a single yarn, or mixed yarns obtained by opening two kinds of yarns and mixing them. Therefore, groups of plural yarns" in the present invention also includes the latter two cases.
  • difference in length of yarns is very important for formation of loops and snarls.
  • the difference in length can be considered to be a latent requirement which determines size and amount of loops and snarls and the rubbing action in the post treatment is considered to be an acutallized requirement for forming loops and snarls.
  • loops and snarls of about the 1st to 2nd grades can be formed by increasing the amount of rubbing at the post treatment, but when the difference in length is less than 3%, loops and snarls are only slightly formed and spun yarn-like bulked yarns intended by the present invention cannot be obtained.
  • difference in length of the starting yarns is 3 to 40%, preferably 3 to 20%.
  • the yarns to which the difference in length is positively and previously imparted under the conditions as mentioned above must be then twisted in a given amount to obtain cohesion property.
  • the yarns may be previously twisted and then subjected to shrinking treatment to impart substantial difference in length.
  • the number of twist may be determined depending upon the desired degree of loops and snarls, but generally it may be obtained in accordance with the following formula:
  • twist coefficient a in said formula is 10 to 140, preferably 20 to 110. That is, when the twist coefficient is less than 10 in the present invention, cohesion property of yarns having difference in length is not in a preferred state and uniform loops and snarls are not formed in the longer yarn by the subsequent rubbing treatment and the loops and snarls are concentrated at a part of the yarns to cause formationn of neps. When the twist coefficient is more than 140, cohesion property becomes complete and filaments which constitute the longer yarn are not disassembled by rubbing to make it impossible to form spun yarn-like uniform loops and snarls.
  • the yarns to which the differences in length has been imparted are twisted in a range of twist coefficient of 10 to 140. It is sufficient that the twist coefficient suffices said range immediately before the subsequent rubbing step. Therefore, the yarns to which the difference in length has been imparted and which has been twisted in a twist coefficient of 10 to may be subjected to rubbing at the subsequent step to develop loops and snarls.
  • yarns to which the difference in length has been imparted and which have been twisted at an optional twist number and in an optional direction may be untwisted in a direction opposite to the direction of said twisting in such a manner that the untwist number is below the number of said twist to keep the remaining-twist coefficient of thus untwisted yarns at 10 to 140 and then the yarns may be subjected to rubbing to develop loops and snarls.
  • rubbing is carried out simultaneously with untwisting. Therefore, rubbing action is extremely good and substantially no breakage of yarns occurs.
  • particularly uniform loops and snarls can be formed.
  • the yarns to which differ-' ence in length has been given and which are twisted as explained above are then rubbed to develop loops and snarls.
  • This rubbing can be carried out with any materials which have a high abrasion resistance and do not damage the yarns (such material is called rubbing device" hereinafter).
  • the rubbing causes separation of Tension after rubbing device (g) Amoum of rubbing Tension before rubbing device (g)
  • amount of rubbing is suitably l.] to 20.0. Increase in the amount of rubbing more than required may damage the yarns.
  • yarn tension before rubbing device is at least 3g, generally 3 to 40g and preferably 5 to lSg.
  • rubbed yarns must be additionally twisted in the same direction as the first twisting to set the loops and snarls formed by said rubbing.
  • the number of the additional twist is preferably at least 5 in terms of twist coefficient. When this twist coefficient is smaller, the loops and snarls are moved due to a slight rubbing to cause formation of neps or ununiform loops and snarls.
  • spun yarn-like bulked yarns having loops and snarls of five grades as shown in photographs of FIG. I can be optionally produced depending upon the degree of difference in length imparted to the initial yarns, the number of twist and amount of rubbing.
  • FIG. 2 shows the contribution of difference in length to generation of loops and snarls. Thatis, highly shrinkable polyester filament yarns (90 /48f) having a dry heat shrinkage of 36% at 180C and polyester textured yarns (75)24j) were used and degree of figuration of loops and snarls was observed when the difference in length and amount of rubbing were changed with number of twist kept at constant (70 in terms of twist coefficient). Numerals in the graph of FIG. 2 represent amount of rubbing. As is clear from this FIG. 2, degree of figuration of loops and snarls considerably varies depending upon difference in length of yarns and amount of rubbing. With increase in difference in length, amount of rubbing can be relatively decreased.
  • FIG. 3 shows the contribution of twist coefficient (which also corresponds to remaining-twist coefficient) to generation of loops and snarls. That is, the same yarns as used in FIG. 2 were used and degree of figuration of loops and snarls was observed when twist coefficient and amount of rubbing were changed with difference in length (R I8.7l%) kept constant. Numerals in the graph of FIG. 3 represent amount of rubbing as in FIG. 2. As is clear from the FIG. 3, degree of generation of loops and snarls considerably varies depending upon twist coefficient and amount of rubbing and especially, there is optimum range in twist coefficient depending upon the yarns used.
  • FIG. 4 a model diagram of twistingrubbing+additional twisting steps in the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 shows the steps of twisting yarns having difference in length in an optional direction at a twist coefficient of ID to I40, then rubbing said yarns and additionally twisting in the same direction as the first twisting direction.
  • FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the steps of twisting the yarns having difference in length in an optional direction to a suitable extent, untwisting the twisted yarns in such a manner that remaining-twist coefficient is within the range of It) to I40, then rubbing the yarns and thereafter additionally twising the yarns in the same direction as the first twisting.
  • amount of untwisting varies depending upon amount of the first twisting, but in the present invention it is sufficient that said yarns are twisted in such a degree as 10 to I40 in terms of twist coefficient immediately before the rubbing and thus the amount of untwisting has no special limitation. Therefore, such steps as shown in (c) in FIG. 4 may be employed.
  • the embodiment of (a) in FIG. 4 corresponds to the embodiments (b) and (0) wherein amount of untwisting is zero.
  • twist indicated by dotted line in (b) and (c) in FIG. 4 is considered to be remaining twist and twist coefficient in this case is defined as remaining-twist coefficient.
  • FIG. 5 yarns l to which a difference in length of 3 to 40% has been given and which have been twisted are set in a ring twister and a rubbing device 3 is provided between feed roller 2 of said ring twister and twisting part 4.
  • said rubbing device 3 By said rubbing device 3, the yarns are rubbed to form loops and snarls and subsequently the yarns are additionally twisted in the twisting part 4.
  • a heater is provided before or after the feed roller 2 to obtain a difference in length of 3 to 40%.
  • FIG. 6 Another method for practicing the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • yarns 5 which comprise combination of two kinds of yarns different in heat shrinkage and which have been twisted in an optional direction are allowed to pass through heater 6 to shrink one kind of the yarns to impart a difference in length of substantially 3 to 40% and subsequently the yarns are allowed to pass through and contact with a cylindrical rotator which is rubbing device 7, whereby false twist and rubbing are imparted to the yarns. That is, a difference in length is imparted to substantially twisted yarns and then the yarns are continuously subjected to untwisting-*rubbingtwisting.
  • FIG. 6 yarns 5 which comprise combination of two kinds of yarns different in heat shrinkage and which have been twisted in an optional direction are allowed to pass through heater 6 to shrink one kind of the yarns to impart a difference in length of substantially 3 to 40% and subsequently the yarns are allowed to pass through and contact with a cylindrical rotator which is rubbing device 7, whereby false twist and rubbing are imparted to the
  • rotating direction of the rubbing device must be determined so that the yarns are rotated in the direction of untwisting immediately before the first twisted yarns contact with the rubbing device.
  • the number of twist when contacting with the rubbing device must be ID to I40 in terms of the remaining-twist coefficient.
  • the yarns are relaxed between a pair of rollers 8 and 9 before and after heater 6 and shrinking percentage of the yarns is determined by the velocity difference in rollers 8 and 9, and moreover move of twists must be prevented by roller 9 between heater 6 and rubbing device 7. This is because if roller 9 is not provided, untwisting torque extends to the heater part to heat-set the twists to result in yarns having torque as in the usual false twisting.
  • spun yarn-like bulked yarns having uniform loops and snarls and excellent in bulkiness can be economically and stably produced with use of extremely simple apparatus. Furthermore, soft and voluminous knitted fabrics having good warmth retainability is obtained by knitting the bulked yarns obtained by the pesent invention.
  • EXAMPLE l Highly shrinkable polyester filament yarns (75d/24f) having a dry heat shrinkage of 36% at 180C and polyester false twisted yarns (75d/24f) were twisted at S. 400T/M (twist coefficient a 50) in equal feeding amount by a ring twister. Then, with use of the apparatus as shown in FIG. 6 thus obtained twisted yarn was allowed to pass through a heater at 180C for 1 second with overfeeding of 20% to shrink the highly shrinkable polyester yarns to result in difference of 18.5% in length from the polyester false twisted yarns. At this time, the twisted yarn had a twist number of 480T/M due to the shrinking.
  • said twisted yarn was allowed to pass through a rubbing device in the form of a hollow cylinder, inside of which was made of urethane rubber and which had an inside diameter of 25 mm, at a speeed of 400 m/min and was taken up by a take-up apparatus.
  • Said rubbing device was rotated at 4,000 rpm and the yarn was allowed to contact with the rubbing device at a rubbing amount of 4.0 and a tension before rubbing device of 10 g.
  • the number of twist at that time was about 8.400 T/M and the number of twist of the final bulked yarn was 8.483 T/M.
  • Thus obtained bulked yarn was spun yarn-like soft yarn having loops and snarls which was graded as the th grade of (e) in FIG.
  • said bulked yarn was knitted into a fabric of Pont-de-Rome by a tubular knitting machine of 18 gauges to obtain ajersey having wool-like soft hand.
  • Said bulked yarns were additionally twisted at S. l ,300 T/M and were arranged as warp and weft at a warp density of 39 yarns/cm and a weft density of 26 yarns/cm to weave a georgette crepe.
  • This fabric had extremely irregular surface and bulkiness, but had markedly light hand and high elasticity.
  • EXAMPLE 5 Polyester filament yarn of d/36fwas twined around a core yarn of the same kind of polyester filament yarn by a covering twister to impart difference in length between the two filament yarns.
  • cove red yarn had a twist number of 2.500 T/M (a z 65) and a difference in length of 5% between the two filament yarns.
  • covered yarn was allowed to pass contacting with the rubbing device provided in the ring twister as shown in FIG. 5 at a rubbing amount of 8.8 and a tension of 4g before rubbing device to rub the yarn.
  • the yarn was then additionally twisted at 300 T/M in the direction of Z to obtain a bulked yarn of about the 2nd grade of (b) in FIG. 1.
  • a method for producing spun yarn-like bulked yarns which comprises twisting plural yarns having difference in length of 3 to 40% in an optional direction at a twist coefficient of I0 to I40, rubbing thus twisted yarns to form loops and snarls in longer filament yarns and subsequently additionally twisting the yarns in the direction of the first twisting so that the twist coefficient becomes at least 5 to set the loops and snarls formed by the rubbing action.
  • a method for producing spun yarn-like bulked yarn which comprises twisting plural yarns having differcnce of 3 to 40% in length to a suitable extent in an optional direction, then untwisting the twisted yarns in such a manner that the number of the untwisting is below the number of the first twisting and remainingtwist coefficient is within the range of 10 to I40, rubbing the yarns to form loops and snarls in longer filament yarns and subsequently additionally twisting the yarns in the direction of the first twisting so that the twist coefficient becomes at least 5 to set the loops and snarls formed by the rubbing action.
  • a method according to claim 1, wherein the difference in length of yarns is 3 to 5.
  • a method according to claim 1, wherein the difference in length is imparted to the yarns by difference in feeding amount of the yarns.
  • yarn tension before rubbing device is at least 3g.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US518969A 1973-10-29 1974-10-29 Method for producing spun yarn-like bulked yarns Expired - Lifetime US3928958A (en)

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JP12071573A JPS5070637A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-10-29 1973-10-29
JP3062574A JPS531855B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-19 1974-03-19

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FR (1) FR2249195B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1471590A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
HK (1) HK2578A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1021958B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4464894A (en) * 1978-02-27 1984-08-14 Phillips Petroleum Company Spun-like continuous multifilament yarn
US6854167B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2005-02-15 Milliken & Company Treatment of filament yarns to provide spun-like characteristics and yarns and fabrics produced thereby
US7127784B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2006-10-31 Milliken & Company Treatment of filament yarns to provide spun-like characteristics and yarns and fabrics produced thereby

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2019305B (en) * 1978-03-27 1982-10-27 Teijin Ltd Linear crystalline terephthalate polyester yarn and textile goods made therefrom

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3357171A (en) * 1966-02-25 1967-12-12 Kendall & Co Variable denier wrapped yarn
US3526084A (en) * 1967-12-11 1970-09-01 Burlington Industries Inc Production of unique yarns
US3645080A (en) * 1968-11-26 1972-02-29 Toray Industries Apparatus and method for manufacturing a fluffy yarn
US3683612A (en) * 1970-12-04 1972-08-15 Michel Buzano Apparatus and method for producing synthetic torque yarn
US3691750A (en) * 1971-03-18 1972-09-19 Ici Ltd Textured core yarns
US3756005A (en) * 1972-03-24 1973-09-04 Chavanoz Sa Process and apparatus for forming novelty effect yarns
US3777465A (en) * 1969-12-12 1973-12-11 Rhodiaceta Process and apparatus for manufacture of a thermoplastic yarn with residual twist
US3831360A (en) * 1971-11-05 1974-08-27 Heberlein & Co Ag Texturized staple fiber structures

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3357171A (en) * 1966-02-25 1967-12-12 Kendall & Co Variable denier wrapped yarn
US3526084A (en) * 1967-12-11 1970-09-01 Burlington Industries Inc Production of unique yarns
US3645080A (en) * 1968-11-26 1972-02-29 Toray Industries Apparatus and method for manufacturing a fluffy yarn
US3777465A (en) * 1969-12-12 1973-12-11 Rhodiaceta Process and apparatus for manufacture of a thermoplastic yarn with residual twist
US3683612A (en) * 1970-12-04 1972-08-15 Michel Buzano Apparatus and method for producing synthetic torque yarn
US3691750A (en) * 1971-03-18 1972-09-19 Ici Ltd Textured core yarns
US3831360A (en) * 1971-11-05 1974-08-27 Heberlein & Co Ag Texturized staple fiber structures
US3756005A (en) * 1972-03-24 1973-09-04 Chavanoz Sa Process and apparatus for forming novelty effect yarns

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4464894A (en) * 1978-02-27 1984-08-14 Phillips Petroleum Company Spun-like continuous multifilament yarn
US6854167B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2005-02-15 Milliken & Company Treatment of filament yarns to provide spun-like characteristics and yarns and fabrics produced thereby
US7127784B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2006-10-31 Milliken & Company Treatment of filament yarns to provide spun-like characteristics and yarns and fabrics produced thereby

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IT1021958B (it) 1978-02-20
GB1471590A (en) 1977-04-27
FR2249195B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-03-25
HK2578A (en) 1978-01-20
FR2249195A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-05-23

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