Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
  • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
  • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
  • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
  • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
  • A61N1/36014—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes
  • A61N1/36021—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes for treatment of pain
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
  • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
  • C11D3/3907—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/3917—Nitrogen-containing compounds
  • C11D3/392—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. cyclic imides or lactames
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
  • D06L4/12—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen combined with specific additives

Definitions

• the present invention relates, in general, to compositions advantageously adapted for use in connection with fabric washing, bleaching operations and the like and, in particular, to the provision of specific compounds and compositions for such purposes, said compositions characterized in being capable of providing an exceptionally high order of bleaching activity.
• bleaching agents as an adjunct to fabric washing operations is, of course, a well established practice and, in many instances, a recognized necessity.
• many of the detergent formulations currently available commercially include pre-determined quantities of bleaching agent as an essential ingredient; specific representatives of bleaching agents found to be suitable in this regard are well known in the art being extensively described in the published literature both patent and otherwise and include, for example, the chlorine bleaches, e.g., the alkali metal hypochlorites, active oxygen releasing compounds, e.g., peroxides (peroxygen compounds) such as perborate, percarbonates, perphosphates, persilicates, persulfates, hydrogen peroxide, sodium peroxide and the like.
• peroxides peroxygen compounds
• the peroxide type bleaching agents are, in general, preferred for use vis-a-vis the more strongly acting bleaches, being found to be markedly superior as regards capability of providing a fabric having a softer hand, improved absorbency, permanency of whiteness and the like.
• stronger bleaches characteristically yield fabrics having a pronounced tendency to develop spurious discoloration upon aging, i.e., yellowing.
• fabrics so treated invariably exhibit significant loss in strength and thus the frequency of bleaching may be such as to severely curtain the useful life of the fabric material.
• washing operations requiring a comparatively high order of bleaching activity at reduced temperature ranges invariably necessitate resort to the use of bleaching agents other than those of the peroxide type despite the attendant disadvantages necessarily involved, i.e., with respect to possible impairment of fabric strength, inferior resistance to discoloration, etc.
• activator compounds of this type function function as a precursor system by which the in situ generation of species providing effective bleaching means is made possible.
• a primary object of the present invention resides in the provision of activator compounds specifically and advantageously adapted for conjoint use with peroxide compounds in bleaching and/or detergent compositions wherein one or more of the disadvantages characterizing many of the compounds heretofore suggested for such purposes are eliminated or, at least, alleviated to asubstantial degree.
• a further object of the present invention resides in the provision of activator compounds capable of augmenting the bleaching capacity of peroxide compounds to the extent that such materials are rendered feasible for use at temperatures below about C.
• Another object of the present invention resides in the provision of activator compounds as well asbleaching and detergent compositions containing same, capable of yielding fabric materials having satisfactory absorbency, softness of hand, resistance to discoloration upon standing or aging, etc.
• activator compounds for use in conjunction with active oxygen-releasing bleaching agents, said activator compounds comprising water soluble imides selected from the group consisting of mono-imides and polyimides, said imide compound containing at least one N-bonded substituent of the formula COOR wherein R represents lower alkyl of from 1 4 carbon atoms, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or phenyl.
• phenyl and alkyl as used herein are intended to encompass substituted forms thereof with the obvious limitation that the nature of any such substituent group be such as not to deleteriously affect the properties desired in the ultimate compound e.g., solu-- bility, reactivity, with the bleaching agent, etc.
• substituents such as halo e.g., chloro; alkyl e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl; sulfonylallyl, e.g., SO CH -SO C H cyano; hydroxyalkyl; hydroxyalkoxyalkyl, are permitted.
• the imide compounds suitable for use in accordance with the present invention may be either cyclic or acylic in nature and thus encompass a relatively broad range of materials.
• the N- alkoxy and N-phenoxy-carbonyl imides contemplated herein may be represented according to the following structural formula:
• R has the above defined significance and R represents a straight chain or cyclic imide radical, the moiety being bonded directly to an imide nitrogen atom present in the concatenation of atoms comprising said imide radical.
• the straight chain (i.e., non-cyclic) imides may be further represented by the general formula wherein R is C, to C alkyl or substituted alkyl (i.e., haloalkyl, cyanoalkyl, alkoxyalkyl (total 40 C atoms), etc.; R is as defined above; and R is similar to R or may be COOR.
• N-COOR wherein R has the aforedescribed significance and Z represents the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a cyclic imide selected from the group consisting of condensed and non-condensed ring systems. It will be understood that the foregoing formula is intended to encompass cyclic imides containing more than one N-bonded COOR substituent. Compounds of this type are pennitted in those instances wherein the cyclic imide compound contains more than one intracyclic nitrogen atom.
• polysubstituted derivatives are readily obtained in those instances wherein more than one nitrogen atom is present.
• a given nitrogen atom may contain two COOR groups, either or both forms of substitution being found to provide compounds capable of effective bleach activation.
• Examples of useful classes of cyclic compounds are substituted and unsubstituted imides containing at least one N-bonded substituent of the formula COOR wherein R is defined as above, such as:
• bleaching and detergent compositions containing the novel imide activators described herein exhibit negligible tendency to weaken or otherwise detract from the strength of the fabric or textile material treated therewith, the term textile being used herein to connote natural and synthetic fibers as well as products manufactured therefrom or therewith. This particular factor is of primary importance since it bears directly upon the useful life of the fabric material.
• the compositions of the present invention are devoid of any tendency to deleteriously affect cellulous as well as synthetic fibers such as polyamide.
• such compositions exhibit little if any tendency to attack the coloring material present in the fabric; similarly, such compositions yield fabrics having excellent resistance to discoloration while sustaining a relatively high degree of whiteness over extended periods of time and usage.
• A'further advantage relates to the fact that the imide activators described herein in combination with perborate bleaching agents in particular affords to the userfgreat latitude in pre-determining and thus controlling bleaching action or activity. This may be readily achieved in view of the comparatively mild bleaching action of the perborates. Thus, any possibility of overbleaching is minimized if not completely eliminated.
• the activator compounds of the present invention may in general, be readily and conveniently prepared: by reacting the parent imide molecule, preferably provided in the form of the salt derivative, i.e., sodium salt, silver salt, potassium salt, etc., with an alkylchloro formate, preferably in solvent media, the reaction being carried out under reflux conditions. Product isolation and recovery can thereafter be affected by recrystallization, filtering and washing.
• the salt derivative i.e., sodium salt, silver salt, potassium salt, etc.
• the imide activators described herein can be effectively employed either singly or in admixtures comprising two or more. Again, the efficacy of a given manner of proceeding depends primarily upon the existing requirements, i.e., the specific problem to be negotiated by the bleach composition. In any event, optimum combinations of imide activators can be readily determined in a particular circumstance by routine laboratory investigation. The utilization of such compounds in admixtures presents the advantage that the beneficial properties of a plurality of imides can be combined in a single bleaching and/or detergent composition. The relative proportions of bleaching agent and imide activator employed may vary over a relatively wide range depending somewhat upon the nature of the composition being formulated.
• the imide activator in effective amounts sufiicient to yield an amide/peroxide mole ratio within the range of from about 0.01 to about 2.0, with a range of from 0.1 to 2.0 being preferred.
• the involved ingredients will comprise, essentially, the imide activator and peroxide.
• the peroxide compound When formulating detergent compositions, the peroxide compound will usually be utilized in amounts sufficient to yield a concentration within the range of from about 1 to about 50%, weight basis, of total composition, with other ingredients including detergent, brightener, perfume, etc. It will be understood that the aforementioned limits are not critical per se but serve only to define those values found to yield optimum results for the broad spectrum of operations to which such compositions may be applied.
• imide activator will nevertheless be found adequate to provide the desired degree of bleach activity.
• the imide activators described herein can likewise be employed to outstanding advantage in combination with one or more of the conventional activator compounds currently available commercially. Again, the choice of particular systems as well as concentrations lies largely within the discretion of the manufacturer. In any event, it is preferred that the imide compound be used in major proportions in those instances wherein activator mixtures are employed.
• a further embodiment of the present invention contemplates the use of the imide activator in coated form i.e., covered with a solid material soluble in the washing and/or bleaching solution.
• Coating materials suitable for such use are well known in the art including, for example, a wide variety of polymeric materials such as polyethylene glycols, condensation products of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, etc., polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, cetyl alcohol, fatty acid alkanolamides, etc. It is preferred practice to granulate the activator compounds prior to coating with the aforementioned polymer materials.
• the provision of the bleach activator in coated form presents the additional advantage that the shelf life is enhanced significantly and especially in those instances wherein the product composition is provided in powder form.
• the coating of the activator granules can be readily accomplished according to any of the customary methods described in the art for such purposes.
• the coating material may be dissolved in water or organic solvent and thereafter spray-applied to the activator compound provided in finely divided form and thereafter dried.
• the imide activator and peroxide bleaching agent may be formulated together in a built detergent composition or alternatively as a separate bleach product.
• the activator and bleach may be either intimately mixed or included in separate compartments of a water soluble film packet.
• Illustrative imide activator materials are prepared in the following manner.
• the 3-methoxycarbonyl 5,5dimethylhydantoin may be prepared in the following manner. 5,5dimethylhydantoin in potassium hydroxide solution is reacted with methylchloroformate in ether, there being obtained crude product and unreacted hydantoin. The crude product is recrystallized from benzene and then twice from n-butanol. The product thus obtained has a melting point ranging from 1l5124C. Further purification of a small sample yields a white solid having a melting point of 120.5 122.5C.
• Each of the imide activator compounds A-F prepared in the aforedescribed manner is evaluated in a wash procedure comprising the following sequence of operations.
• a series of washing compositions is prepared in tergotometer buckets by dissolving in 1,000 ml of water 2.0 grams of a detergent of the following composition:
• the display in A Rd values for the various control samples as well as corresponding differences in ARd for common bleach systems is due primarily to the conditions of testing.
• the saturation and color density of the stain varied due to slight differences in period of immersion of the swatch sample in the stain media, receptivity, absorptivity of the cottom swatch for the stain media, etc.
• each of the samples comprising a given test set possessed approximately equal initial stain densities thereby providing a valid basis for comparison.
• the significant increase in ARd for those cotton samples treated with the imide activator-perborate system indicates that a highly efficient and active bleaching function obtains when comparedto those samples which had been subjected to the action of the perborate alone, i.e., absent the activator additive.
• the reflectance for a given material is a direct function of its level of whiteness; thus, greater differences in reflectance readings taken before and after subjection to the bleaching operation indicate correspondingly higher bleaching activity.
• compositions containing the imide activators described herein can be provided in the form of a bleaching composition or alternatively in the form of a built detergent product.
• Organic detergents suitable for use in accordance with the present invention encompass a relatively wide range of materials and may be of the anionic, nonionic, cationic or amphoteric types.
• the anionic surface active agents include those surface active or detergent compounds which contain an organic hydrophobic group and an anionic solubilizing group.
• anionic solubilizing groups are sulfonate, sulfate, carboxylate, phosphonate and phosphate.
• Suitable anionic detergents which fall within the scope of the invention include the soaps, such as the water-soluble salts of higher fatty acids or resin acids, such as may be derived from fats, oils, and waxes of animal, vegetable or marine origin, e.g., the sodium soaps of tallow, grease, coconut oil, tall oil and mixtures thereof; and the sulfated and sulfonated synthetic detergents, particularly those having bout 8 to 26, and preferably about 12 to 22, carbon atoms to the molecule.
• the soaps such as the water-soluble salts of higher fatty acids or resin acids, such as may be derived from fats, oils, and waxes of animal, vegetable or marine origin, e.g., the sodium soaps of tallow, grease, coconut oil, tall oil and mixtures thereof
• the sulfated and sulfonated synthetic detergents particularly those having bout 8 to 26, and preferably about 12 to 22, carbon atoms to the molecule.
• suitable synthetic anionic detergents there may be cited the higher alkyl mononuclear aromatic sulfonates such as the higher alkyl benzene sulfonates containing from 10 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl group in a straight or branched chain, e.g., the sodium salts of decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, (lauryl), tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, or hexadecyl benzene sulfonate and the higher alkyl toluene, xylene and phenol sulfonates; alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, ammonium diamyl naphthalene sulfonate, and sodium dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate.
• the higher alkyl mononuclear aromatic sulfonates such as the higher alkyl benzen
• anionic detergents are the olefin sulfonates, including long chain alkene sulfonates, long chain hydroxyalkane sulfonates or mixtures of alkenesulfonates and hydroxyalkanesulfonates.
• These olefin sulfonate detergents may be prepared, in known manner, by the reaction of $0 with long chain olefins (of 825, preferably l2-2l carbon atoms) of the formula RCl-l-CHR where R is alkyl and R is alkyl or hydrogen, to produce a mixture of sultones and alkenesulfonic acids, which mixture is then treated to convert the sultones to sulfonates.
• paraffin sulfonates such as the reaction products of alpha olefins and bisulfites (e.g., sodium bisulfite), e.g., primary paraffin sulfonates of about l020, preferably about 15-20, carbon atoms; sulfates of higher alcohols;
• a-sulfofatty esters e.g., of about 10 to 20 carbon atoms, such as methyl a-sulfomyristate or a-sulfotallowate
• sulfates of higher alcohols are sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium tallow alcohol sulfate.
• Turkey Red Oil or other sulfated oils or sulfates of monoor diglycerides of fatty acids (e.g., stearic monoglyceride monosulfate), alkyl poly (ethenoxy) ether sulfates such as the sulfates of the condensation products of ethylene oxide and lauryl alcohol (usually having 1 to 5 ethenoxy groups per molecule); lauryl or other higher alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates; aromatic poly (ethenoxy) ether sulfates such as the sulfates ofthe condensation products of ethylene oxide and nonyl phenol (usually having 1 to 20 oxyethylene groups per molecule preferably 1-12).
• alkyl poly (ethenoxy) ether sulfates such as the sulfates of the condensation products of ethylene oxide and lauryl alcohol (usually having 1 to 5 ethenoxy groups per molecule); lauryl or other higher alkyl glyceryl ether
• the suitable anionic detergents include also the acyl sarcosinates (e.g., sodium lauroylsarcosinate) the acyl esters (e.g., oleic acid ester) of isethionates, and the acyl N-methyl taurides (e.g., potassium N-methyl lauroylor oleyl tauride).
• acyl sarcosinates e.g., sodium lauroylsarcosinate
• the acyl esters e.g., oleic acid ester
• the acyl N-methyl taurides e.g., potassium N-methyl lauroylor oleyl tauride
• the most highly preferred water soluble anionic detergent compounds are the ammonium and substituted ammonium (such as mono-,. di and triethanolamine), alkali metal (such as sodium and potassium) and alkaline earth metal (such as calcium and magnesium) salts of the higher alkyl benzene sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, the higher alkyl sulfates, and the higher fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates.
• alkali metal such as sodium and potassium
• alkaline earth metal such as calcium and magnesium
• the particular salt will be suitably selected depending upon the particular formulation and the proportions therein.
• Nonionic surface active agents include those surface active or detergent compounds which contain an organic hydrophobic group and a hydrophilic group which is a reaction product of a solubilizing group such as carboxylate, hydroxyl, amido or amino with ethylene oxide or with the polyhydration product thereof, polyethylene glycol.
• nonionic surface active agents which may be used there may be noted the condensation products of alkyl phenols with ethylene oxide, e.g., the reaction product of isooctyl phenol with about 6 to 30 ethylene oxide units; condensation products of alkyl thiophenols with 10 to ethylene oxide units; condensation products of higher fatty alcohols such as tridecyl alcohol with ethylene oxide; ethylene oxide addends of monoesters of hexahydric alcohols and inner ethers thereof such as sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitol monooleate and mannitan monopalmitate, and the condensation products of polypropylene glycol with ethylene oxide.
• Cationic surface active agents may also be employed. Such agents are those surface active detergent compounds which contain an organic hydrophobic group and a cationic solubilizing group. Typical cationic solubilizing groups are amine and as quaternary groups.
• suitable synthetic cationic detergents there may be noted the diamines such as those of the type RNHC H ,Nl-l wherein R is an alkyl group of about 12 to 22 carbon atoms, such as N-2-aminoethyl stearyl amine and N-Z-aminoethyl myristyl amine; amide-linked amines such as those of the type RCONHC H Nl-l wherein R is an alkyl group of about 9 to carbon atoms, such as N-Z-amino ethylstearyl amide and N-amino ethyl myristyl amide; quaternary ammonium compounds wherein typically one of the groups linked to the nitrogen atom is an alkyl group of about 12 to 18 carbon atoms and three of the groups linked to the nitrogen atom are alkyl groups which contain 1 to 3 carbon atoms, including such 1 to 3 carbon alkyl groups bearing inert substituents, such as phenyl groups
• Typical quaternary ammonium detergents are ethyl-dimethyl-stearyl ammonium chloride, benzyl-dimethyl-stearyl ammonium chloride, benzyl-dimethyl-stearyl ammonium chloride, trimethyl stearyl ammonium chloride, trimethyl-cetyl ammonium bromide, dimethylethyl dilauryl ammonium chloride, dimethyl-propyl-myristyl ammonium chloride, and the corresponding methosulfates and acetates.
• amphoteric detergents examples include those containing both an anionic and a cationic group and a hydrophobic organic group, which is advantageously a higher aliphatic radical, e.g., of 10-20 carbon atoms.
• a hydrophobic organic group which is advantageously a higher aliphatic radical, e.g., of 10-20 carbon atoms.
• these are the N-long chain alkyl aminocarboxylic acids (e.g.
• alkyl betaines e.g., of the formula where R is a long chain alkyl group, e.g., of about lO20 carbons, R is a divalent radical joining the amino and carboxyl portions of an amino acid (e.g., an alkylene radical of l4 carbon atoms), M is hydrogen or a salt-forming metal, R is a hydrogen or another monovalent substituent (e.g., methyl or other lower alkyl), and R and R are monovalent substituents joined to the nitrogen by carbonto-nitrogen bonds (e.g., methyl or other lower alkyl substituents).
• R is a long chain alkyl group, e.g., of about lO20 carbons
• R is a divalent radical joining the amino and carboxyl portions of an amino acid (e.g., an alkylene radical of l4 carbon atoms)
• M is hydrogen or a salt-forming metal
• R is a hydrogen or another monovalent substituent (e.g
• amphoteric detergents are N-alkyl-betaaminopropionic acid; N-alkyl-beta-iminodipropionic acid, and N-alkyl, N,N-dimethyl glycine; the alkyl group may be, for example, that derived from coco fatty alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol (of a lauryl-myristyl mixture), hydrogenated tallow alcohol, cetyl, stearyl, or blends of such alcohols.
• the substituted aminopropionic and iminodipropionic acids are often supplied in the sodium or other salt forms, which may likewise be used in the practice of this invention.
• amphoteric detergents examples include the fatty imidazolines such as those made by reacting a long chain fatty acid (e.g., of 10 to 20 carbon atoms) with diethylene triamine and monohalocarboxylic acids having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, e.g., l-coco-5hydroxethyl-5- carboxymethylimidazoline; betaines in which the long chain substituent is joined to the carboxylic group without an intervening nitrogen atom, e.g., inner salts of Z-trimethylamino fatty acids such as 2-trimethylaminolauric acid, and compounds of any of the previously mentioned types but in which the nitrogen atom is replaced by phosphorus.
• a long chain fatty acid e.g., of 10 to 20 carbon atoms
• diethylene triamine and monohalocarboxylic acids having 2 to 6 carbon atoms e.g., l-coco-5hydroxethyl-5- carboxymethylimidazoline
• the detergent may comprise from 1 to 99% by weight of the total composition with the balance the peroxide and activator combination.
• a preferred detergent range is l to 50% by weight and :13 most usually preferred is 2 to 50% by weight.
• the detergent composition may further contain one or more water-soluble builder salts which may be either organic or inorganic in nature. Suitable representatives include the following:
• Trisodium phosphate Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Sodium acid pyrophosphate Sodium tripoly'phosphate Sodium monobasic phosphate Sodium dibasic phosphate Sodium hexamethaphosphate Sodium metasilicate Sodium silicates, Na O/SiO of 1/ 1.6 to 1/32 Sodium carbonate Sodium sulfate Borax Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid tetrasodium salts Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Citrates, e.g., sodium citrate, citric acid Glycollates, e.g., sodium glycollate Phosphorates Diphosphorates Organic polyelectrolytes, e.g., vinyl methyl ether maleic anhydride interpolymers and watersoluble salts. thereof (alkali metal, ammonium, amine, etc.); polymaleic anhydride and watersoluble salts (sodium, potassium, ammonium, etc.)
• Mixtures of two or.more inorganic or organic salts can be used, as can mixtures of inorganic and organic salts.
• water-soluble, alkali metal polyphosphate builder salts are particularly preferred herein. These salts form water-soluble complexes with calcium and magnesium ions found in hard water and thereby prevent the formation of insoluble salts which tend to deposit upon textiles during a washing cycle. Further, such phosphates. enhance the detersive efficiency of anionic detergent s, aid in controlling sudsing powers and aid in keeping soil suspended in the washing bath after its removal from the soiled textiles.
• compositions of the invention may be included in compositions of the invention, whether in solid or liquid form, by addition inknown manner to the aqueous mixtures or to the solidified product.
• higher fatty acid amides such as coconut or lauric monoethanolarnide; isopropanolamide and the like; hydrotropic solubilizing agents such as xylene or toluene sulfonates; organic solubilizing agents such as ethanol, ethylene glycol and hexylene glycol; sodium carboxymethyl-cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol antiredeposition' agents; optical and fluorescent brightener materials; coloring agents; corrosion inhibiting agents; germicides, perfumes, bluing agents; and the like.
• compositions advantageously contain a hydrophobic colloidal cellulosic-soil-suspending agent which is soluble or dispersible in water also.
• the joint use of the combination of the cellulosic compound and polyvinyl alcohol is particularly effective for soil-suspension properties during the washing of a variety of fabrics, including both cotton and synthetic fibers such as nylon, Dacron and resin-treated cottons.
• the mixtures are used preferably in a total amount of 0.1 to 2 percent by weight of the solids.
• Preferred cellulosic compounds are the alkali metal salts of a carboxy lower alkyl cellulose having up to 3 carbons in the alkyl group, such as the sodium and potassium salt of carbox- 14 ymethylcellulose.
• Suitable salts are sodium carboxyethylcellulose; the cellulose sulfates and lower alkyl and hydroxyalkylcelluloseethers such as methyl-, ethyl-, and; hydroxyethylcellulose.
• the proportions of such ingredients are not particularly critical and may be selected so as to conform with established practice.
• the detergent agent is usually employed in concentrations ranging from about 2 to about 50% by weight of the composition.
• the builder salts, whether organic or inorganic, are preferably employed in concentrations ranging from about 10 to about 95% by weight of the composition.
• Other ingredients of a conventional nature include perfume and chelating agents.
• a typical representative of the bleach formulations encompassed by the foregoing definition would include, for example, the followmg:
• the bleaching compositions of the present invention may be effectively employed over a relatively wide range of pH values in the absence of appreciable risk of damage to the fabric material being treated.
• the desired pH may be readily achieved by the addition of suitable buffering agents to the bleaching solution or alternatively by including the buffering agent as an ingredient of the bleaching composition in the dry state. Since the bleaching compositions described herein are effective at relatively high pH values, they may be readily used in combination with common household laundry soaps and detergents for preventive bleaching of fiber materials. For the vast majority of bleach and/or washing applications, a pH within the range of from about 6 to 10 is recommended.
• a bleaching composition consisting essentially of a water soluble peroxygen bleaching compound selected from the group consisting of perborates, percarbonates, persulfates, persilicates, perphosphates, hydrogen peroxide and sodium peroxide; and a water soluble imide selected from the group consisting of imides having the formula represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of O and wherein R is hydrogen or COOR and R is hydrogen or methyl; the mol ratio of imide to peroxygen compound ranging from 0.01 to 2.0.
• composition of claim 1 wherein said peroxygen compound is sodium perborate.
• composition of claim 1 wherein said peroxygen compound is sodium percarbonate.
• composition of claim 1 wherein said imide is N-methoxycarbonyl succinimide.
• composition of claim 1 wherein said imide is 3-methoxycarbonyl 5,5-dimethylhydantoin.
• composition of claim 1 wherein said imide is N-phenoxycarbonyl succinimide.
• a detergent composition consisting essentially of a detergent selected from the group consisting of anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric detergents and a bleaching composition as defined in claim 1.
• a process for bleaching textile materials which comprises contacting said material with an aqueous solution of a bleaching composition as defined in claim 1.
• a process for laundering textile materials which comprises contacting said materials with an aqueous solution of a detergent composition as defined in claim

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Cited By (13)

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• 0
  • DK DK128287D patent/DK128287A/da unknown
• 1968
  • 1968-10-11 DE DE19681802577 patent/DE1802577A1/de active Pending
  • 1968-10-15 CH CH1542468A patent/CH506651A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1968-10-22 GB GB50014/68A patent/GB1244200A/en not_active Expired
  • 1968-10-24 FR FR1589887D patent/FR1589887A/fr not_active Expired
• 1972
  • 1972-12-11 US US314100A patent/US3928223A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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