US392802A - Hydrocarbon-oil burner - Google Patents

Hydrocarbon-oil burner Download PDF

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US392802A
US392802A US392802DA US392802A US 392802 A US392802 A US 392802A US 392802D A US392802D A US 392802DA US 392802 A US392802 A US 392802A
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burner
passages
air
oil
chamber
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner

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  • This invention relates to certain new and usefulimprovements in hydrocarbon-oil burners, and is specially intended to be used in connection with heating-stoves, domestic furnaces, and boiler-furnaces.
  • the invention consists, essentially, of a burner having a series of radial chambers, a number of air-passages leading thereto at or near the inner end, of a common oilchamber into which the oil is primarily introduced, and of a series of burner-tubes leading from said chamber into and partially through said radial chambers, whereby oil and air are brought together within said chambers for the purpose of burning the same in a combined or comminglcd state, to intensify the resulting heat and eeonoinize in the consumption of the hydrocarbon liquid.
  • the invention also consists in constructing the outer ends of the oil-conduits with reduced passages which lead into the radial chambers for the purpose of reducing the oil to a fine stream, which shatters and commiugles with the air in the chamber in a broken or iinely-commiuuted condition, effecting a more perfect union of the two'elements.
  • the invention also consists of certain other details of construction and arrangement hereinafter more fully appearing.
  • Figure l represents a sectional view of the lower portion of a heating-stove of any approved construction and a partial elevation and partial sectional View of my improved oilburner;
  • Fig. 2 a detail perspective view of the burner proper;
  • Fig. 3 an inverted plan view of the central part of the burner with a portion broken away to show the interior construction;
  • Fig. 4 a plan view of a portion of the baseplate, showing the arrangement of the air-passages thereof;
  • Fig. 5 a detail Sectional view of a modified form of oil-pipe.
  • the letter A designates the lower portion of a heating-stove of any of the approved types with which Icontemplate using my invention.- It should be observed, however, that it is equally applicable to domestic heatingfurnaces and to the various kinds of boiler-furnaces, both stationary and portable.
  • the letter B designates the usual grate-bars, upon which I place and suitably secure the baseplate G, which consists of an annular flat casting with a series of air-passages, 'D, being, preferably, one passage for every radial chanr ber of the burner.
  • An annular slide, E, is placed upon the baseplate and guided between suitable lugs, F.
  • This plate has a corresponding series of airpassages, and is manipulated by engaging a pin, G', or other suitable device with a poker or other instrument, for the purpose of regulating the size of the air-passages D, so as to determine the supply of air which is afforded to the outer ends of the radial chambers and which intensifies combustion.
  • the baselplate is further provided with a number of inner air-passages, Il, and with a hub, lf, through which passes au oil-supply tube, Jr.
  • This tube is connected with a suitable supply-pipe, K, which leads to an o il tank or reservoir located at a suitable elevation to cause the oil to ilow freely ont of the upper ⁇ end .of the tube J.
  • This end ofthe tube is provided with a contracted opening formed i'n a bushing, L, of lava or other earthenware.
  • the reduced oriiice supplies the oil to a chamber (hereinafter described) in a gradual and uniform manner.
  • An annular iiange,M, of the plate G encircles the hub I and forms between itsinner wall and the outside of theh ub a tapering seat,into which the burner proper is seated.
  • This burner consists of a body,O O,through which project any suitable numbersix in the present instance-h of radial chambers I, preferably cast in the body. Cast-iron is the p referred material.
  • the lower end of the body is tapered, as seen at Q, to lit the above-described seat, whereby a cheap and tightjoint is formed.
  • An eye, R may be formed on the upper part of the body to afford a ready-means of removing and replacing it from and to its seat while in astove or furnace.
  • a series of vertical air-passages, S, are formed in the body and lead into the chambers P and communicate with the air-pas sages H, which open toward the lower part of the stove or furnace and are arranged to re- IOO ceive upward drafts of air.
  • the central por tion of the body is formed with a chamber, T, which fits over the hub I and into which the tube J discharges oil. From this oil-chamber burner-tubes U project across the air-passages S and into the chamber P.
  • burner-tubes are preferably of metal and provided at their outer ends with bushings V,oflava,iireclay,or other earthen substance, in which a suitable orifice is formed to cause the oil to flow from the bnrnertnbes in the form of small jets, which spray and shatter into the outer portion of the inclosing-chambers P.
  • the heat is intense at the outer ends of the burner-tubes, and it is to prevent their destruction (when of metal) by oxidation or corrosion that I provide them with the bushings V, which I have ascertained by practice are not affected by the intense heat.
  • Fig. I have illustrated a modified form of burner-tube,which consistsiof makingitentirely of the substance above alluded to and without employing ⁇ any metal whatever.
  • the pressure of the oil from the source of supply more or less fills the chamber T, whence the oil iiows into the burner-tubes and spurts from the bushing V in the form above spoken of.
  • a draft is created up through the passages H and S and out through the chambers P.
  • the air passes the outer ends of the burner-tubes,it commingles with the sprays of oil, and the two elements in a commingled condition are burned,the heat decomposing the air into its constituent gases.
  • the air thus introduced to the chambers P gradually becomes more highly heated as it passes info the passages H and S and to the chambersP, rendering it in better condition to take up the sprays of' oil.
  • the draft and therefore the heat
  • the device here shown and described I have subjected to actual usage,and find that with a burner measuring about seven inches from point to point diametrically and otherwise of about the size shown I have lled with fiames the entire interior ofastove with a fire-space of about twenty inches diameter and four feet high.
  • a suitable cutoff is interposed in the pipe K to control the amount of oil which passes to the chamber T.
  • Whatever space there may be between the base-plate and the inner wall of the stove or furnace I close by filling of' clay or other suitable substance.
  • the body O of' the burner proper acts to somewhat deflect the air rising up through the passages D outward, whence it freely escapes upward and commingles with the dames. This is the preferred manner of constructing the burner proper, though it may be otherwise constructed.
  • a burner in a burner, the combination, with a base-plate having outer draft-passages, a regulating-slide therefor, inner draft-passages, a central oil-supply tube, and an annular seat above the said inner passages, of a burner proper consisting of a body fitted within the said seat, and having air-passages extending upwardly from said inner passages of the plate, radial chambers extending from said vertical passages, a central oil-chamber com municating with the supply-tube, and burner-tubes extending from said chamber across the vertical air-passages and partly through the radial chambers.
  • a base-plate having a eentral hub and a series of inner air-passages around said hub, a series of' outer air-'passages and a regulating-slide, and a seat formed for the reception of a burner at the outer ends of said inner air-passages.
  • the combination with a base-plate having a central opening therein and an oil-tube fitted to said opening and provided with a bushing of earthy substance at its discharge end, of a burner proper fitted upon the said base-plate and having an air-chamber which incloses the said oil-tube at the end in which the bushing is fitted.
  • a burner proper consisting of a body having one end fashioned to enter a seat and having an interior chamber and burner-tubes eX-' tending from said chamber, air-passages which lead around and to said burner-tubes, and radial chambers which envelop the burn cr-tubes and extend beyond them and open at their inner ends into the said air-passages, of a base-plate having a central oil-supply tube discharging into the said burner-chamber, air-passages about the said tubes which communicate with the air-passages of the burner, a seat in which the burner is tted, and a pipe leading to said oil-tube.
  • Aburner proper consisting of' a body, O, having air-passages S, a central oil-chamber, around which said air-passages are disposed, radial chambers P, communicating With said passages, respectively, and burnertubes U, communicating with said oil-chamber, and extending through and across said passages S into and partly through said radial chambers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)

Description

(Nomodel') W.G.HE1STER.
NIMH A M1. Attorney.
n Fr @risica IVILLIAM O. IIEISTER, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.
HYDROCARBONOIL BURNER.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 392,802, dated November 13, 1888.
Application filed March l, 1888. Serial No. 265.863. (No model.)
To all whom t may concern:
Be it known that I, WILLIAM C. Hinisrnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Oil Burn ers, of which the following is a specication, reference being` had t-herein to the accompanying drawings.
This invention relates to certain new and usefulimprovements in hydrocarbon-oil burners, and is specially intended to be used in connection with heating-stoves, domestic furnaces, and boiler-furnaces.
The invention consists, essentially, of a burner having a series of radial chambers, a number of air-passages leading thereto at or near the inner end, of a common oilchamber into which the oil is primarily introduced, and of a series of burner-tubes leading from said chamber into and partially through said radial chambers, whereby oil and air are brought together within said chambers for the purpose of burning the same in a combined or comminglcd state, to intensify the resulting heat and eeonoinize in the consumption of the hydrocarbon liquid.
The invention also consists in constructing the outer ends of the oil-conduits with reduced passages which lead into the radial chambers for the purpose of reducing the oil to a fine stream, which shatters and commiugles with the air in the chamber in a broken or iinely-commiuuted condition, effecting a more perfect union of the two'elements.
The invention also consists of certain other details of construction and arrangement hereinafter more fully appearing.
. In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and on which like reference-letters indicate corresponding parts, Figure l represents a sectional view of the lower portion of a heating-stove of any approved construction and a partial elevation and partial sectional View of my improved oilburner; Fig. 2, a detail perspective view of the burner proper; Fig. 3, an inverted plan view of the central part of the burner with a portion broken away to show the interior construction; Fig. 4, a plan view of a portion of the baseplate, showing the arrangement of the air-passages thereof; and Fig. 5, a detail Sectional view of a modified form of oil-pipe.
The letter A designates the lower portion of a heating-stove of any of the approved types with which Icontemplate using my invention.- It should be observed, however, that it is equally applicable to domestic heatingfurnaces and to the various kinds of boiler-furnaces, both stationary and portable.
The letter B designates the usual grate-bars, upon which I place and suitably secure the baseplate G, which consists of an annular flat casting with a series of air-passages, 'D, being, preferably, one passage for every radial chanr ber of the burner.
An annular slide, E, is placed upon the baseplate and guided between suitable lugs, F. This platehas a corresponding series of airpassages, and is manipulated by engaging a pin, G', or other suitable device with a poker or other instrument, for the purpose of regulating the size of the air-passages D, so as to determine the supply of air which is afforded to the outer ends of the radial chambers and which intensifies combustion. The baselplate is further provided with a number of inner air-passages, Il, and with a hub, lf, through which passes au oil-supply tube, Jr. This tube is connected with a suitable supply-pipe, K, which leads to an o il tank or reservoir located at a suitable elevation to cause the oil to ilow freely ont of the upper `end .of the tube J. This end ofthe tube is provided with a contracted opening formed i'n a bushing, L, of lava or other earthenware. The reduced oriiice supplies the oil to a chamber (hereinafter described) in a gradual and uniform manner.
An annular iiange,M, of the plate G encircles the hub I and forms between itsinner wall and the outside of theh ub a tapering seat,into which the burner proper is seated. This burner consists ofa body,O O,through which project any suitable numbersix in the present instance-h of radial chambers I, preferably cast in the body. Cast-iron is the p referred material. The lower end of the body is tapered, as seen at Q, to lit the above-described seat, whereby a cheap and tightjoint is formed. An eye, R, may be formed on the upper part of the body to afford a ready-means of removing and replacing it from and to its seat while in astove or furnace. A series of vertical air-passages, S, are formed in the body and lead into the chambers P and communicate with the air-pas sages H, which open toward the lower part of the stove or furnace and are arranged to re- IOO ceive upward drafts of air. The central por tion of the body is formed with a chamber, T, which fits over the hub I and into which the tube J discharges oil. From this oil-chamber burner-tubes U project across the air-passages S and into the chamber P. These burner-tubes are preferably of metal and provided at their outer ends with bushings V,oflava,iireclay,or other earthen substance, in which a suitable orifice is formed to cause the oil to flow from the bnrnertnbes in the form of small jets, which spray and shatter into the outer portion of the inclosing-chambers P. The heat is intense at the outer ends of the burner-tubes, and it is to prevent their destruction (when of metal) by oxidation or corrosion that I provide them with the bushings V, which I have ascertained by practice are not affected by the intense heat.
In Fig. I have illustrated a modified form of burner-tube,which consistsiof makingitentirely of the substance above alluded to and without employing` any metal whatever.
The pressure of the oil from the source of supply more or less fills the chamber T, whence the oil iiows into the burner-tubes and spurts from the bushing V in the form above spoken of. As soon as ignited at the outer ends of the chambers P a draft is created up through the passages H and S and out through the chambers P. When the air passes the outer ends of the burner-tubes,it commingles with the sprays of oil, and the two elements in a commingled condition are burned,the heat decomposing the air into its constituent gases. Thus an intense heat is secured and economyeffected in the consumption of the oil. The air thus introduced to the chambers P gradually becomes more highly heated as it passes info the passages H and S and to the chambersP, rendering it in better condition to take up the sprays of' oil. To intensify the draft, and therefore the heat, the
' slide E is manipulated to open the draft-passages D. The air drawn up through these pas sages grows hotter as it nears the chambers P, which stand above them. As the flames occupy the outer ends of these chambers and issue upward from their termination, the heat is intense at these points and the upcoming air is quickly taken up and decomposed.
The device here shown and described I have subjected to actual usage,and find that with a burner measuring about seven inches from point to point diametrically and otherwise of about the size shown I have lled with fiames the entire interior ofastove with a fire-space of about twenty inches diameter and four feet high. A suitable cutoff is interposed in the pipe K to control the amount of oil which passes to the chamber T. Whatever space there may be between the base-plate and the inner wall of the stove or furnace I close by filling of' clay or other suitable substance. The body O of' the burner proper acts to somewhat deflect the air rising up through the passages D outward, whence it freely escapes upward and commingles with the dames. This is the preferred manner of constructing the burner proper, though it may be otherwise constructed.
Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
l. In a burner, the combination, with a base-plate having outer draft-passages, a regulating-slide therefor, inner draft-passages, a central oil-supply tube, and an annular seat above the said inner passages, of a burner proper consisting of a body fitted within the said seat, and having air-passages extending upwardly from said inner passages of the plate, radial chambers extending from said vertical passages, a central oil-chamber com municating with the supply-tube, and burner-tubes extending from said chamber across the vertical air-passages and partly through the radial chambers.
2. In a burner, a base-plate having a eentral hub and a series of inner air-passages around said hub, a series of' outer air-'passages and a regulating-slide, and a seat formed for the reception of a burner at the outer ends of said inner air-passages.
3. In a burner, the combination, with a base-plate having a central opening therein and an oil-tube fitted to said opening and provided with a bushing of earthy substance at its discharge end, of a burner proper fitted upon the said base-plate and having an air-chamber which incloses the said oil-tube at the end in which the bushing is fitted.
4. In a burner, the combination, with a burner proper consisting of a body having one end fashioned to enter a seat and having an interior chamber and burner-tubes eX-' tending from said chamber, air-passages which lead around and to said burner-tubes, and radial chambers which envelop the burn cr-tubes and extend beyond them and open at their inner ends into the said air-passages, of a base-plate having a central oil-supply tube discharging into the said burner-chamber, air-passages about the said tubes which communicate with the air-passages of the burner, a seat in which the burner is tted, and a pipe leading to said oil-tube.
5. Aburner proper consisting of' a body, O, having air-passages S, a central oil-chamber, around which said air-passages are disposed, radial chambers P, communicating With said passages, respectively, and burnertubes U, communicating with said oil-chamber, and extending through and across said passages S into and partly through said radial chambers.
In testimony whereof I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.
XVII. C. IIEISTER.
IOO
IIC
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