US1276160A - Liquid-fuel burner. - Google Patents

Description

8-. F. A'TWOO'DL I LIQUID FUEL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 19. 1917.

"Patented Aug, 20, 19-18.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 3 4 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

S. F. ATWOOD.

UQU|D FUEL BURNER. APPLICATIQN FILED mac. I9, 1917.

/ Patented Aug. 20, 1918..

' 2 SHEETSSHEE12.

JAZZUQO Z QINVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

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Specification of letters Patent.

i atented Au 20, 1918.

Continuation'in part of application Serial No. 135,47t, filed December 6 1916. This application filed December 1.), 1917. Serial No. 20?,903.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SMITH F'Arwoon, a citizen of the United States, 'residin at Chicago, in the county of Cook and tate of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in a gas producing burner adapted to burn or consume fluid fuel such as kerosene oil, gasolene, alcohol, distillate and the like, producing a gas and consuming same instantly, but more particularly my invention relates to such gas producing burner that may be employed in connection with furnaces, boilers, hot water heaters, heating stoves and ranges, and the object of my invention is to provide a gas producing burner that will be simple in its construction, comparatively inexpensive to manufacture, reliable and ciiioient to oper;

ate, easily cleaned and operated at a low cost in fuel consumption, and that it shall be adapted to utilize for its fuel different min eral products and alcohol, and a further ebject of my invention is to provide a gas producing burner that may be easily andquickly attached to various forms of furnaces, boilers, hot Water heaters, heatln stoves and ranges, that are now in genera USE,-

The objects stated are attained by means of a novel combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter "described and claimed, and in order that the same may be better understood, reference is had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification.

In the drawings, I

Figure 1 is an elevation of the burner;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical section of the burner, and

Fig; 4 is an elevation,- partly in section,of

a slightly modified form of burner. Referring specifically to the drawlngs, 10

denotes a retort chamber in which a Vapor is generated from a liquid fuel such as kerosene, gasolene, alcohol, distillate and the like. This retort chamber is of inverted cone shape and has at its bottom a neck 11 provided with an opening to receive the upper end of a fuel-supply pipe 12, the latter the pipe .12.

being screw threaded and the opening in the neclr being also screw threaded so that said parts may be screwed together and thus detachably connected.

From the top of the retort chamber 10 rises a tubular arch 13 which is in open. com munication with the chamber. The top of the arch is made with an open neck 14 to facilitate suspension of a core when the burner is being cast. The neck is closed by a screw plug 15. The under side of the arch, at the top thereof, has an aperture in which seats a screw plug 16 having a gas-emitting orifice l7. 1 .7 The top of the chamber 10 is made convex or crowned, as shown at 18, to disperse or spread the gas or vapor spray issuing from the orifice 17, and the inner Walls of the legsof the arch 13 are thickened, as shown at 19, to withstand the brunt of the flame as it is spread by the crowned top '18 of the chamber 10.

The burner is designed to be positioned in the fire pot of an ordinary stove. A frag ment of the grate bars of the stove is shown at 20. The fuel-supply pipe 12 is' positioned between two adjacent grate bars, which latter are engaged on top by-an annular'outstanding flange 21 on the pipe. Above this flange 21 the pipe 12- carries a pan 22 which 'has a central aperture'through which the neck is screwed down thereon. Hook bolts 23 hold the hereinbefore described assembly of parts in place. on the grate bars 20, said bolts being passed through cross pieces 24 between the grate bars, or down between two ad acent grate bars in the same manner as The'top of the chamber 10 is reinforced on the inside 'bv. transverse ribs 25 to prevent warping.

A valve 26 controls the flew of fuel through-the pipe 12, this valve having a connection at its inlet end with a pipe 27 leading to the fuel supply. The outlet end of the valve is suitably connected to the pipe 12, as by a pipe 28 and an elbow 29. The pipe 28 passes through a suitable opening in the stove, door or wall, thuslocating the valve 26 on the outside of the stove.

The pan 22 has a lining 30 of asbestos or other non-combustible absorbent material.

To operate the burner, the valve 26 is opened to fill the chamber 10 and the arch.

13, the valve being kept open until the liquid fuel flows from the orifice 17. The liquid fuel escaping from the orifice drops down on the top of the chamber 10 and runs off the same into the pan 22 soaking the lining 30. The valve is then closed, and the wet lining 30 is lighted. The flaming pan 22 quickly heats theconical wall of the chamber 10 causing the liquid fuel in the latter to vaporize, this action being evidenced by the discharge of a jet of vapor from the orifice 17. The valve 26 is now again opened to keep the burner going. The vapor jet escaping from the orifice 17 assumes the form of a spray which, upon mixing with the air, forms a highly combustible gas. This gas spray is discharged on the crowned top 18 of the chamber 10 where it is ignited and burns with a IL ldish blue flame, the latter being radially dispersed or spread by the top of the chamber to form a globular flame body which envelops the burner, thereby keeping the chamber 10 heated so that the vaporization of the liquid fuel therein continues. At working heat, the base of the chamber assumes a cherry red heat which causes the liquid fuel to vaporize as soon as it ascends the pipe 12. The fuel thus enters the chamber 10 in a vapor state and upon passing through the arch 13 it undergoes a drying process, so that upon emerging from the outlet orifice 17 the vapor is nearly dry and becomes perfectly dry as the intense heat from below strikes it. 4 This dried vapor thoroughly mixes with the hot air above the chamber 10, resulting in a gaseous mixture burning with an intensely hot flame. There is consequently produced apractically dry combustible gas, rather than a vapor as in the ordinary vapor burners. The chamber 10 does not clog up with soot or carbon causing a burnt-oil odor. This is due to the fact that a fine stream of liquid fuel is not confined in a thin tube and heated therein. If there should be a tendency toward carbonization in the pipe 12, the pressure of the fuel (a pressure fuel feed being provided) will not allow carbon deposits to accumulate and clog up the pipe. It will also be noted that the pipe 12 is of liberal diameter which further tends to prevent carbon deposits, and by constructing the pipe of a special cop er alloy that resists carbon deposits, trou le from such deposits is entirely eliminated. If carbon should form in the base of the chamber 10, it will settle around the upper end of the pipe where it projects into the chamber, and not fall into the pipe 12 to obstruct the passage of the fuel. If the burner requires cleaning, this can be readily done by disconnecting the parts 10 and 12.

The screw 16 is made of brass or some other metal difierent from the metal out of which the burner is made, so that the uneven expansion of the arch 13 will not affect the diameter of the duct 17, and the area of the discharge orifice therefore remains constant under all degrees of heat. This action is probably due to the different coeflicients of expansion of the two metals, and to the fact that the grain of the metal of the arch is at right angles to that of the screw. Expansion of the arch therefore does not affect the screw, and expansion of the latter, it being harder metal, is linear, rather-than transmains the same when very hot as when it is cold.

In the modified form of burner, instead of the arched tube 13, a single tube 31 is employed which terminates above the top of the chamber 10 to bring the vapor outlet orifice in line with the center of the latter.

I claim 1. In a liquid fuel burner, a retort chamber having a fuel supply connection, and laterally spaced, imperforate vapor conducting pipes leading from the top of said. cham. her and having a top connecting portion. in open comn'iunication with both pipes, and spaced from the top of the chamber, with a discharge orifice in said connecting portion discharging between the conducting pipes and pointing in the direction of the top of the chamber.

2. In a liquid fuel burner, a retort chamber having a bottom aperture, a fuel pipe extending into said aperture and having an outstanding flange, a pan beneath the chamber held between the bottom thereof and the aforesaid flan e and a va or tronductin U pipe leading from the retort chamber and having a discharge orifice spaced from and discharging in the direction of the top of the chamber.

ll In a liquid fuel burner, a retort chamber of inverted cone shape having a bottom aperture, a fuel pipe extending 'into said aperture and having an outstanding flange, a pan-beneath the chamber held between the bottom thereof and the aforesaid flange, and a vapor conductin pipe leading from the retort chamber and having a discharge orifice spaced from and discharging in the direc tion of thetop of the chamber.

5. In a liquid fuel burner, a retort chamber of inverted cone shape, a fuel supply 5 pipe entering the chamber at the apex of the cone and terminating above the same,

and a vapor conducting pipe ieaiiing from the chamber and having a discharge orifice spaced from and discharging in the direction of the top of the chamber.

In testimony whereof I efiit: my signature.

SMITH h. ATV?

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