US3927827A - Method for controlling the ventilation of an air-conditioning system - Google Patents

Method for controlling the ventilation of an air-conditioning system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3927827A
US3927827A US458313A US45831374A US3927827A US 3927827 A US3927827 A US 3927827A US 458313 A US458313 A US 458313A US 45831374 A US45831374 A US 45831374A US 3927827 A US3927827 A US 3927827A
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United States
Prior art keywords
flow
impulse
air
partial
space
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Expired - Lifetime
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US458313A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ove Strindehag
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Svenska Flaktfabriken AB
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Svenska Flaktfabriken AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/75—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity for maintaining constant air flow rate or air velocity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/044—Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems
    • F24F3/0442—Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems with volume control at a constant temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/26—Arrangements for air-circulation by means of induction, e.g. by fluid coupling or thermal effect

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT 22 Filed; Aph 5 1974 A method and apparatus for supplying conditioned air to a room.
  • the method utilizes a plurality of partial [21] Appl' 458313 flows and the flows are controlled to assure a substantially constant impulse while accommodating varying [30] Foreign Application P i Data hlealtling gr cooling demand in the flroornf. This is accoin- A 13, 1973 s d e y Prov a Pnmary ow mm one 0mm Pr we en 7305238 and a secondary flow from another outlet.
  • the speed [52] Cl 236/49, 98/40 N of the secondary flow is low compared to the primary [51] [m- CLZ 1 7/00 flow so that variation in the secondary flow as to con- [58] Fie'd of R 40 N dition to accommodate to the heating or cooling degslllo mand in the room has no substantial effect upon the total impulse which is determined substantially by the [56] Refennces Cited constant primary air flow.
  • the two outlets may be supplied from the same duct and may be positioned sepa- UNITED STATES PATENTS rately or adjoining one another.
  • the secondary flow is 465,561 l2/l89l "00d 98/0 preferably controued a fl grmostat is con.
  • An air-conditioned room usually is supplied with a constant air amount, the temperature of which is adjusted to the heat or cooling demand of the room.
  • a constant air amount the temperature of which is adjusted to the heat or cooling demand of the room.
  • another type of air-conditioning system has come into use, viz. such at which the supplied air amount is varied in different parts of the installation with respect to the heat or cooling demand in said parts.
  • the temperature of the supplied air is the same in the different rooms supplied by the installation.
  • Systems of this type so-called VAV-systerns (Variable Air Volume), can in certain cases render substantial advantages from an installation-technical aspect.
  • the present invention has as its object to eliminate said disadvantages and produce a supply air system of the type VAV-system at which at varying air flows the flow pattern can be maintained unchanged. This object is achieved according to the invention by the method defined in the attached claims 1-6.
  • the invention is based on the idea that, for maintaining a non-varying flow pattern, the impulse per time unit of the supplied primary air must be held constant at varying air flows.
  • the theoretical background of the invention is explained as follows.
  • the supplied air amount per time unit being q,,,/n where q is the maximum air flow at full load and n is a constant, the impulse per time unit is:
  • v is the outflow speed
  • A is the outflow area of the supply air device.
  • n which expresses the ratio between the maximum air flow and the desired air flow, varies in the VAV-system mostly between and 5, i.e. the smallest air flow is only 20% of the maximum air flow.
  • 1+q V:- ln that case, q may constitute the basic flow, which always is supplied, i.e. usually the magnitude 20% of the maximum total flow, and q, may vary between 0 and an upper value, which consequently usually amounts to about of the maximum total flow.
  • q may constitute the basic flow, which always is supplied, i.e. usually the magnitude 20% of the maximum total flow, and q, may vary between 0 and an upper value, which consequently usually amounts to about of the maximum total flow.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method, which apparatus is defined in the attached claims 7-10.
  • FIG. 1 shows the supply air devices in detail when they are mounted at a wall in a room
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of supply air devices mounted adjacent each other in a rectangular room
  • P16. 3 shows an embodiment of supply air devices mounted spaced apart from each other in the same room.
  • FIG. 1 It appears from FIG. 1 how the two partial flows to a room can be arranged when the supply air devices are located at one of the walls in the room.
  • the constant partial air flow q is supplied by means of the supply air device 1.
  • This device comprises an inlet passage 3, followed by a contraction portion 4, and an outlet passage 5 with comparatively small outflow area.
  • the entire device preferably is given a rectangular crosssection having its greatest extension in the horizontal direction, but of course also other designs can be imagined.
  • the device is terminated by a screen 6 with low pressure drop and of conventional design.
  • variable air flow q is supplied to the room via the device 2, which comprises an inlet passage 7, a diffusor portion 8 and an outlet passage 9, the outlet area of which is chosen so great that the outflow speed of the air is low compared to the outflow speed in the device 1.
  • the device 2 is terminated by a screen 10 of suitable design.
  • a fixed throttling means 11 is placed in the inlet passage of the device.
  • the flow through the device is adjusted by a damper 12 or the like, which is controlled by a damper motor 13.
  • the setting of the damper means is'adjusted in view of the heat or cooling demand of the room by the thermostat 14.
  • the fixed throttling means and the flow adjusting damper may, of course, be disposed in another way than shown in FIG. 1.
  • the two supply air devices 1 and 2 preferably should be supplied normally from one and the same duct. system. If, however, two duct systems with different pressure are available, the device 1 is to be connected to the system with the higher pressure.
  • the supply air devices 1 and 2 may be placed optionally, either on the ceiling or on a wall, depending on the design of the devices.
  • the FIGS. 2 and 3 show two imaginable locations at wall mounting in a rectangular room. When the devices are placed relatively tightly adjacent one another near the ceiling, as shown in FIG. 2, a relatively large co-ejection of the primary air flow q is obtained before this air flow could mix itself with the room air. With this arrangement of the supply air devices the devices, of course, can be assembled to form a single combined device.
  • the devices When the devices are placed apart, as in FIG. 3, for example one device near the ceiling and the other device near the floor, a relatively good admixture of room air will take place before the primary air flow q, is co-ejected.
  • the choice of the place for the supply air devices is determined a.o. by the temperature of the supplied air and by the way in which the room is utilized and shaped.
  • the device 1 being located in the ceiling, the outflow passage 5 of the device should be formed so as to effect a horizontal outflow direction of the air.
  • the method of ventilating the space which consists of supplying the air to the space in a plurality of partial flows and maintaining the total impulse of the supplied air relatively constant independent of the volume of air supply between a minimum volume and a maximum volume, said method comprising the steps of maintaining at least one of said partial flows supplied to the space with a constant velocity and volume flow to thereby maintain the impulse of said one partial flow constant at a high impulse, and supplying at least one other of the partial flows at a velocity substantially below the velocity of said one partial flow to provide a low impulse, and controlling the ventilating by varying the volume of said low-velocity partial flow without substantially changing the temperature or humidity, said variation being between a minimum flow and a maximum flow, the impulse of the maximum flow in said other partial flow being substantially less than the impulse of said one constant partial flow so as to permit variation of the impulse of said other partial flow without substantially
  • a method according to claim 1 including the step of sensing the conditions within said space and controlling said low-impulse flow in accordance with the sensed conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
US458313A 1973-04-13 1974-04-05 Method for controlling the ventilation of an air-conditioning system Expired - Lifetime US3927827A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7305238A SE7305238L (forum.php) 1973-04-13 1973-04-13

Publications (1)

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US3927827A true US3927827A (en) 1975-12-23

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US458313A Expired - Lifetime US3927827A (en) 1973-04-13 1974-04-05 Method for controlling the ventilation of an air-conditioning system

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US (1) US3927827A (forum.php)
JP (1) JPS5012839A (forum.php)
BE (1) BE813700A (forum.php)
CH (1) CH574086A5 (forum.php)
DE (1) DE2416406C3 (forum.php)
FR (1) FR2225699B1 (forum.php)
GB (1) GB1470561A (forum.php)
IT (1) IT1011718B (forum.php)
NL (1) NL7404057A (forum.php)
SE (1) SE7305238L (forum.php)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4055112A (en) * 1974-12-30 1977-10-25 Ab Svenska Flaktfabriken Process and apparatus for ventilating or tempering rooms
US4253384A (en) * 1977-04-18 1981-03-03 Schmidt Reuter Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg Ventilating and air conditioning arrangement
US4860642A (en) * 1985-06-11 1989-08-29 Nussbaum Otto J Personalized air conditioning and method
US5238452A (en) * 1990-03-05 1993-08-24 Argon Corporation Personalized air conditioning system
US5338254A (en) * 1992-12-22 1994-08-16 Midwest Research Institute Increasing jet entrainment, mixing and spreading
US5599229A (en) * 1995-05-08 1997-02-04 Midwest Research Institute Enhancement of wall jet transport properties
WO2011069201A1 (en) * 2009-12-08 2011-06-16 Fusion Group Holdings Pty Ltd A system and method for delivering air
US20160327287A1 (en) * 2015-05-05 2016-11-10 MJC, Inc. Centralized, Multi-Zone Variable Refrigerant Flow Heating/Cooling Unit
CN116792872A (zh) * 2022-03-16 2023-09-22 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 具有送风风道的天井机

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2451550A1 (fr) * 1979-03-16 1980-10-10 Hess & Cie Pilgersteg Procede pour la climatisation d'un local par amenee d'air et installation d'aeration pour la realisation de ce procede
DK156149C (da) * 1980-04-11 1989-11-20 Flaekt Ltd Fremgangsmaade og apparat til konditionering af et rum
DE3417953A1 (de) * 1984-05-15 1985-11-21 Hilbers, Heinrich, Dipl.-Ing., 5205 St Augustin Einrichtung zur einzelklimatisierung von hospitalbettenbereichen
GB2161688B (en) * 1984-06-26 1988-03-23 Christopher Alan Knock Ventilating a pig fattening house
CH664003A5 (de) * 1984-07-04 1988-01-29 Sulzer Ag Verfahren zur klimatisierung des aufenthaltbereichs einer halle.
DE9318793U1 (de) * 1993-12-08 1994-06-16 Hanning Elektro-Werke GmbH & Co, 33813 Oerlinghausen Raumlüftungsautomat
FR2778229B1 (fr) * 1998-08-10 2000-08-04 Robert Ribo Bouches de soufflage pour dispositif de chauffage et/ou de climatisation
DE10027620B4 (de) * 2000-06-02 2013-05-29 Holger Simon Lüftungssystem und Verfahren zum Belüften eines Raumes
DE102010047922A1 (de) * 2010-10-08 2012-04-12 Martin Schönhammer Lüftungsinstallation

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US465561A (en) * 1891-12-22 Register
US2107386A (en) * 1937-07-15 1938-02-08 Johnson Service Co Air conditioning
US3726203A (en) * 1971-06-23 1973-04-10 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Device for maintenance of a dustfree, bacteria-free zone in a room
US3759157A (en) * 1970-12-17 1973-09-18 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Cross-talk attenuating supply air and exhaust air device in ventilation installations

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US465561A (en) * 1891-12-22 Register
US2107386A (en) * 1937-07-15 1938-02-08 Johnson Service Co Air conditioning
US3759157A (en) * 1970-12-17 1973-09-18 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Cross-talk attenuating supply air and exhaust air device in ventilation installations
US3726203A (en) * 1971-06-23 1973-04-10 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Device for maintenance of a dustfree, bacteria-free zone in a room

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4055112A (en) * 1974-12-30 1977-10-25 Ab Svenska Flaktfabriken Process and apparatus for ventilating or tempering rooms
US4253384A (en) * 1977-04-18 1981-03-03 Schmidt Reuter Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg Ventilating and air conditioning arrangement
US4860642A (en) * 1985-06-11 1989-08-29 Nussbaum Otto J Personalized air conditioning and method
US5238452A (en) * 1990-03-05 1993-08-24 Argon Corporation Personalized air conditioning system
US5338254A (en) * 1992-12-22 1994-08-16 Midwest Research Institute Increasing jet entrainment, mixing and spreading
US5599229A (en) * 1995-05-08 1997-02-04 Midwest Research Institute Enhancement of wall jet transport properties
AU2010330689B2 (en) * 2009-12-08 2016-02-25 Fusion Hvac Pty Ltd A system and method for delivering air
CN102753901A (zh) * 2009-12-08 2012-10-24 凯普股份有限公司 用于输送空气的系统和方法
WO2011069201A1 (en) * 2009-12-08 2011-06-16 Fusion Group Holdings Pty Ltd A system and method for delivering air
CN102753901B (zh) * 2009-12-08 2016-03-30 富成Hvac有限公司 用于输送空气的系统和方法
US9885494B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2018-02-06 Fusion Hvac Pty Limited System and method for delivering air
EP2510289A4 (en) * 2009-12-08 2018-03-21 Fusion HVAC Pty Limited A system and method for delivering air
US20160327287A1 (en) * 2015-05-05 2016-11-10 MJC, Inc. Centralized, Multi-Zone Variable Refrigerant Flow Heating/Cooling Unit
US10088178B2 (en) * 2015-05-05 2018-10-02 MJC, Inc. Multi-zone variable refrigerant flow heating/cooling unit
US10161640B2 (en) 2015-05-05 2018-12-25 MJC, Inc. Multi-zone variable refrigerant flow heating/cooling unit
US10890341B2 (en) 2015-05-05 2021-01-12 MJC, Inc. Multi-zone variable refrigerant flow heating/cooling unit
US11555618B2 (en) 2015-05-05 2023-01-17 MJC, Inc. Multi-zone variable refrigerant flow heating/cooling unit
US12366370B2 (en) 2015-05-05 2025-07-22 MJC, Inc. Multi-zone variable refrigerant flow heating/cooling unit
CN116792872A (zh) * 2022-03-16 2023-09-22 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 具有送风风道的天井机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7404057A (forum.php) 1974-10-15
JPS5012839A (forum.php) 1975-02-10
GB1470561A (en) 1977-04-14
DE2416406B2 (de) 1978-06-22
CH574086A5 (forum.php) 1976-03-31
IT1011718B (it) 1977-02-10
SE7305238L (forum.php) 1974-10-14
FR2225699B1 (forum.php) 1976-10-08
FR2225699A1 (forum.php) 1974-11-08
DE2416406A1 (de) 1974-10-31
BE813700A (fr) 1974-07-31
DE2416406C3 (de) 1979-03-08

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