US3924548A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Incinerator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3924548A
US3924548A US418025A US41802573A US3924548A US 3924548 A US3924548 A US 3924548A US 418025 A US418025 A US 418025A US 41802573 A US41802573 A US 41802573A US 3924548 A US3924548 A US 3924548A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
combustion
incinerator
refuse
air
grate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US418025A
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English (en)
Inventor
Chambon Michel G J Du
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PEXIMAC BV
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PEXIMAC BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PEXIMAC BV filed Critical PEXIMAC BV
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3924548A publication Critical patent/US3924548A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/40—Portable or mobile incinerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
    • F23G2203/504—Fluidised bed furnace with essentially horizontal flow of bed material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
    • F23G2204/103—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel gaseous or liquid fuel

Definitions

  • the incinerator is particularly suitable to be mounted in a refuse-collecting van so that the col- [56] References Cited lected waste can be immediately incinerated and the UNITED STATES PATENTS number of return trips to a dump can be reduced to a 2,959,140 11/1960 Friedberg 110/8 x 4 3,289,617 Simpson 110/7 8 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures INCINERATOR
  • This invention relates to an incinerator, in particular for incinerating household refuse and industrial waste.
  • the quantity of products incinerated per unit area of fire-grate is proportional to the degree in which the products are agitated. Such agitation pulls the products apart, their useful heat exchange surface area is increased, and so is, to the same extent, the rate of combustion of these products. The rate of combustion is also a function of the rate at which air is brought into contact with the products.
  • the refuse is agitated mechanically, and as it is always difficult to operate a mechanical system satisfactorily under conditions of high and variable temperatures, these known constructions have never been quite satisfactory as regards operation and cost of maintenance. All this has also been conducive to bulky machines relative to the weight and volume that can be combusted per unit of time.
  • an incinerator for household refuse and industrial waste comprising a combustion chamber having a grate, means for supplying combustion air, and filling and discharge means, characterized in that the combustion air, which is blown through said grate, is used for lifting the load of refuse being treated in the incinerator, whereby said load is torn apart, and brought into a fluidized state, and in which, owing to a pre-determined orientation of the air, effected by said grate, the combustion air also serves for transporting the material through the incinerator.
  • the incinerator according to the invention is so arranged that the combustion air flows through adapted grates under a pressure sufficient to carry and transport the products through the incinerator and to separate the various elements of the products from one another, thereby to maximize their heat exchange surface area.
  • the grates are mounted in the interior of the incinerator in various ways, depending on the process phase and their position in terms of their functions in such process phase.
  • the local rate of flow, pressure and temperature of the combustion air also differ in dependence on the position in the combustion system.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-section of an incinerator according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section of another embodiment of the incinerator of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 3 shows a refuse collecting van incorporating an incinerator as shown in FIGS. 1 or 2.
  • an incinerator 1 is subdivided into three combustion zones 2, 3 and 4. Each of these zones is equipped with a wind box 5, 6 and 7, respectively, bounded by grates 8, 9 and 10, respectively, having openings ll, 12 and 13, respectively, with deflecting members disposed at an angle.
  • a blower l4 forces air under pressure and at a pre-determined rate of flow through conduits 15, 16 and 17 to boxes 5, 6 and 7. This air reaches zones 2, 3 and 4 between the inclined deflecting members at a pressure sufficient to lift the refuse present in these zones, and for blowing the component elements of the refuse apart. In this way the refuse is brought into a fluidized state.
  • the refuse Owing to the orientation of the deflecting members defining openings 11, 12 and 13, the refuse is not only lifted, but also displaced by the air from the inlet of the incinerator to the outlet thereof, and this at a rate corresponding to the residence time of the refuse in each zone.
  • the air which has flown through the refuse is laden with combustion gas and is discharged through a discharging, purifying and dust separating device of a known kind.
  • the air passes boxes 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 and 24, in which the combustion gases are subjected to secondary combustion. These boxes surround furnace l and wind boxes 5, 6 and 7, as a consequence of which the air flowing through these is pre-heated before reaching zones 2, 3 and 4.
  • the circulation of air (mixed with combustion gas) in boxes 18-24 is controlled by means of valves 25, 26, 27 and 28.
  • the refuse materials are ignited in the furnace by means of burners 29 and 30, which are ignited and extinguished under the control of known control means.
  • the secondary combustion of the combustion gas can be initiated or boosted by means of burners 31 and 32, which are put into and out of operation by known control means.
  • each zone the rate of flow and the pressure of the air, the number and dimensions of the openings and the orientation of the deflecting members are set in dependence upon the combustion phase of the refuse to be combusted in the zone concerned.
  • zone 2 the refuse is dried, pre-heated and ignited, in zone 3 the material is combusted, and in zone 4 the combustion is completed, and in this zone the material is converted into ashes.
  • the refuse is introduced into the furnace through a lock 33 of a known per se kind.
  • the ashes fall into a channel 34 by gravity whence they are introduced into a reservoir (not shown).
  • the furnace has three chambers mounted one on top of the other, and each corresponding with a combustion zone.
  • the grates formed with openings and deflecting members, can be constructed in the form of a mosaic of elements placed side by side with expansion joints between them. These elements may have the form of corrugated sheets.
  • the incinerator according to the invention can be constructed of light, metallic elements (thin, profiled sheet steel), which permits a large variation in size.
  • Such an incinerator can be the basic element of both a mobile unit and a large-capacity incinerator plant.
  • the apparatus according to the invention also lends itself extremely well for an incinerator unit at the end of a pneumatic household-refuse chute.
  • FIG. 3 shows a refuse-collecting van accommodating an incinerator according to FIGS. 1 or 2.
  • Such a van has the advantage that, since the refuse is combusted as it is collected in the streets, it is much less frequently necessary to travel to a dump to discharge the material collected. 5
  • An incinerator for household refuse, industrial waste, and like material comprising a combustion chamber having a stationary grate means, means for supplying combustion air through said grate means, and filling and discharge means, characterized in that said grate means includes deflecting members for directing said combustion air in a manner to lift said material being treated in the incinerator whereby said material is torn apart and brought into a fluidized state, and whereby owing to a pre-determined orientation of the air effected by said grate means, the combustion air also serves to transport said material through said incmerator.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the furnace is divided into a plurality of combustion zones, each zone having a supply of air of different rate of flow, pressure and temperature, and each zone having grate openings and deflecting means adapted to the function of such zone.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the furnace and at least part of said means for supplying combustion air is surrounded by secondary combustion chambers for the secondary combustion of a combustion gas withdrawn from said furnace so that said combustion air is preheated through heat exchange between said secondary combustion chambers and said means for supplying combustion air.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized by means in said filling means for comminuting the refuse.
  • a refuse-collecting van provided with an incinerator as claimed in claim 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
US418025A 1972-11-24 1973-11-21 Incinerator Expired - Lifetime US3924548A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7241800A FR2208094B3 (nl) 1972-11-24 1972-11-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3924548A true US3924548A (en) 1975-12-09

Family

ID=9107651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US418025A Expired - Lifetime US3924548A (en) 1972-11-24 1973-11-21 Incinerator

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3924548A (nl)
JP (1) JPS4996574A (nl)
AT (1) AT337335B (nl)
BE (1) BE807694A (nl)
CA (1) CA1003700A (nl)
CH (1) CH577143A5 (nl)
DE (1) DE2358071A1 (nl)
DK (1) DK140191B (nl)
FR (1) FR2208094B3 (nl)
GB (1) GB1435307A (nl)
NL (1) NL7316054A (nl)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4335664A (en) * 1978-10-11 1982-06-22 Cemagref Method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of combustible material
US4422388A (en) * 1981-12-01 1983-12-27 Raskin Jean F Wood and other solid register burner
US4545309A (en) * 1984-04-02 1985-10-08 Raoul Comtois Furnace for burning flammable particles
US4809620A (en) * 1983-10-13 1989-03-07 Fives-Cail Babcock Apparatus for the combustion of poorly combustible fuels
US5044288A (en) * 1988-12-01 1991-09-03 Barlow James L Method and apparatus for the efficient combustion of a mass fuel
US6655304B1 (en) 1999-05-21 2003-12-02 Barlow Projects, Inc. Mass fuel combustion system
WO2006041391A1 (en) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Lindstroem Sture Fire grate and burner comprising such a fire grate

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3325078A1 (de) * 1983-07-12 1985-01-24 Heiner Dipl.-Ing. 4100 Duisburg Kreyenberg Vorrichtung zur wirbelschichtverbrennung von faulschlamm
US4870911A (en) * 1988-08-05 1989-10-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus for waste disposal and method
RU2482392C1 (ru) * 2011-12-06 2013-05-20 Закрытое акционерное общество "Турмалин" Мобильная установка для сжигания органических отходов

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2959140A (en) * 1957-08-21 1960-11-08 Waste King Corp Smokeless and odorless incinerator
US3289617A (en) * 1963-08-12 1966-12-06 Illinois Stoker Co Refuse disposal
US3577939A (en) * 1968-05-10 1971-05-11 Rose Downs & Thompson Ltd Incinerators
US3589313A (en) * 1968-08-30 1971-06-29 Us Health Education & Welfare Solid waste disposal method and apparatus
US3625165A (en) * 1970-02-24 1971-12-07 Ishigaki Mech Ind A burning apparatus
US3702595A (en) * 1971-02-04 1972-11-14 Power Gas Ltd Fluidised bed incinerators
US3745940A (en) * 1970-12-07 1973-07-17 Sprocket Properties Ltd Fluidised bed apparatus and method
US3773001A (en) * 1970-09-11 1973-11-20 F Bottalico Incinerator
US3774555A (en) * 1972-01-31 1973-11-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compact incinerator

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2959140A (en) * 1957-08-21 1960-11-08 Waste King Corp Smokeless and odorless incinerator
US3289617A (en) * 1963-08-12 1966-12-06 Illinois Stoker Co Refuse disposal
US3577939A (en) * 1968-05-10 1971-05-11 Rose Downs & Thompson Ltd Incinerators
US3589313A (en) * 1968-08-30 1971-06-29 Us Health Education & Welfare Solid waste disposal method and apparatus
US3625165A (en) * 1970-02-24 1971-12-07 Ishigaki Mech Ind A burning apparatus
US3773001A (en) * 1970-09-11 1973-11-20 F Bottalico Incinerator
US3745940A (en) * 1970-12-07 1973-07-17 Sprocket Properties Ltd Fluidised bed apparatus and method
US3702595A (en) * 1971-02-04 1972-11-14 Power Gas Ltd Fluidised bed incinerators
US3774555A (en) * 1972-01-31 1973-11-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compact incinerator

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4335664A (en) * 1978-10-11 1982-06-22 Cemagref Method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of combustible material
US4422388A (en) * 1981-12-01 1983-12-27 Raskin Jean F Wood and other solid register burner
US4809620A (en) * 1983-10-13 1989-03-07 Fives-Cail Babcock Apparatus for the combustion of poorly combustible fuels
US4545309A (en) * 1984-04-02 1985-10-08 Raoul Comtois Furnace for burning flammable particles
US5044288A (en) * 1988-12-01 1991-09-03 Barlow James L Method and apparatus for the efficient combustion of a mass fuel
US6655304B1 (en) 1999-05-21 2003-12-02 Barlow Projects, Inc. Mass fuel combustion system
WO2006041391A1 (en) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Lindstroem Sture Fire grate and burner comprising such a fire grate
GB2434203A (en) * 2004-10-14 2007-07-18 Sture Lindstroem Fire grate and burner comprising such a fire grate
GB2434203B (en) * 2004-10-14 2008-02-27 Sture Lindstroem Fire grate and burner comprising such a fire grate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4996574A (nl) 1974-09-12
DK140191B (da) 1979-07-02
GB1435307A (en) 1976-05-12
BE807694A (nl) 1974-05-22
FR2208094B3 (nl) 1976-07-23
DK140191C (nl) 1979-11-26
ATA981773A (de) 1976-10-15
AT337335B (de) 1977-06-27
DE2358071A1 (de) 1974-06-06
NL7316054A (nl) 1974-05-28
CH577143A5 (nl) 1976-06-30
FR2208094A1 (nl) 1974-06-21
CA1003700A (en) 1977-01-18

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