US3924423A - Method and machine for manufacturing stockings - Google Patents

Method and machine for manufacturing stockings Download PDF

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US3924423A
US3924423A US305632A US30563272A US3924423A US 3924423 A US3924423 A US 3924423A US 305632 A US305632 A US 305632A US 30563272 A US30563272 A US 30563272A US 3924423 A US3924423 A US 3924423A
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needles
needle
yarn
courses
knitting
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US305632A
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Francesco Lonati
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/42—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration
    • D04B9/46—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof
    • D04B9/54—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof welts, e.g. double or turned welts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D04B1/104—Openwork fabric, e.g. pelerine fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D04B1/106—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern at a selvedge, e.g. hems or turned welts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • D04B1/243—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel upper parts of panties; pants
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/32—Cam systems or assemblies for operating knitting instruments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/66—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements
    • D04B15/68—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements characterised by the knitting instruments used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/22—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles with provision for changing the fabric construction, e.g. from plain to rib-loop fabric

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a machine for manufacturing seamless panty hose and the like.
  • Circular knitting machines are presenty used in hosiery for stockings and are well known.
  • All circular knitting machines for stockings of known type possess members arranged to exclude and reoperate the latch needles in order to make possible the narrowing and widening operations necessary for manufacturing special parts of the stockings, such as the heel.
  • stocking tights are in practice the result of joining a pair of long female stockings to a pair of pants. Because of the configuration of such a garment it is evident that the manufacturing complexity far exceeds that of all other types of hosiery products.
  • the first comprises the knitting of the individual parts which are then sewn together.
  • the second consists of the following stages: the formation of a knitted tube constituting a first stocking starting from its toe, then the formation of the central zone or panty portion, and then the formation of a second stocking (also consisting of a knitted tube) finishing with the toe of this latter. In this manner a knitted tube is obtained on the circular machine.
  • An object of the present invention is to eliminate substantially all the aforementioned disadvantages by providing a circular knitting machine for stockings able to produce hosiery products, particularly stocking tights, completely finished on the machine itself, so eliminating all the finishing operations outside the machine.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a circular knitting machine for stockings capable of increasing to a maximum the speed of production.
  • Still another object of the invention is that of providing an improved method for manufacturing seamless panty hose and the like.
  • a method for the manufacture of stockings including the formation by knitting, on a circular hosiery machine, of a first leg of said tights, a central pelvis part following said first leg and connected to it, and a second leg following said central pelvis part and connected to it, and comprising the steps of driving, during the manufacture of said central pelvis part, the needle cylinder of said circular machine fed with at least one feed of normal yarn, with reciprocating motion, making substantially all needles of said cylinder enter into operation, each rotation of said cylinder extending angularly through approximately one complete turn, said reciprocating motion being such as to produce, at least in a middle zone of said central pelvis part, a longitudinal aperture substantially parallel to the axis of said needle cylinder.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of the main section of a needle cylinder of a circular stocking machine of the single cylinder type with four feeds;
  • FIGS. la, 1b, 1c are stages in the formation of a first course of knitting
  • FIGS. 1d, 1e, 1f are stages in the formation of a second course of knitting
  • FIGS. 1g, 1h, li are stages in the formation of a third course of knitting
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a section of knitting made with reciprocating motion
  • FIG. 3 is a detailed representation on a very enlarged scale of a section of knitting fabric comprising rubber yarns or threads for elasticization;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of the cam unit of a circular machine for carrying out the method according to the invention, showing at the side a needle with its selecting jack.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of a pair of stocking tights
  • FIG. 6 is a further diagrammatic representation of a pair of stocking tights
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show further embodiments on a very enlarged scale of a section of knitted fabric in the crotch zone
  • FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment on a very enlarged scale of a section of elasticized fabric at the longitudinal aperture
  • FIG. 10 is a section along plane X-X of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 11 is a section along plane XI-XI of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 12 is a section along plane XIIXII of FIG. 4.
  • the method for producing tights according to the invention comprises a first stage in which a knitted tube -is formed, to form a first leg 40 (FIG. 5), starting'from the toe and arriving at the junction with the pants, the joint line being indicated by the reference numeral 41 (see FIG. 5).
  • the method of forming this leg is known in various types of knitting (net, plain, etc.), and comprises the use for example of four feeds of normal yarn, with continuous rotational motion of the needle cylinder. It should be noted that the continuous rotation of the needle cylinder continues successively to form the zone 42, but the yarn is changed using the thickness which will be selected to form the pants and which is normally greater than that of the other parts.
  • the central zone is now made with reciprocating motion, this motion comprising essentially two distinct stages.
  • first stage two types of yarn are used, namely a normal or body yarn and an elastic yarn; in the first stage an annular or tubular portion is formed, while driving the cylinder with reciprocating motion, which precedes the cut T, and comprises an elastic zone 43 in one section of said portion, an intermediate zone 44 and a crotch zone 45 on the diametrically opposed side.
  • the second stage is analogous with the first (again with reciprocating motion) but in addition to forming the remaining part of the crotch 46 and the intermediate front and rear central portions 47, it also forms the waist opening defined by the cut T and the two elasticized zones 48 to the sides of the cut of a tubular panty portion.
  • the method corresponding to the first stage is successively repeated, but from the other end of the cut with the formation of the Zones 43a, 44a and 45a. Finally a zone 42a is repeated passing from reciprocating motion to continuous rotation of the needle cylinder, and then the knitting of the second leg 40a, in accordance with the known method, is carried out.
  • FIG. 1 of the second of said two stages for manufacturing the pants i.e. that which forms the panty portion with the waist opening T and adjacent zones 46, 47 48.
  • the zones 48 are not elasticized, but are as the zone 47.
  • FIGS. 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1/1 and 1i are diagrammatic representations of the main section of a needle cylinder, indicated overall by the reference numeral 1.
  • the arrows F1 and F2 show the direction of motion in the return and forward sense, respectively during reciprocation, whereas the letters A, B, C, D and E define needle groups and the reference numerals 1G, 2G, 3F and 4F indicate four yarn feeds, 1G and 2G indicating feeds of rubber or elastic yarn, and 3F and 4F indicating feeds of normal yarn of which the body of the panty portion is knitted; 1G and 2G give normal yarn during continuous rotational motion.
  • the needle groups will be numbered as first, second, third, fourth and fifth needle group, whereby the first needle group includes needles arranged between B and C, the second needle group includes the needles diametrically opposite and arranged between D and E, the third needle group includes needles arranged between C and D and the fourth and fifth needle group include needles arranged between A and B and A and E, respectively.
  • the needle cylinder moves with reciprocating motion, each stroke being of about 360 but even to a greater or less extent (such as 400), which is followed by the next stroke, again of approximately 360, but in the opposite direction with the dead centre at that is at the generatrix of the needle cylinder along which the waist opening will be defined.
  • the formation of the first course is started by the return stroke, along the arrow F1. Needles are selected by selectors which will be described hereinafter, in a manner which will be described, so that the needles of the section or group ABCD now operate, taking the yarn from the feed 3F,
  • A is the intersection of a vertical immaginary geometrical separation plane with the needle cylinder
  • the first needle after A in the direction AB takes yarn from feed 3F
  • the first needle from A in the direction AE takes yarn from feed 4F.
  • the needle cylinder 1 moves in the direction of the arrow F1
  • the needles of the cylinder 1 take the yarn from the feed 3F starting from the point A towards B.
  • FIG. 2 shows diagrammatically the fabric being developed with the courses shown in roman numerals. It can be seen that the middle zone 46 is formed with a smaller number of courses than the remaining zones, in order to give a fan effect for producing a curved configuration at the crotch.
  • the first course also concerns said zone 46.
  • the motion reverses for the formation of the second course, with rotation through a further 360 approximately, after which there is a new reversal of motion fora further 360 approximately, and so on, while the fabric is being formed in sectors so as to permit the needles to be discharged at each reversal, while the cut T is being formed defining a waist opening.
  • the first needle in the direction AB and the first needle in the direction AE each take a yarn from a different feed at different times and reciprocation ends at point A no continuity is obtained in knitting at this point and substantially complete courses are formed having ends defining a knit selvage edge at point A. It is, however, also possible to exclude one or a few needles from knitting at the end of each reciprocation to form courses each having slightly spaced adjacent ends proximate to point A defining the waist opening.
  • the needle cylnder 1 moves in the forward direction, as indicated by the arrow F2, the needles are selected so that all needles of the section AED take yarn from the feed 4F and all needles of the section DCBA take yarn from the feed 3F (see FIGS. 1d, 12, If and FIG. 2). Also in this case (in this second course) all needles have taken up yarn (and consequently the zone 46 is also concerned). Obviously there is one needle in position D taking yarn both from feed 3F and feed 4F to knit the adjacent zones together.
  • the cylinder 1 is in the return stage (arrow F1), the needles are selected so that those of the section ABC take the yarn from feed 3F, whereas those of the section DEA take it from 4F.
  • all needles with the exception of those of the section or group CD have picked up yarn (see FIGS. 1g, 1h, 11' and FIG. 2).
  • the third course does not concern the zone 46 and a partial course has been formed to the side of crotch zone 46.
  • the needles of section AED take yarn from the feed 4F and the needles of the section CBA take yarn from 3F. All needles with the exception of those of the section CD have taken up yarn.
  • the fifth course is a repetition of the third.
  • the sixth course is a repetition of the fourth.
  • the seventh course is a repetition of the third.
  • the needles of the section AEDC take yarn from 4F and those of the section CBA from 3F. All needles take up yarn thus forming a substantially complete course having ends at point A.
  • the cylinder 1 is in the return stage, arrow Fl, the needles of section ABC take thread from the feed 3F, and those of section CDEA from 4F. All needles have taken up yarn. Obviously there is one needle in position C taking yarn both from feed 3F and feed 4F to knit the adjacent zones together.
  • the cylinder 1 In forming the tenth course, the cylinder 1 is in the forward stage F2, the needles of section AED take yarn from the feed 4F, and those of section CBA from 3F. The needles of section CD do not take up yarn.
  • the eleventh course is a repetition of the third.
  • the twelfth course is a repetition of the fourth.
  • the thirteenth is a repetition of the third.
  • the fourteenth is a repetition of the fourth.
  • the fifteenth is a repetition of the third.
  • the sixteenth is a repetition of the fourth.
  • the seventeenth is a repetition of the first.
  • Knittingis continued in this manner for the section desired, remembering that knitting is prosecuted by repeating a certain number of cycles each of which comprises sixteen courses.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic example of the knitting thus obtained, in which each course is represented by a continuous line for the feed 3F, and a dashed line for the feeds 4F. It is well deducible from this figure that substantially complete courses are formed at regular intervals at the crotch zone 46 joining together the partial courses, whereby the crotch zone 46 is formed by a number of courses smaller than that of the front and rear central portions 47.
  • the crotch zone 46 is knitted by the needles of the third intermediate needle group CD and the front and rear central portions 47 by the needles of the first and second needle group BC and DE.
  • zones 43, 44, 45 and 43a, 44a, 450 (FIG. 5) the procedure is the same as described for zones 46, 47, 48 remembering to raise one more pair of needles so that, working with reciprocating motion, they take the yarn from both the feeds 3F and 4F and produce a fabric which is joined where previouslsy the cut T was formed.
  • Said zones 43, 44, 45 and 43a, 44a, 450 thus define tubular portions formed by complete courses. In place of two, only one, or more needles can be raised, all taking yarn from both 3F and 4F, to have the desired overlapping.
  • FIG. 3 shows a preferred knitting pattern obtained with elastic yarn inserted in the normal knitting pattern.
  • the rubber yarn is indicated by a single line whereas the normal yarn is indicated by a light double line.
  • the elastic thread is inserted into the fabric during manufacturing of zones 48 (FIGS. 3 and 5) in the following manner.
  • the feeds 1G and 2G of rubber yarn are caused to become operative.
  • the feed 1G feeds the needles of fifth group AE of the needle cylinder; said needles are selected so that they take up the yarn, for example every five reciprocations in a return stage (arrow F1), only from the elastic yarn feed 1G. Said needles are selected alternately that is according to a 1:] selection, i.e. one is selected and one is not. In this manner a course of elastic yarn 49 is inserted for every four courses of normal yarn 50 (see FIG. 3).
  • group AB the needles are also selected alternately. In this manner one course of elastic yarn is inserted for every four courses of normal yarn (see FIG. 3).
  • FIG. 3 of the drawing for simplicity, a knitting pattern simmetrically relative to plane A is represented. Assuming that course 50a is being knitted as shown on left bottom side of FIG. 3 while the needle cylinder is oscillating as indicated by arrow F1, and that portion 47, which has been knitted by all the needles of second group DE taking up body yarn from feed 4F, is being terminated, a selection of the needles of fifth group AE takes place-as stated above, causing the odd needles to take up body yarn to continue course 50a towards aperture T, while the even needles do not take up any yarn since they have taken elastic yarn at the previous course, as shown by loops 490 at the left bottom side of FIG. 3.
  • the said operation continues, in the example shown, for four strokes of reciprocation, that is for four courses including also courses 50c and 50d during '7 which only the odd needles knit while the even needles hold the elastic yarn.
  • the odd needles After the next four courses knitted by the even needles with body yarn, the odd needles newly take up and knit body yarn and the even needles take up and hold elastic yarn as previously described.
  • the elastic yarn thus forms elongated loops 49a and 49b (FIG. 3), extending parallel to the cut T and forming a bridge connection over four courses of normal yarn 50. Said disposition is particularly advantageous in that the rubber yarn exerts its own elastic action in a direction parallel to that of the aperture T, so forming around said aperture an elastic belt.
  • the zones 43 and 43a are also elasticized, with the formation of a fabric of the type shown in FIG. 3. In these zones the reciprocating motion is maintained, but there are needles raised at point A to take up body yarn from two feeds and interknit this yarn so that the formation of the aperture T is avoided, and a tubular shaped fabric portion is obtained.
  • FIG. 4 shows diagrammatically the configuration of a cam unit of a circular hosiery machine for carrying out the method according to the invention heretofore described.
  • the positions of four feeds are indicated by 1G, 2G, 3F and 4F.
  • 3F and 4F supply body yarn for the fabric both during continuous motion and during the three reciprocating motion stages described.
  • 1G and 2G supply body yarn for the fabric during continuous motion, whereas for the reciprocating motion stages they supply rubber or elastic yarn instead of body yarn.
  • a selector jack 4 On the left-hand side of FIG. 4 are shown a selector jack 4, an intermidiate jack 5 and a needle 6.
  • the selector 4 comprises a hook or lower butt 7, a set of pattern butts 8, a set of larger butts 9 and an upper butt 10. Both the pattern butts 8 and larger butts 9 are partly or totally suppressed according to the knitting pattern to be obtained.
  • the selector 4, intermediate jack 5 and needle 6, slide in a longitudinal groove in the needle cylinder 1 in known manner.
  • the profile of the selector 4, which is in contact with the base of the groove, is slightly angled with its vertex at 4a, which divides it into two straight portions 4b and 4c so that the base of the groove is touched in turn either by the section 4b or section 40 in known manner.
  • the intermediate jack 5 possesses a butt 11.
  • the needle 6 comprises a butt 12, a hook 13 and a latch 14.
  • jack control cams of the circular machine for carrying out the method according to the invention com prise four fixed cams of trapezoidal profile for engagement with the butt 7 of the selector 4.
  • Said patterning levers which are mobile radially with respect to the needle cylinder by the action of known mechanisms, are shown sectioned along the lines XX and XI XI, in FIGS. 10 and 11 and have profiles indicated overall by 24 and 25.
  • the levers 16, 17, 18 and 19 engage with the butts 8 of the selectors 4 during continuous motion of the cylinder 1, the direction of rotation of which is indicated by the arrow 26.
  • the levers 20 and 21 operate during the return stroke of the reciprocating motion in the first and second stage, the direction of rotation being indicated by the arrow 27, and act on the needles which take up the yarn for knitting the fabric.
  • the levers 22 and 23 operate during the return stroke in the second stage, and act on the needles which take up the rubber yarn.
  • the sections 18a and 19a of the levers l8 and 19 act during the forward stroke in the second stage of the reciprocating motion, on the needles which take up the rubber yarn.
  • cams 28 of trapezoidal profile above the cams 15, but of a smaller height than the cams 15, said cams 28 being provided for forming held loops and working alternately with the cams 15, in engagement with the butts 9 of the selector 4.
  • cams 29 for controlling all the selectors, said cams 29, shown in section on a line XII-XII, having a profile indicated overall by the reference numeral 30 in FIG. 12.
  • cams 29 there are four fixed hollow cams 31 for lowering the selectors 4, and which engage with the butt 11 of the intermediate jacks 5.
  • the cams 31 are defined by a single relief body 32, above which there are four fixed counter-cams 33a, four fixed countercams 33b, four fixed needle lowering cams 34a and four fixed needle lowering cams 34b.
  • the cams 34a and countercams 33a engage with the butt 12 of the needle 6 during the forward motion of the needle cylinder 1 (arrow 26), and the cams 34b and countercams 33b engage with the butt 12 during the return motion (arrow 27).
  • the cam unit described there are four knitting cams'for the return motion, i.e. 34b, two more than is normal, because the machine containing said cam unit uses four feeds also during reciprocatin g motion. It shou d also be noted that in the cam unit described there are eight packs of patterning levers of which four, 20, 21, 22 and 23, are for the return motion of the needle cylinder 1.
  • the machine further comprises control means for operating said patterning levers such that during each reciprocation substantially all the needles are selected to knit at both strokes of each reciprocation during the manufacturing of the panty portion lying adjacent the waist opening T, while during manufacturing of the tubular portions ar- 9 ranged adjacent the ends of the waist opening at least one needle knits yarn from two adjacent feeds.
  • the circular knitting machine equipped in this manner is arranged to operate according to the previously described sequence with the aperture and the elasticized parts at the waist already formed directly on the machine, without requiring successive finishing operations (with the exception evidently of dyeing and forming).
  • the machine may be set as required, thus for example the manufacturing stages with the cylinder in reciprocating motion may be arranged for cycles of any number of rows (in the example heretofore described the cycles each comprised 16 courses).
  • manufacture of the panty portion is made using one or more feeds of normal yarn, it being possible in this latter case to form said crotch zone with yarns of different characteristics (for example cotton) than those used in the remaining parts (for example a synthetic fiber) so as to confer on the gannent highly satisfactory hygienic characteristics with a consequent greater commercial value.
  • yarns of different characteristics for example cotton
  • those used in the remaining parts for example a synthetic fiber
  • the said second form of application of the method according to the invention for manufacturing stockings, and particularly stocking tights consists of manufacturing a crotch zone by driving the needle cylinder fed with at least one feed of normal yarn with reciprocating motion, in a sector of knitted fabric diametrically opposite the resulting longitudinal aperture, with a number of courses equal to that provided in the adjacent zones of the central pelvis portion, knitted during the same working stage.
  • said crotch zone is made like a tuck stitch knitted fabric.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the use of a circular knitting machine with one or two feeds of normal yarn arranged so as to operate with reciprocating motion during the formation of the pelvis portion. More precisely, said reciprocating motion takes place as previously described with rotations of approximately 360 (for example 356358) so as to form an aperture T (FIG. 6) disposed in the longitudinal direction in the tubular fabric forming the stocking tights.
  • the portion 460 (FIG. 8) at the crotch is provided with a number of courses equal to the number in the adjacent parts of the panty portion 51.
  • the fabric at the crotch zone 460 may be obtained by a conventional setting of the needles as shown in FIG. 7, or in another form as shown in the figure.
  • the stitches are held by alternate needles for a certain number of courses (five in the illustrations), either maintaining the same needle operation over the entire development of the zone 46a (FIG. 8) or alternating the needles after each of said number of courses (FIG. 7).
  • one of the two feeds 3F and 4F (FIG. 1) of normal yarn feeds the needle sector AED, whereas the other feed of normal yarn feeds the remaining needle sector DCBA.
  • the needles are selected so that alternate needles are raised by cams 28 to a height such that they take up new yarn without forming a stitch with the previous yarn which remains held on the corresponding needle to obtain fabrics having stitches as shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8.
  • the manufacture continues unchanged for the entire stage with reciprocating motion of the cylinder, while feeding the sector AED with one feed of normal yarn and the sector DCBA with the other feed of normal yarn, for the entire pelvis part 51.
  • the longitudinal aperture T is formed at the point A whereas in the sectors AE, AB, rubber yarn is provided from the two feeds 1G and 2G. At these latter sectors elasticized fabric is obtained as shown in FIG. 9, with the insertion of rubber yarn G between the normal yarns F.
  • the rubber yarn G (shown dotted in FIG. 9) is inserted so as to form elongated loops g across a certain number of courses so as to give elastic tension in the direction of the aperture T.
  • the structural characteristics of the elasticized fabric may be easily observed by an expert in this art from FIG. 9, which will consequently not be further described.
  • the stitch fabric in zone 46a of the crotch gives a smaller degree of elasticity in this zone and a greater compactness between the stitches with respect to the remaining zones of the stocking tights. In this manner a contraction is formed in the tights at the zone 46a, with a consequent fan disposition of the panty portion 51.
  • the elasticized part 5 2 (FIG. 6) around the aperture T, is in reality composed of a number of courses which is double the number in the remaining parts of the panty portion 51 as the rubber yarns from the feeds 1G and 2G have been inserted in addition to the two normal yarns from the feeds 3F and 4F.
  • a circular machine may be used with three feeds of which two supply rubber yarn and one supplies normal synthetic yarn, or again a circular knitting ma- 1 1 chine may be used with five feeds of which two provide rubber yarn, two provide normal synthetic yarn and one provides cotton yarn.
  • the circular machine used must evidently be constructed with suitable controls so as to obtain the required needle selection and a reciprocating motion of the needle cylinder of sufficient amplitude during the formation of the pelvis portion.
  • a method for manufacturing seamless panty hose and the like having a tubular panty portion with a waist opening and two legs integral with said panty portion on a circular hosiery knitting machine having a needle cylinder including the steps of knitting a first of said legs by continuously rotating said needle cylinder and forming complete courses, knitting a panty portion adjacent said waist opening by reciprocating said needle cylinder and knitting said tubular panty portion with substantially all the needles of said needle cylinder during each of at least a number of strokes of reciprocation and controlling the needles to form a knit selvage edge at the end of each of said at least a number of strokes of reciprocation to define said waist opening, and knitting a second of said legs by continuously rotating said needle cylinder and forming complete courses.
  • a method as claimed in claim 2 including the step of knitting at least some wales of the courses forming said tubular portions adjacent said waist opening with an elastic yarn.
  • a method as claimed in claim 2 including the steps of knitting said tubular portions between said legs and said tubular panty portion adjacent said waist opening on a circular hosiery knitting machine having two feeds spaced from one another and needles grouped in two substantially opposite needle groups and an intermediate needle group arranged between said two substantially opposite needle groups, wherein said tubular portions are knitted by feeding yarn to the needles of said two substantially opposite needle groups to form partial courses joined together at one end thereof and by feeding at regular intervals said yarn to the needles of said intermediate needle group to form courses joining together said partial courses at the other end thereof at regular intervals, whereby during reciprocation of said needle cylinder at least one needle at the end of adjacent needle groups is operated to take up yarn from both the feeds for joining together said courses at said ends.
  • a method as claimed in claim 8, further including the steps of knitting additionally to said wales of elastic yarn some wales of said body yarn by feeding selected needles of said fourth and fifth needle group with said body yarn fed by said feeds for body yarn and the remaining needles of said fourth and fifth needle group with said elastic yarn fed by said feeds for elastic yarn at regular intervals, thereby to form courses of body yarn arranged between courses of elastic yarn.
  • knitting of said wales of elastic yarn and said wales of body yarn is carried out by effecting a 1:1 selection of the needles of said fourth and fifth needle group to divide them into even needles and odd needles, said even needles knitting said body yarn for a number of courses while said odd needles take up said elastic yarn at the 13 beginning of said number of courses and hold it without knitting during formation of said number of courses, and subsequently said odd needles knitting said body yarn and said even needles holding said elastic yarn, so as to form elongated loops of elastic yarn defining a bridge connection over groups of courses of body yarn.
  • a circular hosiery knitting machine for manufacturing tubular panty hose and the like having a panty portion with a waist opening and two legs integral with said panty portion, comprising a needle cylinder having needles slidable therein, means for reciprocating said needle cylinder by an extent of substantially a complete turn, at least one feed for feeding a body yarn and two feeds for feeding elastic yarn, selecting mechanisms including patterning levers arranged along the periphery of the needle cylinder to select said needles at both strokes of each reciprocation to knit the yarn of a corresponding feed, and control means for causing substantially all the needles to knit at each of at least some strokes of reciprocation during the knitting operation of said tubular panty portion and for controlling the needles at the end of each said strokes of reciprocation to form a knitted selvage edge during manufacturing of at least a part of said panty portion to define said waist opening.
  • a circular hosiery knitting machine as claimed in claim 12, comprising needles grouped in a first and second needle group arranged diametrically opposite to each other, a third intermediate needle group arranged between said first and said second needle group, and a fourth and fifth needle group arranged between said first and said second needle group opposite to said third needle group, further comprising two feeds for feeding said body yarn to said needles of said first and second group during reciprocation of said needle cylinder such that each of said first and second needle groups is fed by that one of said two feeds which is arranged substantially opposite thereto, and for feeding said body yarn at certain times to said needles of said third needle group such that each of said feeds supplies yarn alternately and said third needle group is not fed during other times, and two feeds for feeding said elastic yarn to said fourth and fifth needle group such that each of said fourth and fifth needle group is fed by one of said feeds feeding elastic yarn and by a corresponding one of said feeds feeding said body yarn arranged opposite to the corresponding needle group, the machine wherein said selecting mechanisms include means for controlling at least

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
US305632A 1971-11-13 1972-11-10 Method and machine for manufacturing stockings Expired - Lifetime US3924423A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/503,838 US4022035A (en) 1972-11-10 1974-09-06 Panty hose waist opening

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT31070/71A IT940590B (it) 1971-11-13 1971-11-13 Procedimento per la fabbricazione di calze particolarmente del tipo collant macchina per la realizza zione di detto procedimento e pro dotto ottenuto
IT27325/72A IT1007523B (it) 1971-11-13 1972-07-22 Procedimento per la fabbricazione di calze particolarmente del tipo collant macchina per la realizza zione di detto procedimento e pro dotto ottenuto

Related Child Applications (1)

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US05/503,838 Continuation-In-Part US4022035A (en) 1972-11-10 1974-09-06 Panty hose waist opening

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US3924423A true US3924423A (en) 1975-12-09

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US305632A Expired - Lifetime US3924423A (en) 1971-11-13 1972-11-10 Method and machine for manufacturing stockings

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US (1) US3924423A (it)
JP (1) JPS4856947A (it)
BE (1) BE791069A (it)
CA (1) CA982358A (it)
CH (1) CH559266A5 (it)
CS (1) CS189585B2 (it)
DD (1) DD100755A5 (it)
DE (1) DE2254914A1 (it)
ES (2) ES408802A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2160185A5 (it)
GB (1) GB1416179A (it)
IT (2) IT940590B (it)

Cited By (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3992903A (en) * 1974-07-15 1976-11-23 Rockwell International Corporation Seamless garment including method of and machine for knitting the same
US4009495A (en) * 1975-04-25 1977-03-01 Penn-Dale Knitting Mills, Inc. Ventilated briefs
US4014188A (en) * 1973-04-13 1977-03-29 Conti P Panty hose with improved waist openings
US4023384A (en) * 1973-04-13 1977-05-17 Billi, S.P.A. Knit tubular article with transverse waist opening
US4070874A (en) * 1974-12-12 1978-01-31 Elitex - Zavody Textilniho Strojirenstvi Generalni Reditelstvi One piece pantyhose and method of manufacturing same
US4100769A (en) * 1976-01-15 1978-07-18 Siegfried Nurk Circular knitting machine method for manufacturing one piece panty hose or the like
US4445345A (en) * 1980-02-20 1984-05-01 Societe Breilly S.A. Panty-hose with an elastic belt incorporated therein and method
US20060150686A1 (en) * 2003-05-02 2006-07-13 Ettore Lonati Circular knitting machine, particularly for producing items of clothing with three-dimensional shapes
US7392669B2 (en) 2003-05-02 2008-07-01 Santoni S.P.A. Circular knitting machine, particularly of the medium-diameter type, with improved needle actuation
US20160251783A1 (en) * 2013-10-17 2016-09-01 Golden Lady Company S.P.A. Method and machine for producing a knitted article with body and leg pieces, and article thus obtained
US20180142389A1 (en) * 2016-11-23 2018-05-24 Nike, Inc. Knit apparel with integral airflow and standoff zones

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2508866C2 (de) * 1975-02-28 1983-12-01 Fred Vatter Strumpffabriken Schongau-Altenstadt GmbH, 8920 Schongau Einschlauchstrumpfhose
FR2329780A1 (fr) * 1975-10-28 1977-05-27 Vatter Strumpffab Procede de fabrication d'une paire de collants confectionnes en une seule operation
IE50773B1 (en) * 1980-04-03 1986-07-09 Peck H T H Holdings Ltd Production of knitted garments
FR2718495B1 (fr) * 1994-04-08 1996-06-21 Aerospatiale Procédé de remplacement d'un fluide hydraulique contenu dans un circuit de commande tel qu'un circuit d'aéronef.
WO2016006012A1 (en) * 2014-07-10 2016-01-14 Mamytex Di Capra Mario Sas Hosiery machine head
ITUB20160944A1 (it) * 2016-02-22 2017-08-22 Golden Lady Co Spa Metodo per produrre un indumento a maglia elasticizzato e indumento ottenuto
IT201700044778A1 (it) * 2017-04-24 2018-10-24 Santoni & C Spa Attuatore a levette per macchine circolari per maglieria, macchina circolare per maglieria e metodo di movimentazione di aghi di una macchina circolare per maglieria
IT201900009189A1 (it) * 2019-06-17 2020-12-17 Santoni & C Spa Manufatto tessile tubolare realizzato su una macchina circolare per maglieria ad intarsio e procedimento per realizzare un manufatto tessile tubolare su una macchina circolare per maglieria ad intarsio

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US1897131A (en) * 1929-01-24 1933-02-14 Hemphill Co Method and mechanism for knitting full-fashioned hosiery
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US2939303A (en) * 1956-08-16 1960-06-07 Textile Machine Works Method of making a hosiery heel pocket
US3222890A (en) * 1960-11-10 1965-12-14 Draper Corp Knitting method and apparatus
US3292392A (en) * 1963-06-05 1966-12-20 Pilot Res Corp Circular knitting machine for knitting seamless panty girdles and the like
US3748870A (en) * 1971-10-04 1973-07-31 Pilot Res Corp Seamless knit lower body garment and method of making same
US3802229A (en) * 1972-04-10 1974-04-09 Pilot Res Corp Seamless garment with partial and full course fashioning and method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1897131A (en) * 1929-01-24 1933-02-14 Hemphill Co Method and mechanism for knitting full-fashioned hosiery
US2276045A (en) * 1939-11-09 1942-03-10 Swiss Knitting Company Girdle
US2939303A (en) * 1956-08-16 1960-06-07 Textile Machine Works Method of making a hosiery heel pocket
US3222890A (en) * 1960-11-10 1965-12-14 Draper Corp Knitting method and apparatus
US3292392A (en) * 1963-06-05 1966-12-20 Pilot Res Corp Circular knitting machine for knitting seamless panty girdles and the like
US3748870A (en) * 1971-10-04 1973-07-31 Pilot Res Corp Seamless knit lower body garment and method of making same
US3802229A (en) * 1972-04-10 1974-04-09 Pilot Res Corp Seamless garment with partial and full course fashioning and method

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4014188A (en) * 1973-04-13 1977-03-29 Conti P Panty hose with improved waist openings
US4023384A (en) * 1973-04-13 1977-05-17 Billi, S.P.A. Knit tubular article with transverse waist opening
US3992903A (en) * 1974-07-15 1976-11-23 Rockwell International Corporation Seamless garment including method of and machine for knitting the same
US4070874A (en) * 1974-12-12 1978-01-31 Elitex - Zavody Textilniho Strojirenstvi Generalni Reditelstvi One piece pantyhose and method of manufacturing same
US4009495A (en) * 1975-04-25 1977-03-01 Penn-Dale Knitting Mills, Inc. Ventilated briefs
US4100769A (en) * 1976-01-15 1978-07-18 Siegfried Nurk Circular knitting machine method for manufacturing one piece panty hose or the like
US4445345A (en) * 1980-02-20 1984-05-01 Societe Breilly S.A. Panty-hose with an elastic belt incorporated therein and method
US7207196B2 (en) 2003-05-02 2007-04-24 Santoni S.P.A. Circular knitting machine, particularly for producing items of clothing with three-dimensional shapes
US20060150686A1 (en) * 2003-05-02 2006-07-13 Ettore Lonati Circular knitting machine, particularly for producing items of clothing with three-dimensional shapes
US7392669B2 (en) 2003-05-02 2008-07-01 Santoni S.P.A. Circular knitting machine, particularly of the medium-diameter type, with improved needle actuation
CN100572634C (zh) * 2003-05-02 2009-12-23 山德霓股份公司 尤其用于生产带有三维形状的织品的圆形针织机
KR101186899B1 (ko) * 2003-05-02 2012-10-02 산토니 에쎄.뻬.아. 니들 활성화가 향상된 중-직경 타입의 환편기
US20160251783A1 (en) * 2013-10-17 2016-09-01 Golden Lady Company S.P.A. Method and machine for producing a knitted article with body and leg pieces, and article thus obtained
JP2016540132A (ja) * 2013-10-17 2016-12-22 ゴールデン レデイ カンパニー ソチエタ ペル アチオーニ 本体及び脚片を備えたニット製品を生産する方法及び編機並びに得られた製品
US10221509B2 (en) * 2013-10-17 2019-03-05 Golden Lady Company S.P.A. Method and machine for producing a knitted article with body and leg pieces, and article thus obtained
US20180142389A1 (en) * 2016-11-23 2018-05-24 Nike, Inc. Knit apparel with integral airflow and standoff zones
US10889923B2 (en) * 2016-11-23 2021-01-12 Nike, Inc. Knit apparel with integral airflow and standoff zones

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES437616A1 (es) 1977-01-16
BE791069A (fr) 1973-03-01
CH559266A5 (it) 1975-02-28
IT1007523B (it) 1976-10-30
CA982358A (en) 1976-01-27
IT940590B (it) 1973-02-20
DE2254914A1 (de) 1973-05-17
JPS4856947A (it) 1973-08-10
FR2160185A5 (it) 1973-06-22
DD100755A5 (it) 1973-10-05
GB1416179A (en) 1975-12-03
ES408802A1 (es) 1976-03-16
CS189585B2 (en) 1979-04-30

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