US3921381A - Method of manufacturing a cable using SZ twisting devices - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing a cable using SZ twisting devices Download PDF

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Publication number
US3921381A
US3921381A US341773A US34177373A US3921381A US 3921381 A US3921381 A US 3921381A US 341773 A US341773 A US 341773A US 34177373 A US34177373 A US 34177373A US 3921381 A US3921381 A US 3921381A
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Prior art keywords
cable
twist
unit
units
twisting
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Expired - Lifetime
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US341773A
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Dieter Vogelsberg
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/02—Stranding-up
    • H01B13/0271—Alternate stranding processes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2035—Strands false twisted

Definitions

  • Each of the devices which perform this type of twisting have the advantage that the elements to be twisted can be unwound from stationary unwinding frames and that parallel operation in which a plurality of individual wires can be twisted to form cable units and the units then combined and twisted to form a complete cable.
  • Most devices of this type accomplish the SZ-twisting using a rotating twisting device which contains an intermediate accumulator. A length wire or cable units to be twisted are accumulated within the accumulator and twisted therein in the successive lengths of right and left twists with the twisting apparatus reversing for each length. Generally, these accumulators are of a fixed length.
  • a device which has an accumulator of fixed length and which changes the speed or direction of rotation from section to section while the feeding velocity of the cable elements is kept constant is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,169,360. It is also possible to have a fixed storage accumulator which is rotated at a constant speed and direction while the feeding velocity is changed from section to section. Such a system is shown in French Pat. No. 1,468,382.
  • One way to accomplish these variations is to make the separation of the points of reversal of the direction of twists as large a dimension as possible.
  • This dimension is designated by the letter T and its reciprocal is designated as 2a.
  • the reciprocal of the length T will indicate the number. of points of reversal per unit length of the cable.
  • T To have a large T requires a large accumulator for use in the SZ-twisting. Obviously. this would make the accumulator quite large and increase its cost.
  • the output velocity of the finished cable be as high as possible. This requires a small accumulator.
  • the present invention provides a method for manufacturing SZ-twisted cables which provides both a high output rate and low coupling between conductors.
  • T is the length between reversal points
  • 2a is the number of points of reversal per unit length.
  • One or more of the process parameters which determine the values of the quantity d and/or the quantity a are continuously altered so that the sum d+a and the, difference d-a are continually increased and decreased (preferably in a random fashion) about a mean value with the amount of increase and decrease being at least 0.5 percent.
  • process parameters are chosen so that the mean value of the sum d+a and/or the difference d-a of each SZ-twisted cable unit used in making up the final cable differs from that of the other SZ-cable units used in that cable by less than IO percent.
  • FIG. 1 shows the alternately twisted cable with pertinent dimensions
  • FIGS. 2-3 show distributions of the lay numbers of the individual twists of which the sz twisting is comprised.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates in block diagram form a typical type of system in which the method of the present invention can be used.
  • the basis of the invention lies in the fact that the SZ- twisting of a cable unit can analytically be replaced by a Fourier series of many [rigoriously speaking infinitly many] constant twists.
  • the length of a lay is designated by the letter S and its reciprocal i.e. the number of lays per meter by the letter d.
  • S and T are shown in FIG. 1 wherein a cable 1 with both left and right twists is shown in schematic form with the dimensions S and T indicated thereon.
  • the dimension T is the distance between the points of reversal and its reciprocal i.e. the number of changes of direction per unit length is designated 2a.
  • a series of constant twists having lay numbers (diam).
  • n 1,2,5 to infinity. may be used to represent the cable.
  • the amplitude of the twists decreases with increasing n.
  • the lay numbers of the individual twists of which the SZ-twisting is assumed to be comprised will have a distribution resembling a discrete frequency spectrum where the separation of the spectral lines is given by the separation of the points of reversal of direction of twists of the SZ-twisted cable units. This is illustrated by FIG. 2.
  • the modulation of the quantities D and/or 21 will result in a Fourier spectrum of component twists 4 for each SZ-twisted cable unit with exhibits a more evenly distributed amplitude spectrum as shown on FIG. 3.
  • This modulation avoids the single spectral lines which have particularly high amplitudes and appear at the values di'u. di3a. diSu. which. if the same polarities were present. could produce large coupling components distributed over the length of the cable. Instead of these large components as shown in FIG. 2, there are a multiplicity of spectral lines of smaller amplitude. particularly in the vacinity of zl zna. where n equals 1.3.5.7 to infinity. The result is that only very small degrees of coupling occur. and further. that the components tend to cancel each other.
  • a spectrum such as that shown on FIG. 3 can be achieved if the modulation of the quantities (1 and/or a is made random. i.e. for example when the separation of the points of reversal of direction of twist fluctuations statistically about a mean value within the established minimum amplitude of fluctuation.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates in block diagram form a typical type of system in which the method of the'present invention can be used.
  • Individual wires indicated collectively by ll, 13 and 15 are provided respectively to twisting devices 17. 19 and 21 wherein they are SZ-twisted in the manner described above. These machines may be any of the types listed above when discussing the background of the invention.
  • the twisted cable being units output from devices 17, 19 and 2I are indicated respectively by the lines 23. 25 and 27 and are provided to a final cable twisting device 29 where they are twisted together to form the final cable output indicated by line 31.
  • Each of the twisting devices l7, 19, 21 and 29 will have associated with it a control block.
  • the control block for twisting device 29 is indicated by the numeral 33, that for the device 17 by the numeral 35, that for the device 19 by the numeral 37, and that for the device 21 by the numeral 39.
  • Each of these controls will have a plurality of outputs to control their associated devices.
  • Three typical control parameters are shown coming from control 33. They include as discussed above, accumulator length, feed velocity and rotational speed.
  • the controls 35, 37 and 39 will have similar outputs which are indicated collectively by the single line couping them to their respective twisting devices.
  • the outputs from the control blocks are used in a conventional manner to continuously change the control outputs being provided from the controls to the twisting devices so as to continually change one or more of the parameters in a random fashion to achieve the type of Fourier spectrum described above in connection with FIG. 3.
  • the speed of rotation may be varied, as may the pulling off speed or. in the case of a flying twisting yoke, the speed of revolution of the yoke about the storage unit. From a practical standpoint. however, increasing and decreasing the storage content of the accumulator is'most useful. In such a case the modulation of thequantities d anda iseasily accomplished through a continuous change of the time of changing from an increase to a decrease of the storage content or through the modulation of the rate ofchange of the storage coritent.
  • twisting head of the type wellknown in the art which positively grips the cable units and rotates it in a circumferial direction can be placed at the output of the twisting devices 17, 19 and 21.
  • These twisting heads are shown as dotted blocks indicated by the numeral 43.
  • An example of a type of twisting head which can be used is that shown in German Pat. Nos. 1,765,452 and 1,928,591. 1f the additional twist method of modulating the cables is used, then the random function generators 41 will provide outputs to the twisting heads 43 as indicated by dotted lines 45 rather than providing inputs to the control blocks.
  • Such lengths of lay or twists can be obtained, for example, with pulling-off speed v m/min and speeds of rotation n 250 to 300 rpm, in a device where the SZ- twisting is accomplished by rotating intermediate accumulators with fixed storage content and sectionally alternating the direction of rotation.
  • such twists may be obtained with pulling-off speed of v 50 m/min and speeds of rotation of n 1000 to 1200 rpm.
  • the modulation which will assure the decoupling of the sprial quads can now be accomplished, for example, by keeping the twists d constant, while the quantity a for all the quads is caused to vary by 50 percent about a mean value, i.e. a 0.1 0.3m, corresponding to a variation of the separation of the points of reversal of the direction of twist of between 1.66 and 5 m.
  • a method of manufacturing a communication cable so as to minimize coupling between cable units making up a finished cable, in which a plurality of SZ- twisting devices each having intermediate accumulators which reverse the twist direction at intervals of T 1/2a are used to twist insulated conductors to a plurality of cable units such as pairs or quads which are then twisted to form a cable group or a finished cable comprising:
  • a method according to claim 1 wherein the step of operating is carried out so as to maintain the length of 11.8 10.1 (for V 7 lay constant in each individual cable unit but with one of different pulling off speeds. speeds of rotation and storage contents which differ from cable unit to cable unit so that the length lay S differs from cable unit to cable unit and wherein the step of continuously varying is carried out such that the same degree of variation occurs in all units.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
US341773A 1972-03-17 1973-03-15 Method of manufacturing a cable using SZ twisting devices Expired - Lifetime US3921381A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2213693A DE2213693C2 (de) 1972-03-17 1972-03-17 Verfahren zum Herstellen einer aus SZ verseiltex Verseileinheiten aufgebauten Verseilgruppe eines elektrischen Kabels

Publications (1)

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US3921381A true US3921381A (en) 1975-11-25

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US341773A Expired - Lifetime US3921381A (en) 1972-03-17 1973-03-15 Method of manufacturing a cable using SZ twisting devices

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US (1) US3921381A (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
JP (1) JPS496487A (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
AT (1) AT319364B (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
BE (1) BE796803A (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
CH (1) CH547540A (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
DE (1) DE2213693C2 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
FR (1) FR2176699B1 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
GB (1) GB1371311A (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
IT (1) IT972632B (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
NL (1) NL7217171A (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
SE (1) SE381362B (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3979897A (en) * 1974-01-25 1976-09-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for locating conductor breaks during the two stage twisting of a communications cable
US4006582A (en) * 1973-08-07 1977-02-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for reducing the electrical coupling in communicating cables
US4408443A (en) * 1981-11-05 1983-10-11 Western Electric Company, Inc. Telecommunications cable and method of making same
US4446689A (en) * 1981-02-02 1984-05-08 At&T Technologies, Inc. Telecommunication cables
US5092117A (en) * 1989-10-20 1992-03-03 Nokia-Maillefer Holding S.A. Method of and an apparatus for producing an optical multi-fiber cable element
US5606151A (en) * 1993-03-17 1997-02-25 Belden Wire & Cable Company Twisted parallel cable
US6222129B1 (en) 1993-03-17 2001-04-24 Belden Wire & Cable Company Twisted pair cable
US6563052B2 (en) * 2000-09-23 2003-05-13 Nexans Electric installation cable
US20050092514A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Robert Kenny Cable utilizing varying lay length mechanisms to minimize alien crosstalk
US6959533B2 (en) 2002-01-10 2005-11-01 International Business Machines Corporation Apparatus and method for producing twisted pair cables with reduced propagation delay and crosstalk
US7064277B1 (en) 2004-12-16 2006-06-20 General Cable Technology Corporation Reduced alien crosstalk electrical cable
US20060148306A1 (en) * 2002-05-29 2006-07-06 Kai Desinger High frequency application device
US7109424B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2006-09-19 Panduit Corp. Alien crosstalk suppression with enhanced patch cord
US7157644B2 (en) 2004-12-16 2007-01-02 General Cable Technology Corporation Reduced alien crosstalk electrical cable with filler element
US7214884B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2007-05-08 Adc Incorporated Cable with offset filler
US7238885B2 (en) 2004-12-16 2007-07-03 Panduit Corp. Reduced alien crosstalk electrical cable with filler element
US7317163B2 (en) 2004-12-16 2008-01-08 General Cable Technology Corp. Reduced alien crosstalk electrical cable with filler element
US7375284B2 (en) 2006-06-21 2008-05-20 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Multi-pair cable with varying lay length
CN102934176A (zh) * 2010-06-11 2013-02-13 奥林巴斯株式会社 复合电缆及复合电缆的制造方法
US20160027551A1 (en) * 2014-07-22 2016-01-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Assembled conductor and manufacturing method for assembled conductor
US20180075949A1 (en) * 2015-03-16 2018-03-15 Hitachi Cable America, Inc. Extended frequency range balanced twisted pair transmission line or communication cable
US9922751B2 (en) * 2016-04-01 2018-03-20 Intel Corporation Helically insulated twinax cable systems and methods
US20200090834A1 (en) * 2017-04-21 2020-03-19 Prysmian S.P.A. Method and armoured cable for transporting high voltage alternate current

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2726172C3 (de) * 1977-06-08 1980-02-14 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum SZ-Verseilen elektrischer Kabel
US4873393A (en) * 1988-03-21 1989-10-10 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Local area network cabling arrangement

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2128410A (en) * 1936-05-02 1938-08-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Multiconductor signaling cable
US2869316A (en) * 1957-03-12 1959-01-20 Plastic Wire & Cable Corp Twisted conductors and cables and method and apparatus for making the same
US2924930A (en) * 1957-07-19 1960-02-16 Western Electric Co Apparatus for making random unit lay cable
US2956102A (en) * 1957-03-12 1960-10-11 Plastic Wire & Cable Corp Twisted conductors and cables
US3017450A (en) * 1957-07-19 1962-01-16 Western Electric Co Cables
US3140577A (en) * 1962-03-27 1964-07-14 Int Standard Electric Corp Apparatus for manufacturing cables
US3491525A (en) * 1965-02-17 1970-01-27 Sumitomo Electric Industries Method for stranding in the manufacture of communication cables and stranding apparatus
US3507108A (en) * 1965-03-01 1970-04-21 Fujikura Ltd Method of producing s-z alternating twists and the apparatus therefor
US3664108A (en) * 1968-07-23 1972-05-23 Siemens Ag Intermediate storer for apparatus for stranding a twisted unit of a cable
US3715877A (en) * 1969-10-27 1973-02-13 Oki Electric Cable Communication cable

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1179592A (fr) * 1957-07-12 1959-05-26 Telecommunications Sa Procédé de fabrication de câbles de télécommunication à paires symétriques etcâbles fabriqués par ce procédé
FR1439840A (fr) * 1964-05-04 1966-05-27 Fabrications Et Perfectionnement à la fabrication des câbles téléphoniques
GB1122196A (en) * 1965-11-23 1968-07-31 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Method and apparatus for manufacturing telecommunication cables

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2128410A (en) * 1936-05-02 1938-08-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Multiconductor signaling cable
US2869316A (en) * 1957-03-12 1959-01-20 Plastic Wire & Cable Corp Twisted conductors and cables and method and apparatus for making the same
US2956102A (en) * 1957-03-12 1960-10-11 Plastic Wire & Cable Corp Twisted conductors and cables
US2924930A (en) * 1957-07-19 1960-02-16 Western Electric Co Apparatus for making random unit lay cable
US3017450A (en) * 1957-07-19 1962-01-16 Western Electric Co Cables
US3140577A (en) * 1962-03-27 1964-07-14 Int Standard Electric Corp Apparatus for manufacturing cables
US3491525A (en) * 1965-02-17 1970-01-27 Sumitomo Electric Industries Method for stranding in the manufacture of communication cables and stranding apparatus
US3507108A (en) * 1965-03-01 1970-04-21 Fujikura Ltd Method of producing s-z alternating twists and the apparatus therefor
US3664108A (en) * 1968-07-23 1972-05-23 Siemens Ag Intermediate storer for apparatus for stranding a twisted unit of a cable
US3715877A (en) * 1969-10-27 1973-02-13 Oki Electric Cable Communication cable

Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4006582A (en) * 1973-08-07 1977-02-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for reducing the electrical coupling in communicating cables
US3979897A (en) * 1974-01-25 1976-09-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for locating conductor breaks during the two stage twisting of a communications cable
US4446689A (en) * 1981-02-02 1984-05-08 At&T Technologies, Inc. Telecommunication cables
US4408443A (en) * 1981-11-05 1983-10-11 Western Electric Company, Inc. Telecommunications cable and method of making same
US5092117A (en) * 1989-10-20 1992-03-03 Nokia-Maillefer Holding S.A. Method of and an apparatus for producing an optical multi-fiber cable element
US5606151A (en) * 1993-03-17 1997-02-25 Belden Wire & Cable Company Twisted parallel cable
US5734126A (en) * 1993-03-17 1998-03-31 Belden Wire & Cable Company Twisted pair cable
US6222129B1 (en) 1993-03-17 2001-04-24 Belden Wire & Cable Company Twisted pair cable
US6563052B2 (en) * 2000-09-23 2003-05-13 Nexans Electric installation cable
US6959533B2 (en) 2002-01-10 2005-11-01 International Business Machines Corporation Apparatus and method for producing twisted pair cables with reduced propagation delay and crosstalk
US20060148306A1 (en) * 2002-05-29 2006-07-06 Kai Desinger High frequency application device
US9601239B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2017-03-21 Panduit Corp. Alien crosstalk suppression with enhanced patch cord
US7109424B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2006-09-19 Panduit Corp. Alien crosstalk suppression with enhanced patch cord
US7728228B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2010-06-01 Panduit Corp. Alien crosstalk suppression with enhanced patchcord
US7220919B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2007-05-22 Adc Incorporated Cable with offset filler
US7115815B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2006-10-03 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Cable utilizing varying lay length mechanisms to minimize alien crosstalk
US9142335B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2015-09-22 Tyco Electronics Services Gmbh Cable with offset filler
US7214884B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2007-05-08 Adc Incorporated Cable with offset filler
US7498518B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2009-03-03 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Cable with offset filler
US7220918B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2007-05-22 Adc Incorporated Cable with offset filler
US20050092514A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Robert Kenny Cable utilizing varying lay length mechanisms to minimize alien crosstalk
US8375694B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2013-02-19 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Cable with offset filler
US7875800B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2011-01-25 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Cable with offset filler
US7329815B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2008-02-12 Adc Incorporated Cable with offset filler
US20050279528A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-12-22 Adc Incorporated Cable utilizing varying lay length mechanisms to minimize alien crosstalk
US7238885B2 (en) 2004-12-16 2007-07-03 Panduit Corp. Reduced alien crosstalk electrical cable with filler element
US7157644B2 (en) 2004-12-16 2007-01-02 General Cable Technology Corporation Reduced alien crosstalk electrical cable with filler element
US7612289B2 (en) 2004-12-16 2009-11-03 General Cable Technology Corporation Reduced alien crosstalk electrical cable with filler element
US7317163B2 (en) 2004-12-16 2008-01-08 General Cable Technology Corp. Reduced alien crosstalk electrical cable with filler element
US7064277B1 (en) 2004-12-16 2006-06-20 General Cable Technology Corporation Reduced alien crosstalk electrical cable
US7317164B2 (en) 2004-12-16 2008-01-08 General Cable Technology Corp. Reduced alien crosstalk electrical cable with filler element
US7375284B2 (en) 2006-06-21 2008-05-20 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Multi-pair cable with varying lay length
US7550676B2 (en) 2006-06-21 2009-06-23 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Multi-pair cable with varying lay length
US20130098657A1 (en) * 2010-06-11 2013-04-25 Olympus Corporation Composite cable and method of manufacturing composite cable
US9336930B2 (en) * 2010-06-11 2016-05-10 Olympus Corporation Composite cable and method of manufacturing composite cable
CN102934176A (zh) * 2010-06-11 2013-02-13 奥林巴斯株式会社 复合电缆及复合电缆的制造方法
US20160027551A1 (en) * 2014-07-22 2016-01-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Assembled conductor and manufacturing method for assembled conductor
US20180075949A1 (en) * 2015-03-16 2018-03-15 Hitachi Cable America, Inc. Extended frequency range balanced twisted pair transmission line or communication cable
US9922751B2 (en) * 2016-04-01 2018-03-20 Intel Corporation Helically insulated twinax cable systems and methods
US20200090834A1 (en) * 2017-04-21 2020-03-19 Prysmian S.P.A. Method and armoured cable for transporting high voltage alternate current
US10839984B2 (en) * 2017-04-21 2020-11-17 Prysmian S.P.A. Method and armoured cable for transporting high voltage alternate current

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT972632B (it) 1974-05-31
AT319364B (de) 1974-12-27
FR2176699A1 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png) 1973-11-02
DE2213693C2 (de) 1973-12-06
GB1371311A (en) 1974-10-23
FR2176699B1 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png) 1978-12-08
CH547540A (de) 1974-03-29
BE796803A (fr) 1973-07-02
DE2213693B1 (de) 1973-05-10
DE2213693A1 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png) 1973-05-10
NL7217171A (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png) 1973-09-19
SE381362B (sv) 1975-12-01
JPS496487A (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png) 1974-01-21

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