US3919846A - Turbine by-pass arrangement for thermal power plants - Google Patents

Turbine by-pass arrangement for thermal power plants Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3919846A
US3919846A US425843A US42584373A US3919846A US 3919846 A US3919846 A US 3919846A US 425843 A US425843 A US 425843A US 42584373 A US42584373 A US 42584373A US 3919846 A US3919846 A US 3919846A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
steam
turbine
pass arrangement
coupling sleeve
passed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US425843A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Francois Lecocq
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri France SA filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3919846A publication Critical patent/US3919846A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F01K9/04—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines with dump valves to by-pass stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
    • G21D1/02—Arrangements of auxiliary equipment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A turbine by-pass arrangement for use in thermal Forelgn Appllcatloil y Data power plants serves to by-pass a portion of the steam Jan. 2, 1973 France 73.00039 delivered y t st am gen rat r around th tur in and discharge it into the coupling sleeve located be- [52] US. Cl. 60/657; 60/690; 60/693 een the urbine outlet and the condenser inlet. The [51] Int. Cl.
  • F01k 17/04; FOlk 9/00 by-p sed steam is divided into two parts, one of [58] Field of Search 60/653, 657, 685, 690, which is de-compressed as well as de-superheated 60/64, 65 while the other part is merely de-compressed.
  • the two parts are admitted into the coupling sleeve in such [56] References Cited manner that each constitutes a screen with respect to UNITED STATES PATENTS the other as regards protection for the turbine and 1,080,734 12/1913 Thomson v. 60/657 Condenser Components of the mstallatlon' 2.811837 1 H1957 Eggenberger 60/657 X 9 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure US. Patent Nov.
  • the present invention relates to an improvement in a steam-turbine by-pass arrangement between the steam generator and condenser in a thermal power plant.
  • steam-turbine thermal power plants provide a by-pass arrangement so as to directly connect the steam generator to the condenser, so that excess steam, upon disconnection of the network supplied by the turbo-alternator group, or upon any sudden decrease in load, also upon starting the turbo-alternator group and its rise in output, will be directed toward the condenser.
  • the flow rate being applied directly to the condenser through the by-pass may therefore vary within fairly wide limits.
  • the flow rate allowed in the by-pass pipes under consideration is selected as a function of the admissible amounts which may be expelled into the atmosphere through the safety valves of the steam generator.
  • the difficulty of the problem is compounded because on one hand the by-pass pipes may be constantly in use for a long time prior to starting the turbo-altemator group and on the other hand, when there is disconnection, the inertia of a steam generator used in nuclear power plants is much larger than that of a fossile fuel generator.
  • an enclosure with a pressure corresponding to a sufficiently low temperature, for instance 80C, must be available, which, in view of its bulk and the difficulties in joining large ducts, must be placed within the condenser.
  • the desuperheated steam inlets will appropriately be of large cross-sections so that the entrance speed in the condenser will be low enough to avoid any danger of erosion on the part of the water drops.
  • the present invention is directed to achieving simultaneously good de-superheating at low pressure and a reduction to a tolerable value with respect to the condenser tubes of the stopping pressure of the jets bringing the de-superheated steam toward the condenser cluster.
  • the present invention proposes a division of the by-pass steam arriving above the condenser tube cluster into two parts: one part of the flow is properly decompressed and de-superheated and, following water separation, the temperature-lowered steam will be de-compressed again in stages and introduced, on the turbine-side, into the coupling sleeve between the low-pressure turbine and the condenser; a second part of the flow is de-compressed in stages but not de-superheated and this part will be applied to the condensation region at a higher pressure, but lacking water drops, it may be admitted into the coupling sleeve between turbine and condenser on the side of the latter, above the tube cluster and below the first flow or flux.
  • the de-superheated steam constitutes on one hand a thermal screen protecting the turbine from the nondesuperheated steam
  • the nondesuperheated steam to which has been admixed the de-superheated steam following elimination of the large water drops, constitutes a kind of screen protecting the condenser tubes from those water drops.
  • the ratio of the flow rates of these two parts of the flux may be suitably selected to obtain a minimum cost of the set of the two pressure reducer-desuperheaters and pressure reducer, the latter being of much lesser bulk for the same output.
  • the above relates especially to a nuclear power plant, but it applies equally well to a fossil fuel station of which the operational cycle requires frequent use of the by-pass pipes.
  • the low-pressure part 1 of the turbine is coupled by flexible seal 2 to the sleeve of the condenser 5 which comprises an upper region 3 at the side of the turbine and a lower region 4 at the condenser side schematically bounded by the dot-dash lines; condenser 5 comprises cooling boxes 6 and 7, the tube cluster 8 and well 9, of which the outlet orifice toward the evacuation pump of known design is not shown.
  • the desuperheated and initially decompressed steam then penetrates enclosure 17 in the upper region 3 of the condenser sleeve adjacent the turbine discharge outlet, where water separator 18 is located, which is of known design.
  • Entry into enclosure 17 may be achieved through a perforated plate 19 (or any other suitable device) allowing the excess water to atomize.
  • Pressure reduction staging is achieved in that steam passage from separator 18 to the upper region 3 of coupling sleeve occurs through large orifices such as 20, 21 and through intermediary cases such as 22 where the steam experiences a series of pressure reductions of which the number is determined by the overall geometry of the enclosures of the apparatus.
  • the pressure in region 3 of the sleeve and for steam by-passing will have been sufficiently lowered so that there will be no danger of eroding the condenser tubes, and the corresponding low- 3 cred temperature will pose no danger to either the lowpressure part of the turbine or to the flexible joint between turbine and sleeving.
  • the separated water will drain through a suitably arranged pipe system 27 in the condenser.
  • a thermal power plant including a steam generator supplying steam to a turbine and wherein steam exhausted from the turbine is passed through a coupling sleeve connecting the turbine outlet with the inlet of a condenser and thence returned as condensate to the steam generator, the improvement which comprises means for by-passing steam around the turbine in two parts, means for decompressing and also desuperheating one such part of the by-passed steam, means for decompressing but not desuperheating the other such part of the by-passed steam, means for introducing the decompressed and desuperheated part of the steam into said coupling sleeve at the turbine outlet side thereof and means for introducing the decompressed and non-desuperheated part of the steam into said coupling sleeve at the condenser side thereof whereby the desuperheated part of the steam protects the turbine against the nondesuperheated steam part and the nondesuperheated steam part protects the condenser against any water droplets which may escape into the coup
  • a steam turbine by-pass arrangement as defined in claim 1 wherein said means for decompressing and desuperheating one part of the by-passed steam includes a valve, a divergent pipe, a water injector, a water separator and a succession of decompressing means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
US425843A 1973-01-02 1973-12-18 Turbine by-pass arrangement for thermal power plants Expired - Lifetime US3919846A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7300039A FR2212853A5 (it) 1973-01-02 1973-01-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3919846A true US3919846A (en) 1975-11-18

Family

ID=9112829

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US425843A Expired - Lifetime US3919846A (en) 1973-01-02 1973-12-18 Turbine by-pass arrangement for thermal power plants

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3919846A (it)
BE (1) BE807921A (it)
BR (1) BR7310188D0 (it)
CA (1) CA988310A (it)
FR (1) FR2212853A5 (it)
GB (1) GB1419604A (it)
IT (1) IT1002133B (it)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4016927A (en) * 1976-03-12 1977-04-12 Ingersoll-Rand Company Condenser contamination removal arrangement
US4253308A (en) * 1979-06-08 1981-03-03 General Electric Company Turbine control system for sliding or constant pressure boilers
US4309873A (en) * 1979-12-19 1982-01-12 General Electric Company Method and flow system for the control of turbine temperatures during bypass operation
US4357803A (en) * 1980-09-05 1982-11-09 General Electric Company Control system for bypass steam turbines
US4372125A (en) * 1980-12-22 1983-02-08 General Electric Company Turbine bypass desuperheater control system
US4530212A (en) * 1982-11-02 1985-07-23 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Turbine condenser with at least one bypass steam inlet leading into the steam dome

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1080734A (en) * 1908-03-02 1913-12-09 Gen Electric Condensing apparatus.
US2811837A (en) * 1956-08-24 1957-11-05 Gen Electric Governing system for reheat turbine
US3364125A (en) * 1965-02-16 1968-01-16 Gilbert Associates Waste heat flash evaporator in ion pressure turbine condenser system
US3750395A (en) * 1971-10-22 1973-08-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Overspeed protection system for a turbo-generator unit

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1080734A (en) * 1908-03-02 1913-12-09 Gen Electric Condensing apparatus.
US2811837A (en) * 1956-08-24 1957-11-05 Gen Electric Governing system for reheat turbine
US3364125A (en) * 1965-02-16 1968-01-16 Gilbert Associates Waste heat flash evaporator in ion pressure turbine condenser system
US3750395A (en) * 1971-10-22 1973-08-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Overspeed protection system for a turbo-generator unit

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4016927A (en) * 1976-03-12 1977-04-12 Ingersoll-Rand Company Condenser contamination removal arrangement
US4253308A (en) * 1979-06-08 1981-03-03 General Electric Company Turbine control system for sliding or constant pressure boilers
US4309873A (en) * 1979-12-19 1982-01-12 General Electric Company Method and flow system for the control of turbine temperatures during bypass operation
US4357803A (en) * 1980-09-05 1982-11-09 General Electric Company Control system for bypass steam turbines
US4372125A (en) * 1980-12-22 1983-02-08 General Electric Company Turbine bypass desuperheater control system
US4530212A (en) * 1982-11-02 1985-07-23 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Turbine condenser with at least one bypass steam inlet leading into the steam dome

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2212853A5 (it) 1974-07-26
IT1002133B (it) 1976-05-20
BR7310188D0 (pt) 1974-08-29
GB1419604A (en) 1975-12-31
BE807921A (fr) 1974-03-15
CA988310A (en) 1976-05-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6497102B2 (en) Method for supplementing a saturated steam generation system having at least one steam turbine set, and steam power plant supplemented using the method
KR100341646B1 (ko) 가스터어빈그룹의열적부하를받는구성품의냉각방법
US5793831A (en) Method and apparatus for improving the performance of a steam driven power system by steam mixing
KR940018543A (ko) 연소 및 증기 터빈 복합 발전소
EP1866521B1 (de) Verfahren zum starten einer gas- und dampfturbinenanlage
US5457721A (en) Method and apparatus for improving the performance of a nuclear power electrical generation system
US5850739A (en) Steam turbine power plant and method of operating same
JPH06229209A (ja) ガス・蒸気タービン複合設備およびその運転方法
EP2592241A1 (de) Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Gas- und Dampfturbinenanlage für die Frequenzstützung
US3919846A (en) Turbine by-pass arrangement for thermal power plants
KR20130139326A (ko) 화력 발전소 설비에서 가열 증기 추기 설비의 개조
CN1201073C (zh) 提高气体压力的方法和设备
US11802689B2 (en) Commissioning power plants
US6460325B2 (en) Method of converting a system generating saturated steam, having at least one steam turbine group, and power station converted in accordance with the method
DE19724460A1 (de) Gasentspannungsturbine für kleine Leistungen
EP1666699B1 (en) Combined cycle power plant with gas and steam turbo groups
US3826093A (en) Reheat vapor generator
DE19648642B4 (de) Reinigung des Wasser-Dampfkreislaufs in einem Zwangsdurchlaufdampferzeuger
DE19846458C1 (de) Verfahren zum Wiederanfahren einer Gas- und Dampfturbinenanlage
EP4045772A1 (de) Kesselspülen
SU1067228A1 (ru) Паротурбинна установка
DE10117101A1 (de) Verfahren zur Stillstandhaltung eines Kombikraftwerkes
SU407066A1 (ru) Парогазовая установка
DE4101064A1 (de) Verfahren zum betreiben eines kraftwerkes
JPS56129707A (en) Controlling device for cooling of bypass steam in steam turbine