US3918262A - Hot exhaust gas recirculating system for a stirling engine - Google Patents

Hot exhaust gas recirculating system for a stirling engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3918262A
US3918262A US503589A US50358974A US3918262A US 3918262 A US3918262 A US 3918262A US 503589 A US503589 A US 503589A US 50358974 A US50358974 A US 50358974A US 3918262 A US3918262 A US 3918262A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
blower
outlet
air
exhaust gases
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US503589A
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English (en)
Inventor
Norman D Postma
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Motor Co
Original Assignee
Ford Motor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Motor Co filed Critical Ford Motor Co
Priority to US503589A priority Critical patent/US3918262A/en
Priority to AU81556/75A priority patent/AU490302B2/en
Priority to GB23120/75A priority patent/GB1480163A/en
Priority to MX100003U priority patent/MX3156E/es
Priority to CA230,381A priority patent/CA1022755A/en
Priority to FR7520893A priority patent/FR2284032A1/fr
Priority to SE7507936A priority patent/SE7507936L/
Priority to DE19752538245 priority patent/DE2538245A1/de
Priority to JP50105675A priority patent/JPS5151645A/ja
Priority to ES440735A priority patent/ES440735A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3918262A publication Critical patent/US3918262A/en
Priority to JP1979129869U priority patent/JPS5544096U/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/055—Heaters or coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2244/00—Machines having two pistons
    • F02G2244/50—Double acting piston machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2258/00—Materials used
    • F02G2258/10—Materials used ceramic

Definitions

  • Another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus which is effective to recirculatespent exhaust gases from the heat source circuit of a Stirling type engine, utilizing the high exit velocities of the blower of the induction system to aspirate and mix low pressure high temperature exhaust gases with the high pressure lower temperature inducted air.
  • Yet still another object of this invention is to provide an anti-pollution device for a Stirling type engine which is simultaneously effective to lower the cost of construction of the engine while at the same time providing a low cost solution to exhaust gas recirculation control utilizing a simple shroud and nozzle arrangement.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective and exploded view of a Stirling type engine illustrating the induction system and the general placement of the elements of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a slightly enlarged elevational schematic view of that shown in FIG. 1, showing that portion of the induction system broken away to illustrate a nozzle and shroud assembly for aspirating exhaust gases into the inducted air exiting from the air blower.
  • a preferred mode of a Stirling type engine within which the environment for this improvement is adapted comprises an open heat source circuit A, a closed working gas system B, a mechanical 'drive C and an aspirator means D which forms a principal part of this invention.
  • the open heat source system A is arranged to induct ambient air by way of a centrifugal blower 10 which is driven by suitable power take-off mechanism 11 connected to the mechanical drive C.
  • the blower raises the pressure of the inducted air, and forces such air along a stream 12 passing through an induction passage 13 leading to the combustion zone or portion 14.
  • the combustion zone preferably comprises a cylindrical chamber having a plurality opening 14a therein for admitting the pressurized inducted air; fuel is injected into said combustion chamber by way of a nozzle 16 drawing fuel by pump 50 from a reservoir 17.
  • a fuel/air control 51 operates in conjunction with an inlet valve 52 to vary combustion.
  • Gases are combusted in zone 14 and travel about the exterior of tubing containing a part of the closed working gas system B, the gases enter a sector of the ceramic preheater wheel 18 which slowly rotates to expose said heated sector to the incoming air in passage 13. After passing through the sector of the preheater wheel 18, the exhaust gases pass outwardly through exhaust tube 19 and then eventually through terminal exhaust passages 20.
  • the closed working gas system B may typically comprise a hot working space and a low temperature working space interconnected by a labyrinth of tubes, such as the heater tubes 22, which are effective to convey a high pressurized gas (such as hydrogen) reciprocally through a heat accumulator or heat regenerator interposed therein.
  • a high pressurized gas such as hydrogen
  • the critical portion of the closed working gas sytem B which is related directly to the open heat source system A, is that portion of the interconnecting tubes which lay to one side of the regetlerators and are typically called heater tubes.
  • such interconnecting tubes connect the space disposed to one side of an operating piston in a first cylinder, to the space disposed to an opposite side of an operation piston in a second cylinder. In this fashion, several cylinders of the engine are cascaded. Heat is absorbed through walls of these interconnecting tubes and transferred to the closed working gas reciprocated therethrough.
  • the mechanical drive C for a Stirling type engine may typically be of the swash-plate type useful with a doubleacting type engine, whereby each of the connecting rods from the several cylinders of the engines are arranged to impart a working pulse to the swash plate at points indexed from the adjacent connecting rod.
  • the drive plate is thereby rotated sinously to provide a smooth drive to a driven shaft 21.
  • exhaust gas recirculation is typically utilized which comprises a passage 25 interconnecting an opening in the exhaust tube 19 with an opening in the induction passage 13.
  • the aspirator means D of this invention particularly useful in the sequestration of the exhaust gases for recirculation comprises a nozzle 46 and a shroud 30.
  • the nozzle is disposed at the outlet opening 27 of the blower 10 and has a configuration effective to force the pressurized outlet air to form a jet 28 directed along the streamline 29.
  • the shroud 30 is defined about the nozzle and is spaced radially from the nozzle outlet 46a; the shroud has opening 30a to receive the exhaust gas recirculation passage 25.
  • a low pressure zone or suction is created outside and downstream of the nozzle outlet (46a) as a result of the nozzle restriction producing fast flowing air exiting from the nozzle.
  • This low pressure zone draws the relatively higher pressure and higher temperature exhaust gases into the shroud for mixing with the stream 12 and follow along streamline 29.
  • the high temperature exhaust gases are introduced to the relatively cool inducted air at a point which will not damage the working elements of the blower 10.
  • An exemplary temperature condition for the heat source system, utilizing exhaust gas recirculation, would have a temperature of about 648F existing at the point where the exhaust gases enter passage 25, such temperature being maintained up to the shroud. Such temperature would be for a mass flow of approximately 2,405 lbs. per hour when the engine is operating at approximately 4,000 r.p.m. When the engine is operating at part throttle, such as 1,131 r.p.m. (30 miles per hour), the maximum flow would be approximately 153 lbs. per hour and the temperature would drop to about 325F at such a point. At idle or 600 r.p.m., the mass flow would be about 1 18 lbs. per hour with the temperature at approximately 338F. In all these conditions, the temperature of the exhaust gas is high enough so that for sustained periods of time it would have a detrimental effect upon contacted blower parts; this is particularly true when nonmetallic blower components are utilized for reducing the weight of such blower assembly.
  • exhaust gas recirculation would be typically introduced upstream from the blower.
  • the regenerator or preheating wheel would be typically sized to transfer a certain quantum of heat from the high temperature exhaust gases to the incoming air taking into account the specific location of EGR. It has been found that by locating the EGR passage downstream from the blower and utilizing the jet concept herein, for proving adequate mixing of the two differential temperature gas mediums, the sizing of the preheater wheel can be reduced.
  • the inlet and outlet temperatures for the regenerative wheel at the sector where heat is introduced to the wheel is approximately l,820F and approximately 648F when exiting from such wheel; this is for a mass flow of 2,405 lbs.
  • the rate of heat input and extraction from the wheel can be maintained with a smaller wheel mass. This is understandable in view of the fact that a lesser amount of the heat content is absorbed by surrounding parts, such as the blower and passages upstream from the nozzle. As a result, the mass size of the preheater wheel may be reduced as much as one-fifth or one-sixth and still accomplish the same heat transfer goals as that of the prior art.
  • variable speed blower means in said circuit having an outlet, said blower means being effective to draw ambient air along a streamline into said induction portion
  • connection means having an aspirator, said means providing a joint between said recirculating passage, induction portion, and blower outlet, said aspirator being located at the immediate outlet of said blower to maximize flow velocity and provide a variable pressure differential between the pressurized low temperature blown air and the high temperature low pressure exhaust gases, said differential being varied in direct response to the outlet velocity of said blower means.
  • said aspirator means comprises a nozzle disposed about the outlet of said blower to create a jet of blown air and a low pressure zone surrounding said jet of blown air.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Electric Suction Cleaners (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
US503589A 1974-09-05 1974-09-05 Hot exhaust gas recirculating system for a stirling engine Expired - Lifetime US3918262A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US503589A US3918262A (en) 1974-09-05 1974-09-05 Hot exhaust gas recirculating system for a stirling engine
AU81556/75A AU490302B2 (en) 1974-09-05 1975-05-27 Ibot exhaust gas recirculating system fora stirling engine
GB23120/75A GB1480163A (en) 1974-09-05 1975-05-27 Hot exhaust gas recirculating system for a stirling engin
MX100003U MX3156E (es) 1974-09-05 1975-06-12 Mejoras en sistema de recirculacion de gas de descarga caliente para motor stirling
CA230,381A CA1022755A (en) 1974-09-05 1975-06-27 Hot exhaust gas recirculating system for a stirling engine
FR7520893A FR2284032A1 (fr) 1974-09-05 1975-07-03 Moteur stirling pourvu d'un dispositif de recirculation des gaz d'echappement
SE7507936A SE7507936L (sv) 1974-09-05 1975-07-10 Stirlingmotor
DE19752538245 DE2538245A1 (de) 1974-09-05 1975-08-28 Abgasrueckfuehrsystem fuer stirling motoren
JP50105675A JPS5151645A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-09-05 1975-09-02
ES440735A ES440735A1 (es) 1974-09-05 1975-09-04 Mejoras introducidas en un motor tipo stirling.
JP1979129869U JPS5544096U (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-09-05 1979-09-19

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US503589A US3918262A (en) 1974-09-05 1974-09-05 Hot exhaust gas recirculating system for a stirling engine

Publications (1)

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US3918262A true US3918262A (en) 1975-11-11

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US503589A Expired - Lifetime US3918262A (en) 1974-09-05 1974-09-05 Hot exhaust gas recirculating system for a stirling engine

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US3918262A (enrdf_load_html_response)
JP (2) JPS5151645A (enrdf_load_html_response)
CA (1) CA1022755A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE2538245A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
ES (1) ES440735A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2284032A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1480163A (enrdf_load_html_response)
MX (1) MX3156E (enrdf_load_html_response)
SE (1) SE7507936L (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4041698A (en) * 1975-06-03 1977-08-16 Kommanditbolaget United Stirling (Sweden) Ab & Co. External combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation of constant mass flow rate
US4277942A (en) * 1979-02-28 1981-07-14 Kommanditbolaget United Stirling Exhaust gas recirculation apparatus
US20090155102A1 (en) * 2007-12-12 2009-06-18 Hyundai Motor Company Integrated hydrogen recirculation blower for fuel cell vehicle
US8683984B2 (en) 2010-05-12 2014-04-01 Christian Daublebsky von Eichhain Thermocompression motor
US20150369126A1 (en) * 2014-06-18 2015-12-24 Alstom Technology Ltd Method for recirculation of exhaust gas from a combustion chamber of a combustor of a gas turbine and gas turbine for doncuting said method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10118546A1 (de) * 2001-04-14 2002-10-24 Solo Kleinmotoren Gmbh Wärmeerzeuger für einen Stirlingmotor

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2986882A (en) * 1955-06-27 1961-06-06 Vladimir H Pavlecka Sub-atmospheric gas turbine circuits
US3456438A (en) * 1966-10-04 1969-07-22 Philips Corp Thermodynamic engine

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5038215B2 (enrdf_load_html_response) * 1971-07-29 1975-12-08

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2986882A (en) * 1955-06-27 1961-06-06 Vladimir H Pavlecka Sub-atmospheric gas turbine circuits
US3456438A (en) * 1966-10-04 1969-07-22 Philips Corp Thermodynamic engine

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4041698A (en) * 1975-06-03 1977-08-16 Kommanditbolaget United Stirling (Sweden) Ab & Co. External combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation of constant mass flow rate
US4277942A (en) * 1979-02-28 1981-07-14 Kommanditbolaget United Stirling Exhaust gas recirculation apparatus
US20090155102A1 (en) * 2007-12-12 2009-06-18 Hyundai Motor Company Integrated hydrogen recirculation blower for fuel cell vehicle
US8113791B2 (en) * 2007-12-12 2012-02-14 Hyundai Motor Company Integrated hydrogen recirculation blower for fuel cell vehicle
US8683984B2 (en) 2010-05-12 2014-04-01 Christian Daublebsky von Eichhain Thermocompression motor
US20150369126A1 (en) * 2014-06-18 2015-12-24 Alstom Technology Ltd Method for recirculation of exhaust gas from a combustion chamber of a combustor of a gas turbine and gas turbine for doncuting said method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2284032A1 (fr) 1976-04-02
JPS5544096U (enrdf_load_html_response) 1980-03-22
AU8155675A (en) 1976-12-02
DE2538245A1 (de) 1976-03-18
JPS5151645A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1976-05-07
ES440735A1 (es) 1977-07-01
CA1022755A (en) 1977-12-20
FR2284032B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1981-12-18
MX3156E (es) 1980-05-16
SE7507936L (sv) 1976-03-08
GB1480163A (en) 1977-07-20

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