US3916137A - Multi-mode microwave cavity feed system - Google Patents

Multi-mode microwave cavity feed system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3916137A
US3916137A US471449A US47144974A US3916137A US 3916137 A US3916137 A US 3916137A US 471449 A US471449 A US 471449A US 47144974 A US47144974 A US 47144974A US 3916137 A US3916137 A US 3916137A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cavity
waveguide
extension
electromagnetic energy
wall
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US471449A
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English (en)
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Peter D Jurgensen
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Gerling Moore Inc
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Gerling Moore Inc
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Priority to US471449A priority Critical patent/US3916137A/en
Priority to JP50022526A priority patent/JPS50153846A/ja
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/78—Arrangements for continuous movement of material

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A feed port arrangement for a multi-mode cavity is described.
  • Such arrangement includes a plurality of waveguide extensions which project into the interior of the cavity.
  • Each of such extensions includes an elbow within the interior of the cavity which angles an end stub on the extension obliquely with respect to the portion of such extension extending through the cavity wall.
  • Each of the feed ports further includes an adjustable impedance matching iris at the free end of the waveguide extension for coupling energy from the extension into the multi-mode cavity.
  • the present invention relates to an applicator for treating a product with electromagnetic energy and, more particularly, to a multi-mode cavity having an ennergy feed port arrangement especially adapted to excite the cavity with a plurality of randomly selected different standing wave patterns.
  • Multi-mode microwave cavities are now commonly used to heat or otherwise treat a dielectric material, particularly when it is important that thermal energy be delivered to the interior of the material without such necessarily having to be conducted inwardly from the surface of such material.
  • multi-mode microwave cavities are used to both foam and vulcanize rubber and synthetic rubber products during the manufacture of such products.
  • the treating be uniform. That is, it is important that all parts of the material or product being treated receive generally the same amount of microwave energy.
  • the problem with this type of applicator is that the field strength within the cavity is generally not uniform throughout the cavity since standing waves represent both space and time variations in such field strength. To overcome this, it has generally been the practice to attempt to excite the cavity with a plurality of different standing wave patterns to smooth out the time-average electrical field strength throughout the cavity.
  • mode stirrers do increase uniformity sufficiently for many purposes, they have several disadvantages. For one, it will be recognized that a rotating mode stirrer will not allow, as a practical matter, control of the various modes which are excited. Rather, it relies more or less on a continually changing, random generation of modes to obtain the plurality of modes. The result is that it is not unusual for positions of inordinately high or low electrical field strengths to develop at various times and places within the cavity, resulting in overtreating or undertreating of material. Also, mode stirrers are relatively costly, and there is often a problem of radiation leakage at the bearing where the shaft of the mode stirrer enters the cavity.
  • the present invention is an electromagnetic energy applicator which includes a feed port arrangement for a multi-mode cavity that provides a desired plurality of modes within such cavity without the necessity of a mode stirrer.
  • the applicator includes a source of electromagnetic energy and a waveguide for conveying energy from the same to a multimode cavity. It also has at least one feed port connected with the waveguide for introducing the electromagnetic energy into the cavity.
  • the feed port includes a waveguide extension which projects obliquely into the interior of the cavity for directing energy emanating therefrom angularly toward a stationary reflecting surface.
  • the energy reflected from the surface into the cavity will set up a plurality of standing wave modes within the cavity. Because the reflecting surface is stationary, the modes excited within the cavity will tend to be the same, rather than continually changing ones as would be the case if the reflecting surface was continually changing its angle with respect to impinging radiation as is the case with mode stirrers.
  • the waveguide which conveys electromagnetic energy from the source to the feed port is twistable in the direction of wave propagation therethrough, and the waveguide extension of the feed port is mounted on the wall of the cavity for rotation in a plane transverse to such direction at the wall so that the angular orientation of the same with respect to the reflecting surface can be adjusted.
  • the rotatable mounting is also usable for such purposes.
  • an impedance matching iris is provided on the free end of the waveguide extension to provide coupling of energy therefrom into the cavity.
  • the position of the iris is adjustable in a plane transverse to the direction of propagation of the radiation for changing the impedance match to that at which the iris provides optimum coupling between the waveguide extension and the cavity.
  • a plurality of such feed ports are preferably provided, spacially distributed along at least one wall of the cavity.
  • Each of such feed ports includes a waveguide extension as previously described, as well as an adjustable iris on its free end.
  • cross talk i.e., power reflected into one feed port from another feed port
  • FIG. 1 is an overall isometric view with portions broken away of a multi-mode cavity applicator incorporating the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial and broken away plan view of the applicator of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged elevational view of the multimode cavity of the applicator of FIG. 1, having a wall portion thereof broken away to illustrate in more detail the feed port arrangement of the instant invention
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a feed port of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view looking from the plane indicated by the lines 5'--5 in FIG. 4 of the free end of the extension of the feed port illustrating an impedance matching iris thereon;
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view of another feed port of the invention.
  • a microwave applicator incorporating the invention is generally referred to by the reference number 11.
  • Such applicator includes a rectangular, multi-mode standing wave cavity 12 which is dimensioned relative to the frequency of the energy to be introduced therein to support a plurality of modes of such energy.
  • Product to be treated with the microwave energy enters the cavity through an end wall 13 thereof (FIG. 3), transported therethrough on a roller conveyor system 14, and then exits from the cavity through end wall 15.
  • the particular applicator illustrated in the drawings is designed for foaming and vulcanizing rubber hose parts and, in this connection, includes entrance waveguides beyond-cutoff 16 defining an opening at wall 13 through which the product can enter into the cavity. Similarly, waveguides beyond-cutoff 17 are provided at end wall to allow the product to leave the interior of the cavity.
  • the roller product transport system defines a roller surface for the product extending between the entrance and exit waveguides beyondcutoff.
  • Such product transport system is most desirably the one described and claimed in patent application Ser. No. 473,335 flied May 28, I974 contemporaneously herewith and assigned to the same assignee as this application. The disclosure of such application is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • Means are provided for generating electromagnetic energyto be introduced into the cavity.
  • the energy is introduced into the cavity at six positions distributed spacially about the top wall 18 of the cavity, and a magnetron power pack 19 is provided for each of such locations.
  • the power packs cumulatively provide, in effect, a source of electromagnetic energy for the cavity.
  • Each of the power packs 19 is connected with a feed port arrangement, generally referred to by the reference numeral 21, for introducing microwave energy into the cavity.
  • a feed port arrangement generally referred to by the reference numeral 21, for introducing microwave energy into the cavity.
  • Such connection is provided via a waveguide 22 which includes a vertical section 23 (only one of which is shown in detail) joined to a flexible waveguide section 24 projecting downward toward the cavity.
  • each waveguide section 24 is connected with an associated feed port 21 for introducing microwave energy into the cavity at the location of the feed port. That is, the flexible waveguide section 24 is communicably connected to one arm of a three-arm circulator 27 which is part of the feed port arrangement.
  • the circulator has a dummy load in its branch arm so that it acts, in effect, as a load isolator.
  • the lower arm 28 of the circulator is connected via a flange 29 with a waveguide extension referred to generally by the reference numeral 31.
  • the waveguide extension 31 projects obliquely into the interior of the cavity. That is, the waveguide extension 31 includes a first section 32 projecting downward from the flange 29 and passing through an aperture 30 in the top wall of the cavity into the cavity interior.
  • the extension 31 is angled obliquely within the cavity toward a side wall of such cavity. That is, the section 32 terminates within the cavity in a 45 elbow 33 having an end section 34 thereon. Because of such, microwave energy propagating downwardly in the waveguide extension will be angled obliquely by an angle of 45.
  • An impedance matching iris is provided on the free end of each of the waveguide extensions 31 for coupling electromagnetic energy from such extension into the multi-mode cavity.
  • a cylindrical plate 36 is secured via bolts 37 passing through slots 38, for example, to an annular flange 39 rigidly secured to the free end of the waveguide section 34.
  • the plate 36 includes a transmission slot 40 which communicates the waveguide with the interior of the cavity.
  • the slot 40 is oriented optimumly to the direction of the electric field vector through said waveguide to optimize the coupling of energy from the waveguide into the cavity.
  • the bolts 37 securing the plate 36 to the flange 39 are spaced equally from one another circumferentially of the plate so that registration of the slots 38 in the plate with bores threaded in the flange can be made with the transmission slot at different angles of orientations with respect to the waveguide section 34.
  • the orientation of the iris transverse to the direction of waveguide extension is adjustable. As will be discussed below, this adjustability enables each of the feed ports to be adjusted as necessary to provide efficient coupling of energy into the cavity.
  • each of the waveguide extensions is mounted on the top wall of the cavity for rotation thereto in a plane transverse to the direction of wave propagation through the portion of the extension which extends through the cavity wall. More particularly, as is best illustrated in FIG. 4, the waveguide extension includes an annular mounting flange 41 rigidly secured thereto which mates with a corresponding annular mounting flange 42 rigidly secured to the top wall 18 is the cavity via bolts 43 or the like. As is illustrated, the flanges 41 and 42 are clamped together with a conventional clamp ring 44.
  • Loosening of the clamp ring will allow the flange 41 and, hence, the waveguide extension of which it is a part, to be rotated as indicated by arrows 46 about an axis represented by the center line 47 relative to the flange 42.
  • the center line 47 extends in the direction of wave propagation through the waveguide section 32 and thus the rotation is transverse to such direction. Tightening of the ring clamp 42 will frictionally engage the mounting flange 41 to the flange 42 and this maintain the waveguide extension at a desired orientation.
  • the flexible waveguide 24 is one which is also twistable along the direction of wave propagation therein.
  • the waveguide will therefore enable differing orientations of the end of feed waveguide section 23 and the entrance into the isolator 27 to be acheived.
  • the isolator is secured to the waveguide extension via flange 29 for rotation therewith.
  • the waveguide extensions are mounted for rotation relative to the top wall, the direction in which energy enamating therefrom toward another wall can be changed. That is, because of the angular relationship between the waveguide end section 34 and the waveguide section 32 of each waveguide extension, rotation of the extension about the axis 47 will change the direction at which the end section 34 points at the side walls of the cavity.
  • the modes generated within the cavity can be controlled by appropriately setting each of the waveguide extensions relative to a reflecting side wall.
  • the waveguide extension 31 is a so-called H-plane waveguide extension. That is, the elbow 33 angles the extension away from or out of the plane of the narrow walls 51 of the section 32. As shown, the broad walls 52 of the full waveguide extension remain in the same plane. In the modes of exitation of the waveguide extension, it is the H field vector which remains in the same plane with the construction even though the direction of propagation of the energy is changed.
  • the waveguide extensions be H-plane extensions as dipicted in FIG. 4, and several others be E-plane extensions.
  • An E-plane extension is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the elbow 33' connects the waveguide section 32 and the end section 34 of such extension in an oblique relationship which is rotated 90 with respect to the oblique relationship shown in FIG. 4. That is, it is the narrow walls 51 of the end section 34 and section 32 which remain in the same plane, and the extension is angled out of the plane of the broadwalls of the section 32.
  • the elbow 33 is the only part of the E"-plane extension shown in FIG. 6 which differs from theextension shown in FIG. 4.
  • a desired electric field strength uniformity in the cavity 12 is obtained by rotating the various waveguide extensions relative to the side walls and to one another. Most simply, the field strength uniformity for differing settings is determined emperically.
  • the rotational position of the waveguide extensions 31 should also be adjusted relative to one another to reduce cross talk, i.e., the reflection of power from one of the waveguide extensions into another.
  • the iris on each of the waveguide extensions is adjusted to provide most efficient coupling of the energy from the particular waveguide into the cavity.
  • feed port arrangements which include rotatable waveguide extensions angled obliquely within a standing-wave cavity are useful for purposes besides providing uniform field strength within a cavity.
  • such an arrangement can be used to direct traveling wave electromag netic energy within a standing wave cavity onto a particular product or portion thereof which is to receive an added degree of microwave treatment. It is therefore intended that the coverage afforded applicant be limited only by the claims and their equivalent language.
  • An applicator for treating a product with electromagnetic energy comprising a multi-mode cavity capa- 6 ble of supporting electromagnetic energy within its interior; a source of electromagnetic energy; a waveguide for conveying electromagnetic energy from said source to said cavity, and at least one feed port connected with said waveguide for introducing said electromagnetic energy into said cavity, said feed port including a waveguide extension projecting obliquely into the interior of said cavity for directing energy emanating therefrom angularly toward a stationary reflecting surface to generate with said energy a plurality of standing wave modes within said cavity; said feed port further including an impedance matching iris at the free end of said waveguide extension for coupling electromagnetic energy from said extension into said multi-mode cavity.
  • each of said feed ports including a waveguide extension projecting obliquely into the interior of said cavity for directing energy emanating therefrom angularly toward a reflecting surface.
  • each of said waveguide extensions projects through a wall of said cavity into the interior thereof where it includes an elbow angling the same obliquely toward another wall of said cavity which acts as said reflecting surface.
  • each of said feed ports is mounted on the wall of said cavity for rotation in a plane transverse to the direction of wave propagation therein at the location said waveguide extension projects through said cavity wall, and a separate waveguide is connected with each of said feed ports for conveying electromagnetic energy to said cavity, each of said waveguides being twistable along the direction of wave propagation therein whereby rotation of the waveguide extension connected therewith will not affect the coupling between the same and said waveguide.
  • each of said feed ports further includes an impedance matching iris at the free end of the waveguide extension thereof for coupling electromagnetic energy from said extension into said multi-mode cavity, the orientation of each of said irises transverse to the direction of wave propagation within the waveguide extension with which it is associated being adjustable.
  • each of said feed ports further includes a load isolator for inhibiting the passage of power reflected from said cavity into the waveguide extension thereof from being transmitted to said source of electromagnetic energy.
  • An applicator for treating a product with electromagnetic energy comprising a multi-mode cavity capable of supporting electromagnetic energy within its interior;
  • each of said feed ports including a waveguide extension which projects into the interior of said cavity and which is mounted on the wall of said cavity through which it projects for rotation in a plane transverse to the direction of wave propagation therein at the location said waveguide extension projects through said cavity wall, said extension including within the interior of the cavity an elbow angling the same obliquely with respect to the direction of wave propagation in said extension at said location said extension projects through said cavity wall;
  • said waveguide connected with each of said feed ports for conveying electromagnetic energy from its associated power pack to said cavity being twistable in the direction of wave propagation therein whereby rotation of said waveguide extension will not effect the coupling between the same and said waveguide connected therewith.
  • said plurality of waveguide extensions includes both l-l-plane and E- plane extensions.
  • An applicator for treating a product with electromagnetic energy comprising a multi-mode cavity capable of supporting electromagnetic energy within its interior;
  • said feed port including a waveguide extension which projects into the interior of said cavity and which is mounted on the wall of said cavity through which it projects for rotation in a plane transverse to the direction of wave propagation therein at the location said waveguide extension projects through said cavity wall, said waveguide extension including within the interior of the cavity of an elbow angling the same obliquely with respect to the direction of wave propagation in said extension at said location at which said extension projects through said wall and further including an impedance matching iris at the free end of the waveguide extension thereof for coupling electromagnetic energy from said extension into said multi-mode cavity.
  • each of said irises is adjustable transverse to the direction of wave propagation within its associated waveguide extension.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
US471449A 1974-05-20 1974-05-20 Multi-mode microwave cavity feed system Expired - Lifetime US3916137A (en)

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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4326114A (en) * 1978-12-11 1982-04-20 Gerling-Moore, Inc. Apparatus for microwave roasting of coffee beans
WO1984002570A1 (en) * 1982-12-22 1984-07-05 Buehler Ag Geb Device and method for processing alimentary pastes by microwaves
US4629849A (en) * 1984-06-28 1986-12-16 Ngk Insulators Ltd. Microwave heating device having a rotary reflector means in a heating chamber
WO1987007812A1 (en) * 1986-06-05 1987-12-17 Nearctic Research Centre (Australia) Pty Limited Multi-mode microwave cavity
US4775770A (en) * 1983-08-10 1988-10-04 Snow Drift Corp. N.V. System for heating objects with microwaves
DE3811063A1 (de) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-19 Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen erwaermen, pasteurisieren oder sterilisieren von lebensmitteln oder dergleichen
DE3843904A1 (de) * 1988-12-24 1990-06-28 Troester Maschf Paul Vorrichtung zur behandlung von gegenstaenden mit uhf-energie
US5098665A (en) * 1987-04-14 1992-03-24 Helmut Katschnig Device for heating of articles and organisms
US5541390A (en) * 1995-03-20 1996-07-30 Cidelcem Industries Tunnel oven for microwave heating and cooking foods
US5796080A (en) * 1995-10-03 1998-08-18 Cem Corporation Microwave apparatus for controlling power levels in individual multiple cells
US5840583A (en) * 1995-10-03 1998-11-24 Cem Corporation Microwave assisted chemical processes
US6222170B1 (en) * 1999-08-24 2001-04-24 Ut-Battelle, Llc Apparatus and method for microwave processing of materials using field-perturbing tool
US6704184B2 (en) 2001-01-12 2004-03-09 The Ferrite Company, Inc. Arc suppression in waveguide using optical detector and forced air
US20070079523A1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2007-04-12 Eastman Chemical Company Microwave reactor having a slotted array waveguide coupled to a waveguide bend
US20070079522A1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2007-04-12 Eastman Chemical Company Microwave reactor having a slotted array waveguide
US20110036706A1 (en) * 2009-08-13 2011-02-17 Douglas Van Thorre System and Method Using a Microwave-Transparent Reaction Chamber for Production of Fuel from a Carbon-Containing Feedstock
US20150351421A1 (en) * 2013-01-25 2015-12-10 Bühler Barth Gmbh Method and device for drying and/or roasting a food
US9282594B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2016-03-08 Eastman Chemical Company Wood heater with enhanced microwave launching system
US9540580B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2017-01-10 Tekgar, Llv Char made with a microwave-transparent reaction chamber for production of fuel from an organic-carbon-containing feedstock
US9545609B2 (en) 2009-08-13 2017-01-17 Tekgar, Llv Pyrolysis oil made with a microwave-transparent reaction chamber for production of fuel from an organic-carbon-containing feedstock
US10588786B2 (en) * 2016-05-19 2020-03-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and apparatus for microwave product treatment
EP4369864A4 (en) * 2021-07-05 2025-06-25 Microwave Chemical Co., Ltd. Waveguide device, microwave irradiation device, and microwave transmission method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5377364A (en) * 1976-12-21 1978-07-08 Nec Corp Microwave heating device

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3777095A (en) * 1972-05-15 1973-12-04 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Microwave heating apparatus

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4710605U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1971-03-09 1972-10-07

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3777095A (en) * 1972-05-15 1973-12-04 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Microwave heating apparatus

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4326114A (en) * 1978-12-11 1982-04-20 Gerling-Moore, Inc. Apparatus for microwave roasting of coffee beans
WO1984002570A1 (en) * 1982-12-22 1984-07-05 Buehler Ag Geb Device and method for processing alimentary pastes by microwaves
EP0113900A1 (de) * 1982-12-22 1984-07-25 Bühler AG Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Behandlung von Nahrungsmitteln mit Mikrowellen
US4952763A (en) * 1983-03-24 1990-08-28 Snowdrift Corp. N.V. System for heating objects with microwaves
US4866233A (en) * 1983-08-10 1989-09-12 Snowdrift Corporation N.V. System for heating objects with microwaves
US4775770A (en) * 1983-08-10 1988-10-04 Snow Drift Corp. N.V. System for heating objects with microwaves
US4629849A (en) * 1984-06-28 1986-12-16 Ngk Insulators Ltd. Microwave heating device having a rotary reflector means in a heating chamber
US4908486A (en) * 1986-06-05 1990-03-13 Nearctic Research Centre Resonant cavity of a microwave drier
WO1987007812A1 (en) * 1986-06-05 1987-12-17 Nearctic Research Centre (Australia) Pty Limited Multi-mode microwave cavity
US5098665A (en) * 1987-04-14 1992-03-24 Helmut Katschnig Device for heating of articles and organisms
DE3811063A1 (de) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-19 Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen erwaermen, pasteurisieren oder sterilisieren von lebensmitteln oder dergleichen
US4896005A (en) * 1988-03-31 1990-01-23 Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh Method and apparatus for the continuous heating, pasteurization or sterilization of foodstuffs or the like by microwave energy
DE3843904A1 (de) * 1988-12-24 1990-06-28 Troester Maschf Paul Vorrichtung zur behandlung von gegenstaenden mit uhf-energie
EP0375999A3 (de) * 1988-12-24 1991-08-07 Wilfried Dipl.-Ing. Baumgarten Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Gegenständen mit UHF-Energie
US5541390A (en) * 1995-03-20 1996-07-30 Cidelcem Industries Tunnel oven for microwave heating and cooking foods
US5840583A (en) * 1995-10-03 1998-11-24 Cem Corporation Microwave assisted chemical processes
US5796080A (en) * 1995-10-03 1998-08-18 Cem Corporation Microwave apparatus for controlling power levels in individual multiple cells
US6222170B1 (en) * 1999-08-24 2001-04-24 Ut-Battelle, Llc Apparatus and method for microwave processing of materials using field-perturbing tool
US6704184B2 (en) 2001-01-12 2004-03-09 The Ferrite Company, Inc. Arc suppression in waveguide using optical detector and forced air
US8487223B2 (en) 2005-09-22 2013-07-16 Eastman Chemical Company Microwave reactor having a slotted array waveguide
US20070079522A1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2007-04-12 Eastman Chemical Company Microwave reactor having a slotted array waveguide
US8299408B2 (en) 2005-09-22 2012-10-30 Eastman Chemical Company Microwave reactor having a slotted array waveguide coupled to a waveguide bend
US20070079523A1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2007-04-12 Eastman Chemical Company Microwave reactor having a slotted array waveguide coupled to a waveguide bend
US20110036706A1 (en) * 2009-08-13 2011-02-17 Douglas Van Thorre System and Method Using a Microwave-Transparent Reaction Chamber for Production of Fuel from a Carbon-Containing Feedstock
US8361282B2 (en) * 2009-08-13 2013-01-29 Tekgar, Llc System and method using a microwave-transparent reaction chamber for production of fuel from a carbon-containing feedstock
US9545609B2 (en) 2009-08-13 2017-01-17 Tekgar, Llv Pyrolysis oil made with a microwave-transparent reaction chamber for production of fuel from an organic-carbon-containing feedstock
US9282594B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2016-03-08 Eastman Chemical Company Wood heater with enhanced microwave launching system
US9456473B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2016-09-27 Eastman Chemical Company Dual vessel chemical modification and heating of wood with optional vapor
US20150351421A1 (en) * 2013-01-25 2015-12-10 Bühler Barth Gmbh Method and device for drying and/or roasting a food
US9540580B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2017-01-10 Tekgar, Llv Char made with a microwave-transparent reaction chamber for production of fuel from an organic-carbon-containing feedstock
US10588786B2 (en) * 2016-05-19 2020-03-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and apparatus for microwave product treatment
EP4369864A4 (en) * 2021-07-05 2025-06-25 Microwave Chemical Co., Ltd. Waveguide device, microwave irradiation device, and microwave transmission method

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JPS50153846A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-12-11

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