US3914514A - Termination for resistor and method of making the same - Google Patents

Termination for resistor and method of making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3914514A
US3914514A US38873473A US3914514A US 3914514 A US3914514 A US 3914514A US 38873473 A US38873473 A US 38873473A US 3914514 A US3914514 A US 3914514A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
particles
metal
termination
oxide
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
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English (en)
Inventor
George D Mackenzie
Michael G Noblett
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northrop Grumman Space and Mission Systems Corp
Original Assignee
TRW Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TRW Inc filed Critical TRW Inc
Priority to US38873473 priority Critical patent/US3914514A/en
Priority to JP4922574A priority patent/JPS5639001B2/ja
Priority to AU68763/74A priority patent/AU488710B2/en
Priority to IT6850074A priority patent/IT1014174B/it
Priority to CA201,231A priority patent/CA993969A/en
Priority to FR7422322A priority patent/FR2246037B1/fr
Priority to GB3366474A priority patent/GB1465931A/en
Priority to DE19742438048 priority patent/DE2438048C3/de
Priority to DK436774A priority patent/DK139826B/da
Priority to GB4023475A priority patent/GB1460320A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3914514A publication Critical patent/US3914514A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/28—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for applying terminals
    • H01C17/281—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for applying terminals by thick film techniques
    • H01C17/283—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method of making a resistor termination comprising the steps of applying to the surface of a substrate and firing a mixture of glass frit and particles of a compound taken from the group consisting of ruthenium oxide, iridium oxide, and rhodium oxide and mixtures thereof, until the compound dissociates to form and sinter the metal.
  • the mixture is fired at a temperature of at least 900C and preferably at 1,150C in a reducing or non-oxidizing atmosphere such as that provided by nitrogen.
  • a glass film with metal particles therein strongly bonded to the substrate When cooled there is provided a glass film with metal particles therein strongly bonded to the substrate.
  • the present invention relates to.a method of making a resistor termination and the termination produced thereby, and more particularly to a methodof making a conductive termination for a vitreous'en'amel resistor.
  • Vitreous enamel resistors include 'a substrate having on a surface thereof, a film of glass and particlesof'a' metal borides, and nitrides, have been fired in .non-
  • the glass solidifies to form the glass film with the conductive particles therein.
  • the termination generally used for resistors of the type produced in a non-oxidizing atmosphere was a film of a metal, such as nickel or copper.
  • a metal such as nickel or copper.
  • the invention accordingly comprises the several steps and the relation of one or more of such steps with respect to each of the others, and the composition possessing the features, properties, and the relation of constitutents which are exemplified in the following detailed disclosure, and the scope of the invention will be indicated in the claims.
  • FIGURE of the drawing is a sectional view of a resistor having the termination of the present invention.
  • a resistor 10 which comprises a substrate 12 of an electrical insulating material, such as a ceramic, a termination film 14 on a surface of the substrate 12, and a resistance film 16 on the surface of the substrate and contacting the termination film 14.
  • the resistance film 16 is a vitreous enamel resistance film which comprises a film of glass 2 having particles of a conductive material embedded therein and dispersedtherethroughout.
  • the conductive material may be a'nyof the well known materials used in vitreous enamelresistors.
  • the termination film 14 comprises a layer of glass having particles of either ruthenium, iridium, rhodium or mixtures thereof, embedded'in and dispersed therethroughout.
  • the amount of the metal present in the termination film is preferably between 60% and 92% by volume or 79% to 99% by weight.
  • the glass may be any glass having a suitable melting temperature, i.e., a melting temperature below that of the metal.
  • the glasses most preferable are the borosilicate glasses, such as lead borosilicate, bismuth, cadmium, barium, calcium, or other alkaline earth borosilicates. If desired, up to 5% of the metal can be replaced by copper particles to improve the solderability of the termination film 14.
  • the termination material comprises a mixture of a glass frit and particles of either ruthenium oxide, iridium oxide, rhodium oxide or mixtures of the oxides.
  • the amount of the oxide included is dependent on the volume percent of the metal desired in I the termination film. The following table shows the amount of the oxide by weight percent needed to achieve 60% and 92% by volume of the metal .in the termination film. 1
  • the glass frit and the metal oxide particles are thoroughly mixed together, such as by milling, in a suitable vehicle, such as butyl carbital acetate, a mixture of butyl carbitol acetate and toluol or any well known screening medium.
  • a suitable vehicle such as butyl carbital acetate, a mixture of butyl carbitol acetate and toluol or any well known screening medium.
  • the viscosity of the mixture is then adjusted for the desired manner of applying the material either by adding or removing some of the vehicle medium.
  • copper is to be included in the termination film, it is included in the termination material either as copper particles or copper oxide particles.
  • the termination material is then applied to the substrate 12 by any desired technique, such as brushing, dipping, spraying or screen stencil application.
  • the coated film is then preferably dried, such as by heating at a low temperature, such as C for about 10 minutes.
  • the film is heated at a higher temperature, about 400C or higher, to burn off the vehicle.
  • the film is fired at a temperature at which the glass melts, generally at least 900C and preferably l,l50C, in an atmosphere, such as nitrogen, which allows dissociation of the metal oxide and sintering of the metal thus formed.
  • the vitreous enamel resistance film 16 can be applied to the substrate in the manner well known in the art.
  • the change in resistance shown in the Table is for the application of 50 watts per square for a period of 100 hours.
  • the small change in resistance from the power loading and the low value of current noise for the resistors indicate good electrical continuity between the resistor and the termination film.
  • a method of making a termination for refractory metal glaze resistors comprising the steps of:
  • a termination film for an electrical refractory metal glaze resistor consisting of a glass film bonded to the surface of an insulating substrate, and particles of metal from the group consisting of ruthenium, iridium and rhodium, and mixtures thereof, embedded within and dispersed throughout the glass film, the metal particles being present in the amount of 60% to 92% by volume.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
  • Non-Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Details Of Resistors (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
US38873473 1973-08-16 1973-08-16 Termination for resistor and method of making the same Expired - Lifetime US3914514A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US38873473 US3914514A (en) 1973-08-16 1973-08-16 Termination for resistor and method of making the same
JP4922574A JPS5639001B2 (de) 1973-08-16 1974-05-01
AU68763/74A AU488710B2 (en) 1973-08-16 1974-05-09 Termination for resistor and method of making same
IT6850074A IT1014174B (it) 1973-08-16 1974-05-13 Terminale per resistori a strato sottile e procedimento per otte nerlo
CA201,231A CA993969A (en) 1973-08-16 1974-05-30 Termination for resistor and method of making same
FR7422322A FR2246037B1 (de) 1973-08-16 1974-06-26
GB3366474A GB1465931A (en) 1973-08-16 1974-07-30 Electrical resistors
DE19742438048 DE2438048C3 (de) 1973-08-16 1974-08-07 Verfahren zur Herstellung von lötbaren Anschlußschichten für elektrische Widerstände
DK436774A DK139826B (da) 1973-08-16 1974-08-15 Loddebar elektrisk ledende terminalbelægning og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af denne.
GB4023475A GB1460320A (en) 1973-08-16 1975-10-02 Sodium specific glass compositions and electrodes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US38873473 US3914514A (en) 1973-08-16 1973-08-16 Termination for resistor and method of making the same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3914514A true US3914514A (en) 1975-10-21

Family

ID=23535288

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US38873473 Expired - Lifetime US3914514A (en) 1973-08-16 1973-08-16 Termination for resistor and method of making the same

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3914514A (de)
JP (1) JPS5639001B2 (de)
CA (1) CA993969A (de)
DK (1) DK139826B (de)
FR (1) FR2246037B1 (de)
GB (2) GB1465931A (de)
IT (1) IT1014174B (de)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2650466A1 (de) * 1975-11-24 1977-05-26 Trw Inc Elektrischer widerstand mit anschluessen und verfahren zur herstellung desselben
US4065743A (en) * 1975-03-21 1977-12-27 Trw, Inc. Resistor material, resistor made therefrom and method of making the same
US4087778A (en) * 1976-04-05 1978-05-02 Trw Inc. Termination for electrical resistor and method of making the same
US4139832A (en) * 1976-03-19 1979-02-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Glass-coated thick film resistor
US4146759A (en) * 1976-08-12 1979-03-27 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Ignition distributor
US4155064A (en) * 1976-08-27 1979-05-15 Allen-Bradley Company Electrical resistor element
US4164067A (en) * 1976-08-27 1979-08-14 Allen-Bradley Company Method of manufacturing electrical resistor element
FR2431183A1 (fr) * 1978-07-15 1980-02-08 Sony Corp Canon a electrons de tube de television ainsi qu'element de resistance pour ce canon a electrons
US4213113A (en) * 1978-09-08 1980-07-15 Allen-Bradley Company Electrical resistor element and method of manufacturing the same
US4286251A (en) * 1979-03-05 1981-08-25 Trw, Inc. Vitreous enamel resistor and method of making the same
US4293838A (en) * 1979-01-29 1981-10-06 Trw, Inc. Resistance material, resistor and method of making the same
WO1982000233A1 (en) * 1980-07-03 1982-01-21 Western Electric Co Thick film resistor circuits
US4415486A (en) * 1981-06-11 1983-11-15 U.S. Philips Corporation Resistive paste for a resistor body
US4527050A (en) * 1981-07-08 1985-07-02 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerate Blanc Und Fischer Hotplate
US4622240A (en) * 1985-11-12 1986-11-11 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process for manufacturing thick-film electrical components
US4651126A (en) * 1985-05-02 1987-03-17 Shailendra Kumar Electrical resistor material, resistor made therefrom and method of making the same
US4835038A (en) * 1985-06-29 1989-05-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Substrate coated with multiple thick films
EP0364095A2 (de) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-18 DELCO ELECTRONICS CORPORATION (a Delaware corp.) Post-Beendungsverfahren für Dickschichtwiderstände von Leiterplatten
US5185182A (en) * 1990-12-10 1993-02-09 Ford Motor Company Method for inhibiting significant oxidation of a film on a substance during heating
US8623776B2 (en) 2008-02-26 2014-01-07 Corning Incorporated Silicate glasses having low seed concentration

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3304199A (en) * 1963-11-12 1967-02-14 Cts Corp Electrical resistance element
US3484284A (en) * 1967-08-15 1969-12-16 Corning Glass Works Electroconductive composition and method
US3573229A (en) * 1968-01-30 1971-03-30 Alloys Unlimited Inc Cermet resistor composition and method of making same
US3620840A (en) * 1968-12-13 1971-11-16 Methode Dev Co Resistance material and resistance elements made therefrom
US3640764A (en) * 1968-09-26 1972-02-08 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Integral heating elements
US3679607A (en) * 1966-10-24 1972-07-25 Int Nickel Co Oxide resistor materials
US3741780A (en) * 1970-11-04 1973-06-26 Du Pont Metallizing compositions containing bismuthate glass-ceramic conductor binder
US3776769A (en) * 1970-08-27 1973-12-04 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Metallising pastes

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3304199A (en) * 1963-11-12 1967-02-14 Cts Corp Electrical resistance element
US3679607A (en) * 1966-10-24 1972-07-25 Int Nickel Co Oxide resistor materials
US3484284A (en) * 1967-08-15 1969-12-16 Corning Glass Works Electroconductive composition and method
US3573229A (en) * 1968-01-30 1971-03-30 Alloys Unlimited Inc Cermet resistor composition and method of making same
US3640764A (en) * 1968-09-26 1972-02-08 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Integral heating elements
US3620840A (en) * 1968-12-13 1971-11-16 Methode Dev Co Resistance material and resistance elements made therefrom
US3776769A (en) * 1970-08-27 1973-12-04 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Metallising pastes
US3741780A (en) * 1970-11-04 1973-06-26 Du Pont Metallizing compositions containing bismuthate glass-ceramic conductor binder

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4065743A (en) * 1975-03-21 1977-12-27 Trw, Inc. Resistor material, resistor made therefrom and method of making the same
DE2650466A1 (de) * 1975-11-24 1977-05-26 Trw Inc Elektrischer widerstand mit anschluessen und verfahren zur herstellung desselben
FR2332600A1 (fr) * 1975-11-24 1977-06-17 Trw Inc Resistance electrique a terminaison en couche mince et son procede de realisation
US4139832A (en) * 1976-03-19 1979-02-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Glass-coated thick film resistor
US4087778A (en) * 1976-04-05 1978-05-02 Trw Inc. Termination for electrical resistor and method of making the same
US4146759A (en) * 1976-08-12 1979-03-27 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Ignition distributor
US4155064A (en) * 1976-08-27 1979-05-15 Allen-Bradley Company Electrical resistor element
US4164067A (en) * 1976-08-27 1979-08-14 Allen-Bradley Company Method of manufacturing electrical resistor element
FR2431183A1 (fr) * 1978-07-15 1980-02-08 Sony Corp Canon a electrons de tube de television ainsi qu'element de resistance pour ce canon a electrons
US4213113A (en) * 1978-09-08 1980-07-15 Allen-Bradley Company Electrical resistor element and method of manufacturing the same
US4293838A (en) * 1979-01-29 1981-10-06 Trw, Inc. Resistance material, resistor and method of making the same
US4286251A (en) * 1979-03-05 1981-08-25 Trw, Inc. Vitreous enamel resistor and method of making the same
WO1982000233A1 (en) * 1980-07-03 1982-01-21 Western Electric Co Thick film resistor circuits
US4316920A (en) * 1980-07-03 1982-02-23 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Thick film resistor circuits
US4415486A (en) * 1981-06-11 1983-11-15 U.S. Philips Corporation Resistive paste for a resistor body
US4527050A (en) * 1981-07-08 1985-07-02 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerate Blanc Und Fischer Hotplate
US4651126A (en) * 1985-05-02 1987-03-17 Shailendra Kumar Electrical resistor material, resistor made therefrom and method of making the same
US4835038A (en) * 1985-06-29 1989-05-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Substrate coated with multiple thick films
US4622240A (en) * 1985-11-12 1986-11-11 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process for manufacturing thick-film electrical components
US5164698A (en) * 1988-10-11 1992-11-17 Delco Electronics Corporation Post-termination apparatus and process for thick film resistors of printed circuit boards
EP0364095A3 (de) * 1988-10-11 1990-11-07 DELCO ELECTRONICS CORPORATION (a Delaware corp.) Post-Beendungsverfahren für Dickschichtwiderstände von Leiterplatten
EP0364095A2 (de) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-18 DELCO ELECTRONICS CORPORATION (a Delaware corp.) Post-Beendungsverfahren für Dickschichtwiderstände von Leiterplatten
US5169679A (en) * 1988-10-11 1992-12-08 Delco Electronics Corporation Post-termination apparatus and process for thick film resistors of printed circuit boards
US5185182A (en) * 1990-12-10 1993-02-09 Ford Motor Company Method for inhibiting significant oxidation of a film on a substance during heating
US8623776B2 (en) 2008-02-26 2014-01-07 Corning Incorporated Silicate glasses having low seed concentration
US9073779B2 (en) 2008-02-26 2015-07-07 Corning Incorporated Fining agents for silicate glasses
US10040715B2 (en) 2008-02-26 2018-08-07 Corning Incorporated Silicate glasses having low seed concentration
US10626042B2 (en) 2008-02-26 2020-04-21 Corning Incorporated Fining agents for silicate glasses

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5053896A (de) 1975-05-13
GB1460320A (en) 1977-01-06
FR2246037A1 (de) 1975-04-25
DE2438048B2 (de) 1977-06-16
IT1014174B (it) 1977-04-20
GB1465931A (en) 1977-03-02
JPS5639001B2 (de) 1981-09-10
DK436774A (de) 1975-04-28
DE2438048A1 (de) 1975-02-27
CA993969A (en) 1976-07-27
DK139826B (da) 1979-04-23
FR2246037B1 (de) 1978-10-27
DK139826C (de) 1979-10-01
AU6876374A (en) 1975-11-13

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