US3912547A - Method of treatment of ferrous metal parts to increase their resistance to wear and seizure - Google Patents

Method of treatment of ferrous metal parts to increase their resistance to wear and seizure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3912547A
US3912547A US330646A US33064673A US3912547A US 3912547 A US3912547 A US 3912547A US 330646 A US330646 A US 330646A US 33064673 A US33064673 A US 33064673A US 3912547 A US3912547 A US 3912547A
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ions
bath
sulphur
weight
parts
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US330646A
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English (en)
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Antoine Gaucher
Gerard Guilhot
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Centre Stephanois de Recherches Mecaniques Hydromecanique et Frottement SA
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Centre Stephanois de Recherches Mecaniques Hydromecanique et Frottement SA
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Priority claimed from FR7205498A external-priority patent/FR2171993A1/fr
Priority claimed from FR7242350A external-priority patent/FR2208004A1/fr
Priority claimed from FR7302212A external-priority patent/FR2214760A2/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/52—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions more than one element being applied in one step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/52—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions more than one element being applied in one step
    • C23C8/54—Carbo-nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/58—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions more than one element being applied in more than one step
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys

Definitions

  • the bath may further comprise sulphur anions chosen from the group Consisting of and [58] Field of Search 148/ 15.5, 15, 20, 6.11 and also PO; phosphorus ions A regenerat ing agent comprising urea is further introduced into [56] References Clted said bath in order to convert excess CO ions to UNITED STATES PATENTS CNO ions, and an apparatus is described for carrying 2,041,769 5/1936 Larkin 148/155 X this method into effect,
  • This white micro-layer is especially intended to increase the resistance to wear of the treated parts. This resistance to wear varies according to the thickness and the compactness of this white micro-layer, and in consequence it would be advantageous to be able to produce white non-porous micro-layers having the greatest possible thickness.
  • the thickness of the white micro-layer is, at least at the beginning, a function of the time of treatment.
  • the maximum useful thickness which is currently obtained with all the known treatments is microns in the case where the part treated is of unalloyed construction steel, the carbon content of which is 0.35% at the end of 1% to 2 hours immersion; beyond this period of immersion, the white micro-layer becomes porous and friable, which reduces the resistance to wear of the parts treated.
  • the present invention has for its object a method of treatment of ferrous metal parts having the effect of introducing into the superficial layers of the parts treated the elements nitrogen and carbon, or nitrogen, carbon and sulphur, or alternatively, nitrogen, carbon, sulphur and phosphorus, and consisting of immersing the parts to be treated in a bath of molten salts, in which the bath is of the type comprising on the one hand CO and CNO, and on the other hand alkaline ions, this method being based on the above-mentioned discoveries and being characterizd in that the said alkaline ions comprise on the one hand Li and on the other hand at least one of the ions K and Na*.
  • the bath of molten salts according to the invention advantageously contains, in addition to the cation Li at the same time the cations K and Na*, the respective proportions of the three cations Li K and Na being such that their combination with the anion CO terminates in a eutectic mixture of the three carbonates, the melting point of which at 397C, is very much lower than the working temperature of the bath, which is comprised between 450 and 500C.
  • the remainder is constituted either by the anion CNO when it is desired to introduce nitrogen and carbon into the surface layers of the parts treated, or by the anions CNO' and sulphur anions such as for example anions chosen from S or S0 or again S 0 when it is desired to introduce nitrogen, carbon and sulphur into the superficial layers of the parts treated, or by the anions CNO, the phosphorus'anions P0 and S or S0 or alternatively S 0 when it is desired to introduce conjointly nitrogen, carbon, sulphur and phosphorus. It will be noted that the presence of the element phosphorus in the white superficial micro-layer increases resistance to corrosion of the parts thus treated.
  • the presence of the cation Li has the effect of reducing considerably the consumption of salts which are carried away by the treated parts as they pass out of the bath.
  • Another property of the bath according to the invention is that the contents of CNO and CO anions may vary in large proportions without involving any substantial modification of the characteristics of the treated parts, both as regards resistance to fatigue and resistance to wear. This especially enables the frequency of the checks and analyses of the bath to be considerably reduced.
  • the method according to the invention has the further advantage that the bath is practically free from cyanide, which avoids all risk of pollution. This is generally but more particularly the case when the bath contains ions.
  • the bath of molten salts according to the invention is further characterized in that the ratio by weight of Li to Na is comprised between 0.15 and 0.50 and the ratio by weight of Li to K is comprised between 0.10 and 0.35, the content by weight of anion CNO' in the bath being comprised between 20 and 65%, while the content by weight of anion CO of the bath is comprised between 1 and 35%.
  • a regenerating agent comprising urea (CO) (NI-[Q in order to convert the carbonate ions CO in excess to cyanate ions CNO so as to regenerate the said cyanate ions CNO.
  • CO urea
  • a regenerating agent comprising urea into the bath with a hermetic conduit opening into the body of the bath and having supply means of regenerating agent such as will result in this conduit being continuously isolated from the atmosphere.
  • means are advantageously provided for passing through the conduit towards the bath a gaseous conveying flow of the regenerating agent, while cooling means are preferably applied round the conduit in order to prevent the regenerating agent from sticking to the internal wall of the conduit.
  • a vat 1 contains a bath B of molten salts comprising cyanates and carbonates for the treatment of metal surfaces, especially ferrous.
  • a diffuser means 2 comprising for example a strainer 3 provided with a large number of perforations 4.
  • a conduit 5 dipping into the bath B has a lower outlet 6 arranged underneath the strainer 3 and enclosed by a cylindrical screen 7.'
  • the conduit 5 is supplied from an upper inlet 8 by means of a dosing distribution device 9, with a regenerating agent in powder form, comprising in particular urea.
  • the apparatus 9 comprises a drum 10 in which is rotatably mounted, with a small clearance, a disc 11 provided with slots 12.
  • the disc is driven in rotation by any appropriate driving means (not shown) for example a variable-speed motor-reduction-gear.
  • the drum 10 communicates at its upper portion with a hopper 13 which contains the regenerating agent, so that the slots 12 of the disc 11 are in contact with the regenerating agent at the level of the hopper and become filled-up as they pass.
  • the distribution device 9 thus extracts the regenerating agent by small quantities at regular intervals.
  • the conduit 5 is connected to the drum 10 by the inlet 8 and extends to the vicinity of this latter tangentially to the disc 11, while on the opposite side of the inlet 8 a conduit opens at 14 into the drum 10, this conduit 15 extending in the vicinity of the outlet 14, tangentially to the disc 11 and substantially in the line of extension of the inlet 8. Between the opening 14 and the inlet 8, the drum 10 has a bottom 16 which forms a small chamber 17 underneath the disc 11.
  • a jacket 18 which forms with the conduit 5 an annular space 19.
  • the jacket 18 descends to the diffuser 2 and is coupled on the downstream side of the device 11 to a conduit 20.
  • a chimney 21 which forms with the jacket an annular space 22.
  • the spaces 19 and 22 are completely isolated from each other, except at the lower portion in the vicinity of the strainer 3 where they communicate at 23.
  • the chimney 21 is open at its upper extremity at 24.
  • conduits 15 and 20 which comprise respectively constructions 25 and 26 are connected to a source of gaseous fluid under pressure 27 such as an air compressor.
  • the disc 11 is driven in rotation and the slots 12 take out doses of regenerating agent from the hopper 13, transfers them into the chamber 17 where they are projected by the flow of air from the conduit 15 into the conduit 5, and are brought under the strainer 3.
  • the flow of air passing through the conduit 20 is introduced into the annular space 19 and passes in the vicinity of the strainer 3 through the orifices 23 into the annular space 22, and is subsequently evacuated through the outlet 24 of the chimney 21.
  • the bath B is obtained from a molten mixture of 16% by weight of potassium carbonate K CO 15% by weight of sodium carbonate Na,CO and 14% by weight of lithium carbonate Li,co,, while there is introduced into the bath by means of the device shown, 55% by weight of regenerating agent, which consists of a powder formed by urea (CO)/(Nl-l and of various fillers chosen in dependence on the results desired.
  • regenerating agent which consists of a powder formed by urea (CO)/(Nl-l and of various fillers chosen in dependence on the results desired.
  • the bath B contained the following ions:
  • the temperature to which the above mixture was brought was comprised between 450and 600C, and waspreferably in the neighbourhood of 550C.
  • the law of increase of the white micro-layer as a function of the immersion time, in the case where the treated part is of non-alloyed construction steel having a carbon content of 0.35% was very favorable. After only 30 minutes immersion, there was obtained a compact micro-layer of 20 microns in thickness, that is to say thicker than those obtained after minutes immersion in known baths.
  • the eutectic mixture permitted by the proportions indicated above has a melting temperature of 397C, that is to say a temperature substantially lower than that of the bath of 550C. This results in a great fluidity of the bath and prevents the immersed parts from carrying away a considerable quantity of salts when they are removed from the bath. Furthermore, it is not necessary to supervise the proportions of constituents in the bath at any great frequency, which provides great facility in the application and exploitation of the method.
  • Example 1 The above mixture was brought to the same tempera ture as in Example 1, that is to say 550C.
  • EXAMPLE 111 The bath contained the following ions:
  • the above mixture was brought up to a temperature of 570C. After 60 minutes immersion in such a bath, parts of non-alloyed construction steel with 0.35% of carbon were coated with a white micro-layer having a base mainly of carbides, nitrides and sulphides of iron with a thickness in the neighbourhood of 30 microns.
  • the above mixture was brought up to a temperature of 550C. After 60 minutes immersion in a bath of this kind, parts of non-alloyed construction steel with 0.35% of carbon were coated with a white micro-layer having a base mainly of carbides, nitrides, sulphides and phosphides of iron, having a thickness in the vicinity of 28 microns.
  • Test samples treated in this way in the bath according to the invention have a resistance to corrosion very much greater than that obtained by treating identical samples in known baths of carbo-nitro-sulphurization. In fact, after six months of atmospheric corrosion tests, the test samples treated in known baths are corroded over their entire surface, while the samples treated in the bath according to the invention have simply lost their brilliance; their weight remained unchanged for the whole duration of the corrosion tests.
  • a method of treating machine parts of ferrous metals so as to form thereon a white microlayer of at least nitrides and carbides of iron comprising the steps of immersing the parts to be treated in a bath of molten salts at a temperature between 450 and 600C. containing l-35% carbonate ions by weight, 20-65% cyanate ions by weight, potassium ions, sodium ions and lithium ions, the lithium being present in an amount about 4 to 6% by weight of the bath, the ratio by weight of lithium to sodium being 0.15 to 0.50 and the ratio by weight of lithium to potassium being 0.10 to 0.35, for a time sufficient to form a said white microlayer.
  • said bath contains a small but effective amount of sulphur ions selected from the group consisting of S, and S 0 said amount of sulphur ions being effective to introduce sulphur into said white microlayer.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
US330646A 1972-02-18 1973-02-08 Method of treatment of ferrous metal parts to increase their resistance to wear and seizure Expired - Lifetime US3912547A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7205498A FR2171993A1 (en) 1972-02-18 1972-02-18 Surface treating ferrous metals - with molten salt bath contg carbonate, cyanate, lithium, potassium, and sodium ions
FR7242350A FR2208004A1 (en) 1972-11-29 1972-11-29 Surface treating ferrous metals - with molten salt bath contg carbonate, cyanate, lithium, potassium, and sodium ions
FR7302212A FR2214760A2 (en) 1973-01-23 1973-01-23 Surface treating ferrous metals - with molten salt bath contg carbonate, cyanate, lithium, potassium, and sodium ions

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AR (1) AR202385A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE795015A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA989714A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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ES (1) ES411581A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1424136A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4019928A (en) * 1973-03-05 1977-04-26 Duetsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler Process for nitriding iron and steel in salt baths regenerated with triazine polymers
US4042427A (en) * 1974-03-21 1977-08-16 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Process for controlling fused salt nitridation of metals with a solid electrolyte electrode
US4268323A (en) * 1979-04-05 1981-05-19 Kolene Corp. Process for case hardening steel
US4271239A (en) * 1977-07-20 1981-06-02 Brico Engineering Limited Sintered metal articles and process for their manufacture
WO1987005335A1 (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-11 Fox Patrick L Shallow case hardening and corrosion inhibition process
US5037491A (en) * 1986-02-28 1991-08-06 Fox Patrick L Shallow case hardening and corrosion inhibition process
US5389161A (en) * 1992-03-10 1995-02-14 Centre Stephanois De Recherches Mecaniques Hydromecanique Et Frottement Process for phosphating steel parts to improve corrosion and wear resistance
US5468071A (en) * 1992-07-10 1995-11-21 Centre Stephanois De Recherches Mecaniques Hydromecanique Et Frottement Bearing shell for heavily loaded bearings with a rolled strip interference or force fit lining
US5514226A (en) * 1994-02-09 1996-05-07 Centre Stephanois De Recherches Mecaniques Hydromecanique Et Frottement Salt bath composition based on alkali nitrates for oxidizing ferrous metal to improve its corrosion resistance
US5518605A (en) * 1993-08-06 1996-05-21 Centre Stephanois De Recherches Mecaniques Hydromecanique Et Frottement Method of nitriding ferrous metal parts having improved corrosion resistance
US5576066A (en) * 1993-08-10 1996-11-19 Centre Stephanois De Recherches Mecaniques Hydromecanique Et Frottement Method of improving the wear and corrosion resistance of ferrous metal parts
US5753052A (en) * 1995-03-01 1998-05-19 Centre Stephanois De Recherches Mecaniques Hydromecanique Et Frottement Method of treating ferrous surfaces subjected to high friction strains
EP1308534A1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2003-05-07 Kolene Corporation Low temperature nitrocarburizing salt and method of use
US6645315B2 (en) * 2000-08-14 2003-11-11 Centre Stephanois De Recherches Mecaniques Hydromecanique Et Frottement Surface treatment process for mechanical parts subject to wear and corrosion
US20040025971A1 (en) * 2000-11-29 2004-02-12 Tokuo Sato Method of salt bath nitriding for producing iron member having improved corrosion resistance and iron parts
CN103451595A (zh) * 2013-09-02 2013-12-18 中国科学院金属研究所 镁合金表面熔盐氧碳硫共渗耐腐蚀陶瓷涂层及制备和应用
CN106967945A (zh) * 2016-01-14 2017-07-21 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司 用于不锈钢的稀土-硫化物共催渗低温qpq组合物及不锈钢刀具的qpq工艺

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2355815C2 (ru) * 2007-04-09 2009-05-20 ФГОУ ВПО Курская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия им. профессора И.И. Иванова Способ упрочнения металлических поверхностей сульфоцианированием

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2041769A (en) * 1932-01-13 1936-05-26 John P Larkin Nitriding process
US2049806A (en) * 1933-03-10 1936-08-04 Du Pont Carburization of ferrous metals
US2254296A (en) * 1940-06-15 1941-09-02 Park Chem Co Casehardening salt bath
US2553865A (en) * 1950-03-11 1951-05-22 Newell Isaac Laird Case hardening composition
US2707159A (en) * 1947-02-19 1955-04-26 Lubri Case Inc Wear-resistant ferrous metal articles and their production
US2927875A (en) * 1957-06-26 1960-03-08 Degussa Process for carburizing and carboni-triding iron and steel
US3303063A (en) * 1964-06-15 1967-02-07 Gen Motors Corp Liquid nitriding process using urea
US3331708A (en) * 1964-03-23 1967-07-18 Thomas J Buitkus Electrolytic case hardening

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2041769A (en) * 1932-01-13 1936-05-26 John P Larkin Nitriding process
US2049806A (en) * 1933-03-10 1936-08-04 Du Pont Carburization of ferrous metals
US2254296A (en) * 1940-06-15 1941-09-02 Park Chem Co Casehardening salt bath
US2707159A (en) * 1947-02-19 1955-04-26 Lubri Case Inc Wear-resistant ferrous metal articles and their production
US2553865A (en) * 1950-03-11 1951-05-22 Newell Isaac Laird Case hardening composition
US2927875A (en) * 1957-06-26 1960-03-08 Degussa Process for carburizing and carboni-triding iron and steel
US3331708A (en) * 1964-03-23 1967-07-18 Thomas J Buitkus Electrolytic case hardening
US3303063A (en) * 1964-06-15 1967-02-07 Gen Motors Corp Liquid nitriding process using urea

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4019928A (en) * 1973-03-05 1977-04-26 Duetsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler Process for nitriding iron and steel in salt baths regenerated with triazine polymers
US4042427A (en) * 1974-03-21 1977-08-16 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Process for controlling fused salt nitridation of metals with a solid electrolyte electrode
US4271239A (en) * 1977-07-20 1981-06-02 Brico Engineering Limited Sintered metal articles and process for their manufacture
US4268323A (en) * 1979-04-05 1981-05-19 Kolene Corp. Process for case hardening steel
US4756774A (en) * 1984-09-04 1988-07-12 Fox Steel Treating Co. Shallow case hardening and corrosion inhibition process
WO1987005335A1 (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-11 Fox Patrick L Shallow case hardening and corrosion inhibition process
US5037491A (en) * 1986-02-28 1991-08-06 Fox Patrick L Shallow case hardening and corrosion inhibition process
US5389161A (en) * 1992-03-10 1995-02-14 Centre Stephanois De Recherches Mecaniques Hydromecanique Et Frottement Process for phosphating steel parts to improve corrosion and wear resistance
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ES411581A1 (es) 1976-05-01
GB1424136A (en) 1976-02-11
JPS48103430A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-12-25
CA989714A (en) 1976-05-25
DD104814A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-20
BE795015A (fr) 1973-05-29
IT980485B (it) 1974-09-30
JPS5317983B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-06-12
DE2307256A1 (de) 1973-08-23
AR202385A1 (es) 1975-06-06
CH565251A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-08-15
SE400990B (sv) 1978-04-17

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