US3911964A - Prestressed concrete pipes - Google Patents

Prestressed concrete pipes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3911964A
US3911964A US465341A US46534174A US3911964A US 3911964 A US3911964 A US 3911964A US 465341 A US465341 A US 465341A US 46534174 A US46534174 A US 46534174A US 3911964 A US3911964 A US 3911964A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
core
hoop
wires
spigot
pretensioned
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US465341A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert E Bald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Interpace Corp
Original Assignee
Interpace Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Interpace Corp filed Critical Interpace Corp
Priority to US465341A priority Critical patent/US3911964A/en
Priority to CA224,335A priority patent/CA1019683A/en
Priority to ZA00752338A priority patent/ZA752338B/xx
Priority to AU80244/75A priority patent/AU467433B2/en
Priority to AR258482A priority patent/AR203332A1/es
Priority to GB17072/75A priority patent/GB1483675A/en
Priority to ES1975225107U priority patent/ES225107Y/es
Priority to BR3154/75A priority patent/BR7502482A/pt
Priority to DE19752518513 priority patent/DE2518513A1/de
Priority to IE931/75A priority patent/IE41021B1/xx
Priority to JP5060575A priority patent/JPS5342135B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3911964A publication Critical patent/US3911964A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
    • B28B21/56—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles incorporating reinforcements or inserts
    • B28B21/60—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles incorporating reinforcements or inserts prestressed reinforcements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L25/00—Constructive types of pipe joints not provided for in groups F16L13/00 - F16L23/00 ; Details of pipe joints not otherwise provided for, e.g. electrically conducting or insulating means
    • F16L25/0027—Joints for pipes made of reinforced concrete
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/08—Rigid pipes of concrete, cement, or asbestos cement, with or without reinforcement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S138/00—Pipes and tubular conduits
    • Y10S138/05—Pre-stress

Definitions

  • Des Marais ABSTRACT In a prestressed concrete pressure pipe it is known to have the tensioned wire wrapping around a concrete pipe core terminate short of the bars outside jointsealing surface at the end of the pipe core, embedded pretensioned wires extending axially of the core, and a tensioned ring either within or outside of the unwrapped or bare end of the core.
  • end portions of the pretensioned wires are bent outwardly at a hoop towards the unwrapped surface of the core and the hoop is pretensioned by the wires.
  • the stress in the wires is thereby utilized to impart radially inwardly directed forces emanating from the bent-out portions of the wires and from the hoop to restrain flaring and cracking of the unwrapped end of the core.
  • This invention relates to prestressed concrete pressure pipe in which pretensioned wires extend longitudinally of the wall of a monolithic concrete pipe core, and the core is circumferentially compressed by a highly tensioned wire wrapping.
  • the core commonly has at least one end finished as a spigot adapted for entering a complementary outer member for forming a joint therewith.
  • One proposed mode for suppressing flaring and cracking invokes the use of a tensioned auxiliary wire binding about the spigot between the end face of the spigot and its gasket-receiving surface, but this entails supplemental winding and fastening procedures and requires that the main tensioned wire wrapping around the core be anchored more distant from the end face of the core than should be necessary.
  • Another mode for inducing circumferential compression in the spigot end of a concrete core is to form a ring at the ends of the longitudinally prestressing wires by interlinking loops at their ends with loops of other wires to which force was applied to tension the prestressing wires before the core was moulded. That mode is not sufficiently trustworthy because of the uncertainty of the amount of tension that can be imposed in the formed ring and, in any case, the construction would have limited application to the manufacture of pressure pipe for which prestressing wires of relatively light weight would be appropriate.
  • end portions of longitudinally prestressing wires or rods which enter the spigot of a pipe core engage a hoop and are angularly inclined outwardly from the hoop to their ends which are closer to the end face and the outer surface of the spigot than the hoop.
  • the longitudinal reinforcing for the core thus sets up a pattern of resisting forces in the concrete of the core at its spigot end which includes (a) axial compression, (b) radial bending stress at the end with the tension side at the external surface of the core and the compression side at the internal side, and (c) circumferential compression of the core near its end due to strain in the tensioned hoop.
  • the strength of the spigot end of the core is thereby increased in proportion to the stresses resulting from the three force systems.
  • the resisting forces developed in the core varies with the stress in the prestressing wires and the angle which the deflected portion of each wire makes with the axially extending portion of the wire.
  • the highest radial thrust component derivable from deflected portions of the prestressing wires is obtainable with the deflected portions disposed perpendicularly to the axis of the core.
  • the angle of deflection should be within a range of about 15 to and preferably as wide as the class, size and wall thickness of a pipe will permit.
  • a moulded concrete pipe core with a spigot having an annular surface for engaging joint sealing means, a tensioned wire wrapping subjecting the core to circumferential compression, said wrapping having an end anchored short of said joint sealing means surface, said core containing a plurality of pretensioned wires spaced apart circumferentially of said core and extending substantially the length of the core, a hoop contained in the concrete of said core, said hoop substantially concentric to the axis of said core and located axially inward from the end face of the core at the spigot end of the core, said pretensioned wires engaging the inside of said hoop and having portions thereof deflected radially outwardly from their points of engagement with said hoop and towards said end face at the spigot end of the core.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a pipe employing the invention with parts cut away for showing interior portions thereof;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an end portion of a mould on line 22 of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 3 is a section of an end portion of a mould on line 3-3 of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 4 is an end view of a segment of a mould end ring
  • FIG. 5 is a profile of the spigot of a different pipe core.
  • FIG. 6 is a profile of the spigot of still another form of a pipe core.
  • the concrete pressure pipe illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a moulded concrete pipe core 10 which is reinforced and longitudinaly compressed by a plurality of prestressed wires 11 embedded in and bonded to the concrete of the wall of the core at equal intervals circumferentially around the core.
  • the wires are of high tensile strength steel and the ends of each wire extend close to the respective end faces 12 and 13 of the core.
  • nuts 14 and 15 are attached to threads impressed into each wire, but other supplementary anchoring means may be used.
  • the left end of the pipe is fashioned as a spigot of sufficient length for entering into a bell of another pipe or other complementary member for making a joint therewith.
  • a spigot at one end and a bell at the other end which, in the pipe shown in FIG. 1, is a steel bell ring 16.
  • the spigot includes a flange 17 having an annular recess 18 for receiving a joint sealing means, such as a rubber gasket, and providing an annular surface 19 on the concrete core onto which the gasket may be seated.
  • a joint sealing means such as a rubber gasket
  • the pretensioned wires 11 are bonded to the concrete of the core.
  • the wires engage the inside of a pretensioned hoop 20 contained in the core.
  • the end portions of the wires are directed angularly outwardly from their longitudinally disposed portions.
  • the hoop is constructed from one or several rings of a high tensile strength steel wire, the ends of which are spliced to complete the hoop.
  • the hoop 20 is subjected to tangential tension when the wires 11 are tensioned in a mould before the mould is filled and the concrete hardens to form the core.
  • the inwardly directed force of the hoop is resisted by the concrete of the core.
  • the wrapping is applied in a manner known in the art by helically winding a tensioned high tensile strength steel wire around the core and the bell ringafter the core has been thoroughly cured.
  • the spigot end of the wire wrapping at the anchorage 22 is necessarily located a short distance from the end face 12 of the core in order to leave bare an outside surface of the core for seating the sealing means which subsequently will be used to seal a joint with another pipe.
  • a mortar or other protective coating 24 covers the full length of the tensioned wire wrapping 21.
  • the edge 25 of the coating forms a side wall at one side of the gasket-bearing surface 19.
  • the pipe core is moulded in a rotatable cylindrical mould of which two different sections through an end ring 26 are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Another end ring (not shown) is mounted to the other end of a cylindrical shell 27 which forms the outside central wall of the mould.
  • the mould is adapted for moulding in accordance with the roller suspension machine moulding technique, but the core can be formed in a centrifugal machine or other suitable mould.
  • Each wire 11 is engaged by a detachable gripper 28 threaded on the wire and having a head 29 which bears on the end ring 26.
  • the far end of each wire is also engaged by a similar gripper which is supported by the end ring at that end of the mould.
  • the hoop 20 is placed in the mould to the outside of the wires 11 before the ends of the wires are gripped. It is held spaced from the inside radial surface 30 of the ring 26 by a number of tie-wires 31, one of which is shown in FIG. 3. An end of each of the wires 31 is twisted around and lashed securely to the hoop, and the other end of the wire is gripped by a removable anchoring pin 32 which is supported on the mould ring 26.
  • Each individual prestressing wire 11 is initially stressed under a measurable tension prerequisite for meeting the specifications for a particular pipe design.
  • the number of longitudinal wires used in a core is dependent upon variable factors such as their size, the size and wall thickness of the core, the beam and crushing loading of a known expected earth cover and the maximum internal water pressure expected for a particular job.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown the profile of the spigot end of another concrete pipe core 33 having a relatively wide flange 34 and an annular gasket-receiving recess 35 with side walls constituted of the material of the core.
  • the terminal coil 36 of the tensioned wire wrapping 37 is located adjacent the flange and the pretensioned hoop 38 is located in or near the diametrical plane of the terminal coil.
  • Tension was applied to the prestressed hoop 38 and the prestressed wires 39 in the manner previously described. In this modification the bond of the concrete to the wires is relied on for maintaining the wires and their deflected portions 40 stressed in tension. Should the pipe design and pressure requirements warrant, the ends of the deflected portions may be provided with anchoring means, either inside or outside of the core.
  • FIG. 6 shows an application of the invention in a concrete pipe core having a straight-walled spigot 41 and an O-ring gasket 42 resting in a groove formed in the core.
  • the terminal coil 43 of the tensioned wire wrapping 44 is more removed from the end face 45 because a longer exposed surface of the core is needed to accommodate a socket of a joining pipe.
  • the hoop 46 is located within the wall of the pipe as close to the end face as practicable. The presence of the pretensioned hoop and of the deflected portions 47 of the pretensioned reinforcing wires 49 and their reaction on the concrete inhibits the cracking of the concrete at the inside of the spigot.
  • the invention results in strengthening the spigot and effecting economy in the manufacture of any type of prestressed concrete pressure pipe having a circumferentially compressed concrete core with an exposed or bare surface at the spigot and compressed longitudinaIly by pretensioned wires or rods.
  • the invention may also be practiced if the various wire elements in the concrete pipe were replaced with equivalent high strength materials such as strands of glass filaments or fibers.
  • a prestressed concrete pressure pipe comprising a moulded concrete pipe core with a spigot having an annular surface for engaging joint sealing means, a tensioned wire wrapping subjecting the core to circumferential compression, said wrapping having an end anchored short of said joint sealing means surface, said core containing a plurality of pretensioned wires spaced apart circumferentially of said core and extending substantially the length of the core, a pretensioned hoop contained in the concrete of said core, said hoop substantially concentric to the axis of said core and located axially inward from the end face of the core at the spigot end of the core, said pretensioned wires passing through said hoop in engagement with the inside of said hoop said pretensioned wires having bends at the points of engagement with said hoop from which portions of the wires continuing straight from said bends towards said end face of the core are inclined from their points of engagement with said hoop radially outwardly relative to the axis of said core whereby said inclined
  • a prestressed concrete pressure pipe according to claim 1 including anchoring means attached to the ends of said pretensioned wires.
  • a prestressed concrete pressure pipe according to claim 1, wherein said hoop is located from said end face a distance substantially equal to the spacing of the spigot end of said wire wrapping from said end face.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Joints With Sleeves (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
US465341A 1974-04-29 1974-04-29 Prestressed concrete pipes Expired - Lifetime US3911964A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US465341A US3911964A (en) 1974-04-29 1974-04-29 Prestressed concrete pipes
CA224,335A CA1019683A (en) 1974-04-29 1975-04-10 Prestressed concrete pipes
ZA00752338A ZA752338B (en) 1974-04-29 1975-04-11 Prestressed concrete pipes
AU80244/75A AU467433B2 (en) 1974-04-29 1975-04-17 Prestressed concrete pipes
AR258482A AR203332A1 (es) 1974-04-29 1975-04-23 Tubo de presion de concreto pretensado
ES1975225107U ES225107Y (es) 1974-04-29 1975-04-24 Un tubo de presion de concreto pretensado.
GB17072/75A GB1483675A (en) 1974-04-29 1975-04-24 Prestressed concrete pipes
BR3154/75A BR7502482A (pt) 1974-04-29 1975-04-24 Tubo de pressao de concreto protendido
DE19752518513 DE2518513A1 (de) 1974-04-29 1975-04-25 Druckrohr aus spannbeton
IE931/75A IE41021B1 (en) 1974-04-29 1975-04-25 Prestressed concrete pipes
JP5060575A JPS5342135B2 (xx) 1974-04-29 1975-04-25

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US465341A US3911964A (en) 1974-04-29 1974-04-29 Prestressed concrete pipes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3911964A true US3911964A (en) 1975-10-14

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ID=23847415

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US465341A Expired - Lifetime US3911964A (en) 1974-04-29 1974-04-29 Prestressed concrete pipes

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3911964A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5342135B2 (xx)
AR (1) AR203332A1 (xx)
AU (1) AU467433B2 (xx)
BR (1) BR7502482A (xx)
CA (1) CA1019683A (xx)
DE (1) DE2518513A1 (xx)
ES (1) ES225107Y (xx)
GB (1) GB1483675A (xx)
IE (1) IE41021B1 (xx)
ZA (1) ZA752338B (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1980001600A1 (en) * 1979-01-26 1980-08-07 Nii Betona I Zhelezobetona Prestressed concrete pipe
EP1002906A3 (de) * 1998-11-18 2002-07-10 Rheinbraun Aktiengesellschaft Brunnenrohr
CN101654959B (zh) * 2009-05-18 2011-01-05 中铁二局股份有限公司 一种先张法折线配筋混凝土梁温度应力裂纹控制施工方法
CN101311598B (zh) * 2007-05-24 2011-08-17 天津万联管道工程有限公司 钢筒加强钢制承插口预应力混凝土顶管
US8544505B1 (en) * 2013-01-10 2013-10-01 Ming C. Kuo Pre-stressed concrete pipe

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2123535A (en) * 1982-05-28 1984-02-01 Gordon William Taylor Injection lances for molten metal
JPS59188306A (ja) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-25 株式会社日立製作所 配電盤
GB8706782D0 (en) * 1987-03-21 1987-04-23 Velmac Scotland Ltd Plant restrictor
US5520422A (en) * 1994-10-24 1996-05-28 Ameron, Inc. High-pressure fiber reinforced composite pipe joint
AU673325B3 (en) * 1996-02-14 1996-10-31 Ameron, Inc. High-pressure fiber reinforced composite pipe joint
CN110593487A (zh) * 2019-09-10 2019-12-20 广州大学 一种组合结构柱及施工方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2805683A (en) * 1950-02-17 1957-09-10 Lock Joint Pipe Co Pipe and method for making the same
US3034536A (en) * 1958-02-19 1962-05-15 Lock Joint Pipe Co Prestressed concrete pipes
US3034537A (en) * 1958-05-20 1962-05-15 Lock Joint Pipe Co Prestressed concrete pipes
US3258033A (en) * 1963-04-25 1966-06-28 American Pipe & Constr Co Anchorage for prestress wire in concrete pipe

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2805683A (en) * 1950-02-17 1957-09-10 Lock Joint Pipe Co Pipe and method for making the same
US3034536A (en) * 1958-02-19 1962-05-15 Lock Joint Pipe Co Prestressed concrete pipes
US3034537A (en) * 1958-05-20 1962-05-15 Lock Joint Pipe Co Prestressed concrete pipes
US3258033A (en) * 1963-04-25 1966-06-28 American Pipe & Constr Co Anchorage for prestress wire in concrete pipe

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1980001600A1 (en) * 1979-01-26 1980-08-07 Nii Betona I Zhelezobetona Prestressed concrete pipe
EP1002906A3 (de) * 1998-11-18 2002-07-10 Rheinbraun Aktiengesellschaft Brunnenrohr
CN101311598B (zh) * 2007-05-24 2011-08-17 天津万联管道工程有限公司 钢筒加强钢制承插口预应力混凝土顶管
CN101654959B (zh) * 2009-05-18 2011-01-05 中铁二局股份有限公司 一种先张法折线配筋混凝土梁温度应力裂纹控制施工方法
US8544505B1 (en) * 2013-01-10 2013-10-01 Ming C. Kuo Pre-stressed concrete pipe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5342135B2 (xx) 1978-11-09
IE41021B1 (en) 1979-09-26
ES225107Y (es) 1977-06-16
CA1019683A (en) 1977-10-25
GB1483675A (en) 1977-08-24
ZA752338B (en) 1976-03-31
AU467433B2 (en) 1975-12-04
ES225107U (es) 1977-02-16
JPS50150020A (xx) 1975-12-01
IE41021L (en) 1975-10-29
BR7502482A (pt) 1976-04-13
AU8024475A (en) 1975-12-04
DE2518513A1 (de) 1975-10-30
AR203332A1 (es) 1975-08-29

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