US3911863A - Test installation for single layer or multiple layer coating and drying of sheets of paper or film - Google Patents

Test installation for single layer or multiple layer coating and drying of sheets of paper or film Download PDF

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Publication number
US3911863A
US3911863A US398333A US39833373A US3911863A US 3911863 A US3911863 A US 3911863A US 398333 A US398333 A US 398333A US 39833373 A US39833373 A US 39833373A US 3911863 A US3911863 A US 3911863A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
coater
installation
drying
endless loop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US398333A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Herzhoff
Hans Gref
Herbert Bruck
Josef Busch
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Agfa Gevaert AG
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Agfa Gevaert AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19722246798 external-priority patent/DE2246798C3/de
Application filed by Agfa Gevaert AG filed Critical Agfa Gevaert AG
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Publication of US3911863A publication Critical patent/US3911863A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/74—Record carriers characterised by the form, e.g. sheet shaped to wrap around a drum

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a test installation for singlelayer or multiple-layer coating of sheets of paper or film with viscous solutions, followed by drying with air.
  • An installation of this kind comprises at least one coater unit followed by an air jet dryer.
  • DAS l.962,089 relates to a multilayer coating installation in which the throughput of air required for drying can be varied within wide limits.
  • This installation is intended for production and its size would make it uneconomical to use it for test purposes only.
  • it would be conceivable to make an installation of this kind correspondingly smaller there is a limit to the extent to which its size can be reduced because a certain minimum length is required for the drying sections. As a result, the installations are inevitably relatively large and expensive.
  • An object of the invention is to construct a simple, compact test installation for coating and drying sheets of film.
  • the test installation according to the invention is intended to be able to simulate both the coating conditions and also the drying conditions as far as possible to correspond to production requirements.
  • a test installation for single-layer or multilayer coating of sheets of paper or film with viscous liquids, followed by drying with air comprising means for guiding the sheet in the form of an endless loop along a path, a coater for coating the sheet with a viscous liquid and an air-jet dryer downstream thereof for drying the coated sheet arranged along the said path, and a means for preparing the air fed to the air jet-dryer in which the variables of the drying air are adjustable without any appreciable time-lag.
  • a plurality of coater units are advantageously arranged on a turntable or elongated platform beneath a sheet guide roller in the form of a coating roller. These coater units can be selectively moved up to the coating roller when the installation is in operation. The coater units can either be swung away or removed by means of linear guides.
  • the coater units are preferably mounted on resilient elements so that their positions relative to the coating roller is determined solely by the stops.
  • the coater units are equipped with volume dispensers in the form of injection sprays.
  • the coating solution can be dispensed independently of its viscosity and other flow properties.
  • the installation in which the drying air is prepared preferably comprises a fan, an air dessicator, a cooler, a heating system, a steam-injection chamber, a mixing chamber and of a pair of air flaps, all the components being connected in series. Basically, therefore, a constant throughput of air is used.
  • the drying air is adjusted to a constant initial condition.
  • the air is then heated, moistened and quantitatively adjusted in accordance with the required condition of the drying air before it is fed to the air jet dryer. Accordingly, it is possible in this way to vary the drying conditions without any appreciable time-lag.
  • the heating system should have a low heat capacity. Accordingly, the heating system is advantageously an electrical heating-wire system of low heat capacity which is arranged in the air stream and whose heat out put can be varied through varying the input of electrical power.
  • Another possibility of varying the variables of the drying air is to provide two air preparation installations which open into a common mixing chamber where that the two air streams differing in temperature and moisture content are mixed together in a selectable ratio.
  • the mixing conditions can be gathered from Molliers I-X-diagram. They are limited by the line connecting the two initial air conditions in the l-X-diagram.
  • the primary advantages of the invention are the low space requirement and high flexibility of the installation. Only one dryer is required. The installation enables the important physical parameters for coating and drying to be optimised for production without excessive outlay.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates the structure of the test installation.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the positioning of the coater units relative to the coating roller.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates preparation of the drying air.
  • FIG. 4 is a programme chart for one example of a coating and drying process.
  • the sheet 1 bonded at its ends to form a continuous loop travels over a drum 2, guide rollers 3 and 4, a guide coating roller 5 and a flanged roller 6.
  • the flanged roller 6 has flanges over which the uncoated edge of the sheet 1 is guided. Contact with the freshly applied layer is avoided in this way.
  • a coating solution is dispensed by means of injection sprays 9 which are driven through a spindle gear 10. Accordingly, the layer thickness applied is governed both by the amount of coating solution dispensed and by the rate of sheet travel.
  • the coater unit 8 is horizontally positioned by means of the turntable 7.
  • the coater unit 8 is raised by a penumatic unit 14 until its stops 11 come into contact with the stop ring 12.
  • the movement is initiated under programme control.
  • the individual working stages can of course alternatively be carried out by hand.
  • Coater units of the kind which function either on the wetting principle or on the extrusion principle are used for coating. Suitable types of coater unit are described for example in US. Pat. No. 3,635,192 and in US. Pat. No. 3,726,628.
  • the sheet After coating, the sheet travels into an annular air-jet dryer 15 where drying air is blown onto the sheet through the nozzles 16. Additional infra-red heaters 17 can be installed between the nozzles.
  • the installation for preparing the drying air is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the parameters which govern drying namely the temperature, moisture and throughput of drying air, can be adjusted within wide limits without any appreciable timelag by means of this installation. These parameters determine the sheet temperature/time curve (drying characteristic) during the drying process. It has been found that, in the case of photographic materials, the quality of the end product is governed by the drying characteristic.
  • the preparation installation described here enables the optimum drying characteristic to be determined.
  • Air is drawn in through a primary filter 19 by a fan 18 and is initially cooled in a cooler 20 and dehumidified in an air dessicator 21.
  • the drying air then passes through another cooler 22 and a filter 23. Thereafter it is reheated by an electrical heating system 24 which consists simply of electrically heated wires.
  • the intensity of heating is adjusted by adjusting the electrical power and regulated to a constant level.
  • the heated air is then guided into a steam-injection chamber 25 and thoroughly mixed in the mixing chamber 26. Since all the components 19 to 26 of the preparation installation are connected in series, the throughput of air is always constant.
  • the moisture content and temperatures of the drying air can be varied substantially without inertia by altering the output of the electrical heating system 24 and the steam-injection chamber 25.
  • the quantity of drying air entering the air jet dryer 15 is adjusted by means of a pair of flaps 27. That part of the drying air which is not required escapes through a pipe 28.
  • the quantitative ratio of the two air streams determines the rate at which the air issues from the nozzles 16. Accordingly, the air preparing installation always functions with a constant quantity of air.
  • the mode of operation of the installation is explained below with reference to the programme chart shown in FIG. 4 which relates by way of example to two-layer coating.
  • the sheet 1 travelling at a speed of 25 meters per minute is coated with a layer having a thickness of 40 g/m by a coater unit of type A (wetting coater) over a distance of about meters.
  • the coated sheet then enters the dryer 15 where it is dried under three different drying conditions. In this case, the continuous path length of the sheet is about 5 meters and its width approximately 16 cm.
  • the diameter of the drum 2 in the dryer is about 130 cm.
  • the sheet 1 is initially dried for 30 seconds at 25C( 16 8 1C) with air containing 5 g of moisture per kg of air issuing from the nozzles 16 at a rate of meters per second.
  • the sheet 1 then passes for seconds through a zone where it is dried at 40C with air having a xvalue (moisture content) of 10 g per kg and a rate of flow of meters per second.
  • it enters a third zone where it is dried for 20 seconds at 20C with air having a-x-value (moisture content) of 10 g per kg and a rate of flow of 5 meters per second.
  • the second layer is then applied to the sheet travelling at a rate of meters per minute by a type C coater which is an extruder coater.
  • the second layer is then dried for seconds at 30C with air having a x-value (moisture content) of 7 g per kg and a rate of flow of 20 meters per second.
  • This last drying operation alone would require a drying section approximately 53 meters long in a conventional continuous machine.
  • the maximum rate of travel of the sheet is 50 meters per minute and the maximum processing time minutes (10 X 16 minutes). If these same limit values were to be used as the basis for a conventional continuous machine, it would have to have a length of 50 X 160 8,000 meters which is intolerable under any circumstances. 7
  • An alternative installation uses two air-preparing installations of the kind shown in FIG. 5 differing from one another in their dimensions.
  • the two air streams of air which differ in temperature and-moisture content are mixed together in a mixing chamber. Any desired point on the straight line connecting the condition points in Molliers i-x-diagram can be reached without any appreciable time lag by rapidly changing the mixing ratios.
  • a test installation for single-layer or multilayer coating of sheets of paper or film with viscous liquids, following by drying with air comprising means for guiding the sheet in the form of an endless loop along a path, a coater for coating the sheet with a viscous liquid operatively arranged at a station upon the endless loop, an air-jet dryer downstream thereof for drying the coated sheet arranged along the path, a means for pre paring the air fed to the air-jet dryer in which the variables of the drying air are adjustable without any appreciable time-lag whereby drying conditions along a long path which is a multiple of the length of the endless loop are simulated, the coater including a guide coating roller about which a portion of the endless loop of sheet is disposed in a protruding portion of the endless loop, the coater also including a base disposed externally of the endless loop, coating liquid supply means connected to the base of the coater, a movable platform mounted externally of the endless loop adjacent the protruding portion disposed about the coating guide roller, a plurality
  • the air preparing means comprises a fan, an air dessicator, a cooler, a heating system, a steam-injection chamber, a mixing chamber and a pair of air flaps all of which are connected in series.
  • heating system is an electrical heating-wire system of low heat capacity which is arranged in the air stream and whose heat output can be adjusted through adjusting the electrical power.
  • the air preparing means comprises two air-preparation installations which open into a common mixing chamber where the two air streams differing in temperature and moisture are mixed together in a selectable ratio.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
US398333A 1972-09-23 1973-09-18 Test installation for single layer or multiple layer coating and drying of sheets of paper or film Expired - Lifetime US3911863A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722246798 DE2246798C3 (de) 1972-09-23 Versuchsanlage zur Einzel- oder Mehrfachbeschichtung und Trocknung von Papier- oder Folienbahnen

Publications (1)

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US3911863A true US3911863A (en) 1975-10-14

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US398333A Expired - Lifetime US3911863A (en) 1972-09-23 1973-09-18 Test installation for single layer or multiple layer coating and drying of sheets of paper or film

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3911863A (cs)
JP (1) JPS5724499B2 (cs)
BE (1) BE805004A (cs)
CH (1) CH554703A (cs)
FR (1) FR2200999A5 (cs)
GB (1) GB1410693A (cs)
IT (1) IT996196B (cs)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4415610A (en) * 1981-05-04 1983-11-15 Polaroid Corporation Process simulator
WO1998005435A1 (en) * 1996-08-03 1998-02-12 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process and apparatus for making a photographic material
US20050214046A1 (en) * 2004-03-26 2005-09-29 Stickler Tom E Waste toner system for an image forming device

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110496756A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2019-11-26 盐城东方天成机械有限公司 一种高效型高位烘干仓
CN112344679A (zh) * 2019-10-25 2021-02-09 广东聚华印刷显示技术有限公司 烤箱及气悬浮装置

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1772081A (en) * 1927-08-27 1930-08-05 Frederick W Hochstetter Process and apparatus for treating derivatives of aqueous cellulose compounds for use in photographic and its allied arts and other useful purposes
US2147293A (en) * 1936-01-06 1939-02-14 American Anode Inc Method for applying latex to deposition bases
US2889806A (en) * 1955-09-26 1959-06-09 Marcote Company Apparatus for coating fibrous sheets
US2952078A (en) * 1953-11-30 1960-09-13 Cyril A Litzler Apparatus for controlled heating and cooling of continuous textile material
US3208158A (en) * 1963-04-09 1965-09-28 Hupp Corp Dryers
US3222895A (en) * 1961-12-01 1965-12-14 Monsanto Co Apparatus for treatment of napped fabric
US3284920A (en) * 1964-01-17 1966-11-15 Valmet Oy Apparatus for drying web material
US3313646A (en) * 1962-05-18 1967-04-11 Algemene Kunstzyde Unie N V Method and an apparatus for subjecting a film to a heat treatment, and the coated film thus treated
US3377056A (en) * 1965-09-23 1968-04-09 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Drying apparatus
US3695220A (en) * 1969-03-20 1972-10-03 Rimar Spa Apparatus for finishing textile materials and the like

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1772081A (en) * 1927-08-27 1930-08-05 Frederick W Hochstetter Process and apparatus for treating derivatives of aqueous cellulose compounds for use in photographic and its allied arts and other useful purposes
US2147293A (en) * 1936-01-06 1939-02-14 American Anode Inc Method for applying latex to deposition bases
US2952078A (en) * 1953-11-30 1960-09-13 Cyril A Litzler Apparatus for controlled heating and cooling of continuous textile material
US2889806A (en) * 1955-09-26 1959-06-09 Marcote Company Apparatus for coating fibrous sheets
US3222895A (en) * 1961-12-01 1965-12-14 Monsanto Co Apparatus for treatment of napped fabric
US3313646A (en) * 1962-05-18 1967-04-11 Algemene Kunstzyde Unie N V Method and an apparatus for subjecting a film to a heat treatment, and the coated film thus treated
US3208158A (en) * 1963-04-09 1965-09-28 Hupp Corp Dryers
US3284920A (en) * 1964-01-17 1966-11-15 Valmet Oy Apparatus for drying web material
US3377056A (en) * 1965-09-23 1968-04-09 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Drying apparatus
US3695220A (en) * 1969-03-20 1972-10-03 Rimar Spa Apparatus for finishing textile materials and the like

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4415610A (en) * 1981-05-04 1983-11-15 Polaroid Corporation Process simulator
WO1998005435A1 (en) * 1996-08-03 1998-02-12 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process and apparatus for making a photographic material
US20050214046A1 (en) * 2004-03-26 2005-09-29 Stickler Tom E Waste toner system for an image forming device
US7149467B2 (en) * 2004-03-26 2006-12-12 Lenmark International, Inc. Waste toner system for an image forming device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT996196B (it) 1975-12-10
BE805004A (nl) 1974-03-19
JPS5724499B2 (cs) 1982-05-25
DE2246798A1 (de) 1974-03-28
CH554703A (de) 1974-10-15
GB1410693A (en) 1975-10-22
JPS4993952A (cs) 1974-09-06
DE2246798B2 (de) 1976-11-25
CH554703B (de)
FR2200999A5 (cs) 1974-04-19

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