US3910239A - Opposed piston power unit - Google Patents

Opposed piston power unit Download PDF

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Publication number
US3910239A
US3910239A US478173A US47817374A US3910239A US 3910239 A US3910239 A US 3910239A US 478173 A US478173 A US 478173A US 47817374 A US47817374 A US 47817374A US 3910239 A US3910239 A US 3910239A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
piston
pistons
crankshafts
crank
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US478173A
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English (en)
Inventor
Richard James
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US478173A priority Critical patent/US3910239A/en
Priority to CA228,667A priority patent/CA1019247A/en
Priority to DE19752525521 priority patent/DE2525521A1/de
Priority to IT24210/75A priority patent/IT1038846B/it
Priority to FR7518069A priority patent/FR2273948A1/fr
Priority to GB2485275A priority patent/GB1460231A/en
Priority to JP50069213A priority patent/JPS598648B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3910239A publication Critical patent/US3910239A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C9/00—Oscillating-piston machines or engines
    • F01C9/002—Oscillating-piston machines or engines the piston oscillating around a fixed axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B73/00—Combinations of two or more engines, not otherwise provided for
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A piston power unit primarily for use as an internal Richard James, 5025 Granville St., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada combustion engine and having a single cylinder curved about a center, intake and exhaust ports at opposite ends of the cylinder, a pair of opposed pistons mov- 22 Filed: June 10, 1974 A N 47 173 able in the cylinder towards and away from each other in compression and power strokes, said pistons covering these ports during most of their strokes and suc- [52] US. 123/18 R F02B 53/00; F02B 55/00 cessively opening the ports as the pistons approach the Int.
  • crank Fleld 0f R ends of their respective power strokes, a pair of crank Fleld 0f R, A h f including intermeshing g and a p of necting rods connecting the crankshafts to the pistons.
  • the invention relates to opposed piston power units and in particular to a modification in the piston power unit of US. Pat. No. 3,338,137.
  • the piston power unit disclosed in the above numbered patent has a single cylinder curved about a centre and having inlet and exhaust ports at opposite ends, and in which a pair of opposed pistons are movable.
  • the pistons are connected through connecting rods to two different cranks of a single crankshaft, said cranks being phased so as to cause the exhaust port to be uncovered in advance of the inlet port and for both ports to be covered substantially simultaneously.
  • This arrangement allows for a blowdown period before the intake port is opened, and the closing of the ports at substantially the same time reduces or eliminates the loss of new charge fuel from the intake port through the exhaust port.
  • An engine which displays these characteristics is said to have assymetrical port timing.
  • the invention therefore provides a piston power unit comprising a cylinder curved longitudinally about a center and formed with exhaust and intake ports respectively adjacent its first and second ends thereof, first and second opposed pistons slidably fitting in said cylinder for movement towards and away from each other in compression and power strokes respectively, and so as to uncover said exhaust and intake ports respectively during their power strokes, each piston having a head at one end facing the opposed piston and journal means at the other end for journalling the end of a connecting rod, means connected to the other end of each piston constraining said piston to move about said centre when the pistons oscillate in the cylinder, first and second crankshafts for the first and second pistons and each having a crank, means operatively interconnecting said crankshafts for rotation at the same speed and in phase, and first and second connecting rods each journalled at one end to the crank of the respective crankshaft and at the other end to the journal means of the respecitve piston, said piston journal means and said cranks being arranged so that the first piston uncovers the exhaust port before the second
  • the axis of the journal means for the first piston is closer to said center of the cylinder than the axis of the journal means for the second piston.
  • the throw of the crank of the first piston can be greater than the throw of the crank of the second piston.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation of the preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional elevation of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional elevation illustrating another alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are closely related structurally, the initial part of the following description relates to both Figures, the features which differ being subsequently described.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show piston power units 1 and 2 respectively each in the form of an internal combustion engine.
  • Each unit is generally circular in form and has a casing 3 including a generally circular upper lobe 4 and an elongated lower lobe 5.
  • the ends of the casing are closed by opposed side walls 6, only one of which is shown in the drawings.
  • the upper lobe 4 of the casing is formed by a wall 7 in which cavities 8 are formed for the passage of a coolant such as water.
  • the inner wall of the wall 7 is formed with a circular inner surface 9 which curves around a fulcrum shaft 10 located centrally and extending transversely of the casing 3.
  • the ends of the shaft are rotatably supported by the walls 6 in a conventional manner (not shown).
  • a curved inner wall 11 is spaced inwardly from the inner surface 9 of the wall 7 and is concentric therewith and with the shaft 10.
  • Inner wall 11, the wall surface 9 and the end walls 6 form a cylinder 12 which is curved longitudinally about the center or longitudinal axis of shaft 10.
  • the cylinder 12 is rectangular in cross-section, but it is to be understood that it may have any desired cross-sectional shape, for example it may be circular or elliptical.
  • an intake port 13 is formed in the wall 7, whilst at the other end, an exhaust port 14 extends through the wall 7.
  • pistons 15 and 16 of the same cross-sectional shape as the cylinder 12 are slidably mounted in the cylinder for movement towards and away from each other in compression and power strokes, respectively.
  • the pistons 15 and 16 have heads 17 and 18 at adjacent ends thereof and facing each other.
  • arms 19 and 20 are fixedly secured thereto.
  • the arms 19 and 20 project inwardly and are journalled on shaft 10, a suitable low friction bearing 21 being provided for each arm.
  • Pistons 15 and 16 are adapted to oscillate in the cylinder 12, and as the cylinder is concentric with the shaft 10, the pistons oscillate around the longitudinal centre or axis of the shaft.
  • the arms 19 and 20 are fixedly secured to pistons 15 and 16 and are rotatably connected to the shaft 10, the arms constrain the pistons to move along circular paths about the centre of the shaft 10 so that there is no side thrust against the walls of the cylinder.
  • the pistons 15 and 16 are provided with one or more piston rings adjacent their respective heads in a conventional manner.
  • the lower lobe of the casing 3 constitutes a crank case having a pair of crankshafts 22 and 23 therein, the crankshafts being journalled in journals (not shown) in the end walls 6.
  • One of the crankshafts extends through an end wall to provide a drive.
  • crankshafts 22 and 23 carry gears 24 and 25 of the same size which mesh at 26.
  • the gears and crankshafts are thus constrained to rotate at the same speed in op posite directions.
  • Cranks 27 and 28 of the crankshafts 22 and 23 are connected respectively to the pistons 15 and 16 by connecting rods 29 and 30.
  • the upper ends of the connecting rods 29 and 30 are journalled or wrist pins 31 and 32 of pistons 15 and 16, respectively.
  • the crank case has an inlet connection 33 for a combustion mixture.
  • the mixture within the crank case is transferred to the cylinder 12 during each down-stroke of the pistons through a transfer passage 34 in wall '7 which extends from the crank case to intake port 13.
  • a transfer passage 34 in wall '7 which extends from the crank case to intake port 13.
  • the intake port 13 may extend directly through the wall 7 from a carburetor and supercharger combination.
  • a spark plug 35 will be provided in wall 7 substantially midway between the ends of cylinder 12, as shown, but it will be evident that in case of a compression ignition engine the plug will be omitted.
  • the axis of the wrist pin 32 is set closer to the axis of the shaft than the axis of the wrist pin 31, the spacing between axes of movement of the wrist pins being indicated at 36.
  • the cranks 27 and 28 are set in phase in their opposed directions of rotation.
  • piston 16 will move downwardly during the power stroke at a greater rate than the piston 15, thus uncovering the exhaust port 14 before piston uncovers intake port 13. A blowdown period will thus be provided for the scavenging of the cylinder before the intake port opens.
  • pistons l5 and 16 close the intake and exhaust ports at substantially the same time.
  • crank 28 of the crankshaft 23 is advanced in phase by an angle 37 relative to crank 27 of crankshaft 23.
  • the axes of the wrist pins 31 and 32 are equally spaced from the axis of the shaft 10.
  • the phasing of the crankshafts in this case achieves the earlier opening of the exhaust port 14.
  • the angle 37 has been exaggerated in FIG. 2 in order to illustrate the principle involved. In practice, the angle 37 is in the region of 3.
  • the desired movement of piston 16 is attained by making the throw of crank 28 greater than the throw of crank 27. This difference is indicated in exaggerated form by lines 40 and 41, line 40 being longer than line 41.
  • This arrangement causes piston 16 to travel further than piston 15 during each stroke so that piston 16 covers and uncovers exhaust port 14 before piston 15 respectively covers and uncovers intake port 13.
  • the axes of wrist pins 31 and 32 are equally spaced from the axis of shaft 10, as in FIG. 2.
  • a piston power unit comprising a cylinder curved longitudinally about a centre and formed with exhaust and intake ports respectively adjacent first and second ends thereof,
  • first and second opposed pistons slidably fitting in said cylinder for movement towards and away from each other in compression and power strokes respectively, and so as to uncover said exhaust and intake ports respectively during their power strokes, each piston having a head at one end facing the opposed piston and journal means at the other end for journalling the end of a connecting rod,
  • crankshafts for the first and second pistons and each having a crank, means operatively interconnecting said crank-shafts for rotation at the same speed and in phase, and
  • first and second connecting rods each journalled at one end to the crank of the respective crankshaft and at the other end to the journal means of the respective piston
  • said piston journal means and said cranks being arranged so that the first piston uncovers the exhaust port before the second piston uncovers the intake port.
  • a piston power unit comprising a cylinder curved longitudinally about a centre and formed with exhaust and intake ports respectively adjacent first and second ends thereof,
  • each piston having a head at one end facvance of the crank of the second crankshaft, and ing the opposed piston and journal means at the first and second connecting rods each journalled at other end for journalling the end of a connecting one end to the crank of the respective crankshaft rod with the axes of the journal means for said pisand at the other end to the journal means of the retons being equally spaced from said centre, 5 spective piston.
  • a piston power unit as claimed in claim 7, wherein straining said piston to move about said centre the means operatively interconnecting said first and when the pistons reciprocate in the cylinder, second crankshafts comprises intermeshing gears.
  • pistons and each having a crank, 10 said means operatively interconnecting said first and means operatively interconnecting said crankshafts second crankshafts constrain said crankshafts to rotate for rotation at the same speed, with the throw of in opposite directions. the crank of the first crankshaft being phased in ad-

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
US478173A 1974-06-10 1974-06-10 Opposed piston power unit Expired - Lifetime US3910239A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US478173A US3910239A (en) 1974-06-10 1974-06-10 Opposed piston power unit
CA228,667A CA1019247A (en) 1974-06-10 1975-06-04 Opposed piston power unit
DE19752525521 DE2525521A1 (de) 1974-06-10 1975-06-07 Schwenkkolbenmaschine mit gegenlaeufigen kolben
IT24210/75A IT1038846B (it) 1974-06-10 1975-06-10 Gruppo di servopistone contrapolsto
FR7518069A FR2273948A1 (fr) 1974-06-10 1975-06-10 Groupe-moteur a pistons opposes
GB2485275A GB1460231A (en) 1974-06-10 1975-06-10 Semi-rotary piston power unit
JP50069213A JPS598648B2 (ja) 1974-06-10 1975-06-10 タイコウピストンガタドウリヨクキカン

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US478173A US3910239A (en) 1974-06-10 1974-06-10 Opposed piston power unit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3910239A true US3910239A (en) 1975-10-07

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ID=23898830

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US478173A Expired - Lifetime US3910239A (en) 1974-06-10 1974-06-10 Opposed piston power unit

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3910239A (de)
JP (1) JPS598648B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1019247A (de)
DE (1) DE2525521A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2273948A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1460231A (de)
IT (1) IT1038846B (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994010442A1 (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-05-11 Felice Pecorari Volumetric fluid machine equipped with pistons without connecting rods
US5636561A (en) * 1992-10-30 1997-06-10 Felice Pecorari Volumetric fluid machine equipped with pistons without connecting rods
WO2000032908A1 (en) * 1997-05-31 2000-06-08 Chang Kyun Kim Reciprocating rotary piston system and pressure pump and internal combustion engine using the same
US6382143B2 (en) * 2000-05-04 2002-05-07 Eduardo Taurozzi Balanced modular pendulum mechanism
CN100398783C (zh) * 2000-03-23 2008-07-02 发动机有限公司 内燃机活塞
CN101490386A (zh) * 2006-06-08 2009-07-22 海因茨-古斯塔夫·A·赖塞尔 内燃机
WO2015194977A1 (en) * 2014-06-16 2015-12-23 Sokol Edward Internal combustion engine using liquid fuel
CN110821569A (zh) * 2019-12-23 2020-02-21 广西师范大学 一种气动发动机

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59173524A (ja) * 1983-03-22 1984-10-01 Akira Suzuki 振子形２サイクル動力装置
GB2219630B (en) * 1988-06-08 1993-02-17 Egan Michael J Variable ratio coupling.
GB2302370B (en) * 1994-11-25 1999-07-14 Thomas Joseph Carroll Oscillating piston machine

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3338137A (en) * 1965-07-26 1967-08-29 Richard James Cylindrical Moto Piston power units
US3388693A (en) * 1967-03-15 1968-06-18 James Richard Two-cycle engine with charge pump therein

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1848638A (en) * 1932-03-08 Engine drive
FR428320A (fr) * 1911-04-10 1911-08-28 Pierre Le Goaziou Nouveaux moteurs à vapeur ou à hydrocarbures, avec cylindres à deux pistons à périodes asynchrones, spécialement applicables à l'aéronautique

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3338137A (en) * 1965-07-26 1967-08-29 Richard James Cylindrical Moto Piston power units
US3388693A (en) * 1967-03-15 1968-06-18 James Richard Two-cycle engine with charge pump therein

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994010443A1 (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-05-11 Felice Pecorari Volumetric fluid machine equipped with pistons without connecting rods
US5636561A (en) * 1992-10-30 1997-06-10 Felice Pecorari Volumetric fluid machine equipped with pistons without connecting rods
WO1994010442A1 (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-05-11 Felice Pecorari Volumetric fluid machine equipped with pistons without connecting rods
WO2000032908A1 (en) * 1997-05-31 2000-06-08 Chang Kyun Kim Reciprocating rotary piston system and pressure pump and internal combustion engine using the same
CN1105225C (zh) * 1998-12-02 2003-04-09 金昌钧 往复旋转式活塞装置以及利用这种装置的压力泵和内燃机
AU738469B2 (en) * 1998-12-02 2001-09-20 Chang Kyun Kim Reciprocating rotary piston system and pressure pump and internal combustion engine using the same
US6321693B1 (en) 1998-12-02 2001-11-27 Chang Kyun Kim Reciprocating rotary piston system and pressure pump and internal combustion engine using the same
CN100398783C (zh) * 2000-03-23 2008-07-02 发动机有限公司 内燃机活塞
ES2201859A1 (es) * 2000-05-04 2004-03-16 Eduardo Taurozzi Mecanismo pendular equilibrado y modular.
US6382143B2 (en) * 2000-05-04 2002-05-07 Eduardo Taurozzi Balanced modular pendulum mechanism
CN101490386A (zh) * 2006-06-08 2009-07-22 海因茨-古斯塔夫·A·赖塞尔 内燃机
CN102619619B (zh) * 2006-06-08 2014-09-03 海因茨-古斯塔夫·A·赖塞尔 内燃机
WO2015194977A1 (en) * 2014-06-16 2015-12-23 Sokol Edward Internal combustion engine using liquid fuel
CN110821569A (zh) * 2019-12-23 2020-02-21 广西师范大学 一种气动发动机
CN110821569B (zh) * 2019-12-23 2024-04-02 广西师范大学 一种气动发动机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5110205A (de) 1976-01-27
CA1019247A (en) 1977-10-18
FR2273948B1 (de) 1981-05-29
GB1460231A (en) 1976-12-31
DE2525521A1 (de) 1976-04-22
FR2273948A1 (fr) 1976-01-02
IT1038846B (it) 1979-11-30
JPS598648B2 (ja) 1984-02-25

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