US3906904A - Steam generator - Google Patents

Steam generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3906904A
US3906904A US392524A US39252473A US3906904A US 3906904 A US3906904 A US 3906904A US 392524 A US392524 A US 392524A US 39252473 A US39252473 A US 39252473A US 3906904 A US3906904 A US 3906904A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
legs
tubes
enclosure
lower portion
steam generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US392524A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Kraupa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3906904A publication Critical patent/US3906904A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/023—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers with heating tubes, for nuclear reactors as far as they are not classified, according to a specified heating fluid, in another group
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/08—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being steam

Definitions

  • a steam generator includes inverted U-shaped tubes having vertical legs and formed into two nests each having inlet and outlet groups of legs with the return portions of all of the tubes positioned in the lower portion of an enclosure having a steam outlet and in which a water separator for the generated steam is positioned above the tube return portions.
  • the tube sheet serves to mount the tubesof the tube nest and confine the pressure of the generating: steam, and it is exposed to the heat of the coolant which is hot; and when it enters the inlet ends of the tubes, it is hotter than when it leaves their outlet ends, causing severe thermal stressing.
  • the tube sheet must be made of material that is highly corrosion resistent. The tube sheet requires drilling to form the holes in which the ends of the tubes are mounted. It follows that for these and other reasons, the manufacture of a tube sheet involves a very substantial manufacturing cost, this cost increasing disproportionately as the size of the tube sheet increases.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a steam generator of the type described, having a large capacity, but constructed in such a manner as to reduce such tube sheet expense.
  • the inverted U-shaped tubes are formed into two tube nests each having an inlet and outlet groups of the vertical legs with the return or looped portions of all of the tubes in the lower portion of an enclosure having the steam outlet and containing the water separator.
  • each tube sheet is small and therefore much less expensive than would be the single large tube sheet that would be required by the prior art design.
  • Each of these four tube sheets is provided with a separate manifold for the tubes of its group of legs.
  • each tube sheet operates at substantially the same temperature throughout its extent, avoiding non-uniform thermal'stressing, ther mal stressing being less harmful in any event because of the small size of the tube sheets.
  • each; tube sheet has below iit'a hemispherical manifoldand since each manifold functions only as an inlet or outlet manifold as the ease may be, it does'not require the partition necessitated by the prior art design requirement thatone enclosure must function both as an inlet and outle't manifold for the tube nest legs mounted in the tube sheet.
  • the enclosure above the two tube nests may be made as large as in the case of the prior'art steam generator ofcomparable capacity, providing plenty of room for the water separator which, incidentally, may comprise a number of components.
  • the steam generator has a casing section 1 contoured in a doubly bifurcated manner forming downwardly converging, approximately frustoconical connections 2 through 5, which are identical with each other.
  • the section 1 provides four identical circular openings 8 which all lie in the same plane, and at its top the section forms a large cylindrical opening 9 which is connected to a cylindrical shell 10 which, in effect, represents the corresponding portion of the prior art steam generator.
  • Four identical cylindrical casings 12 through 15 extend downwardly from the openings 2 through 5, these all being identical and each provided at its lower end with the tube sheet 16 of small size, these tube sheets all being identical.
  • the two tube nests are indicated by broken lines at 17 and 18, the tubes of the tube nests being parallel to each other and individually encased by the cylindrical casings 12 through 15, the casings in each instance having diameters only sufficient to encase the groups of legs individually.
  • the bottoms of the tube sheets 16 in each instance are enclosed by a hemispherical manifold 20 having coolant pipe connections 21 in the form of stubs which may be connected to the reactors coolant lines via short branch pipes.
  • the left hand pair of elements function as the inlet portion of the new steam generator, the coolant flow being indicated by the arrow 22, the right hand side being the outlet portion with the outlet coolant flow being indicated by the arrow 25.
  • the casings l4 and 15 on the right hand side are provided with feed water input inlets of which one is generally indicated at 150, the feed water rising in the casings l4 and 15 and flowing over into the casings 12 and 13 until a proper water level up in the large enclosure 10 is obtained.
  • the generated steam rises upwardly to the steam dome 28 formed by the part and is discharged via the steam output 29.
  • the usual water separators 27 are generally indicated by broken lines.
  • the identical small tube sheets 16 can be relatively easily manufactured and obviously at a reduced cost. the collective manufacturing cost of the four tube sheets being substantially less than would be required for a large tube sheet having, for example, the diameter of the enclosure 10. Collectively the small tube sheets weigh only 1/2 the weight of such a larger tube sheet.
  • a steam generator including inverted U-shaped tubes having return portions and vertical legs depending from said portions, casing means enclosing said legs, an enclosure having a lower portion with which said means upwardly connects and having a steam outlet, and means for conducting heating fluid through said tubes; wherein the improvement comprises said tubes being formed into two nests each having inlet and outlet groups of said legs arranged in a doubly bifurcated manner with the return portions of all of the tubes in the lower portion of said enclosure, said casing means being formed by individual casings all connecting with the enclosures said lower portion and extending downwardly therefrom and respectively encasing said groups of legs individually, a tube sheet in each of said casings, the ends of each group of legs being mounted in the tube sheet in its encasing casing separate from the others, and a separate manifold for each of said tube sheets and the tubes of its group of the legs, the enclosures said lower portion being contoured in a doubly bifurcated manner forming downwardly converging and approximately frusto-conical

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US392524A 1972-09-08 1973-08-29 Steam generator Expired - Lifetime US3906904A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2244207A DE2244207C3 (de) 1972-09-08 1972-09-08 Dampferzeuger

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3906904A true US3906904A (en) 1975-09-23

Family

ID=5855843

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US392524A Expired - Lifetime US3906904A (en) 1972-09-08 1973-08-29 Steam generator

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3906904A (hu)
JP (1) JPS4970004A (hu)
AT (1) AT342726B (hu)
BE (1) BE804537A (hu)
CH (1) CH555031A (hu)
DE (1) DE2244207C3 (hu)
ES (1) ES194780Y (hu)
FR (1) FR2203489A5 (hu)
GB (1) GB1444286A (hu)
SE (1) SE385615B (hu)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4136734A (en) * 1975-07-05 1979-01-30 Hitachi, Ltd. Feedwater heater

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8911741D0 (en) * 1989-05-22 1989-07-05 Nnc Ltd Heat exchangers

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2845906A (en) * 1956-10-23 1958-08-05 Babcock & Wilcox Co Vapor generating unit
US3251404A (en) * 1961-12-26 1966-05-17 North American Aviation Inc Liquid metal heated steam generator
US3682140A (en) * 1969-04-15 1972-08-08 Sulzer Ag Vapor generating plant

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2845906A (en) * 1956-10-23 1958-08-05 Babcock & Wilcox Co Vapor generating unit
US3251404A (en) * 1961-12-26 1966-05-17 North American Aviation Inc Liquid metal heated steam generator
US3682140A (en) * 1969-04-15 1972-08-08 Sulzer Ag Vapor generating plant

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4136734A (en) * 1975-07-05 1979-01-30 Hitachi, Ltd. Feedwater heater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE804537A (fr) 1974-01-02
SE385615B (sv) 1976-07-12
ATA753773A (de) 1977-08-15
GB1444286A (en) 1976-07-28
ES194780U (es) 1975-01-01
DE2244207A1 (de) 1974-03-28
CH555031A (de) 1974-10-15
ES194780Y (es) 1975-05-16
FR2203489A5 (hu) 1974-05-10
JPS4970004A (hu) 1974-07-06
DE2244207C3 (de) 1978-07-13
DE2244207B2 (de) 1977-12-01
AT342726B (de) 1978-04-25

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