US3904991A - Stripline directional coupler having bent coupling arms - Google Patents

Stripline directional coupler having bent coupling arms Download PDF

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Publication number
US3904991A
US3904991A US438404A US43840474A US3904991A US 3904991 A US3904991 A US 3904991A US 438404 A US438404 A US 438404A US 43840474 A US43840474 A US 43840474A US 3904991 A US3904991 A US 3904991A
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United States
Prior art keywords
strip lines
crossed
directional coupling
coupling unit
bent
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Expired - Lifetime
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US438404A
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English (en)
Inventor
Takimi Ishii
Isao Suzuki
Torao Nagai
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Toshiba Corp
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Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips
    • H01P5/185—Edge coupled lines

Definitions

  • a coupled line type directional coupler comprises a first directional coupling unit including mutually insulated first and second metal strip lines having a length of M4 which are crossed three-dimensionally at the center of the directional coupling unit and run parallel to each other, the first and second metal strip lines being bent substantially at a right angle and substantially at the center of the first directional coupling unit; and a second directional coupling unit including mutually insulated third and fourth metal strip lines having a length of M4 which are crossed threedimensionally at the center of the directional coupling unit and run parallel to each other, the third and fourth strip lines being bent substantially at the center of the second directional coupling unit, whereby the first and second directional coupling units are directly coupled in tandem.
  • This invention relates to a coupled line type directional coupler, particularly to a directional coupler for use in a microwave strip circuit.
  • a coupled line type directional coupler as shown in FIG. 1 has been used as a mixer in amicrowave receiving device.
  • the coupled line type directional coupler is provided with directional coupling units 1, 2 coupled in tandem.
  • the directional coupling unit I has a pair of strip lines 3, 4 having a length of M4 (A being the wavelength of the handled signal) which are crossed at the center of the directional coupling unit and run parallel to each other.
  • the directional coupling units 1, 2 are coupled in tandem by means of strip lines 7, 8.
  • the strip lines 7, 8 are advantageously made longer so as to prevent a mutual influence of the directional coupling units 1, 2.
  • the strip lines 7, 8 per se impart an influence to the characteristics of the coupled line type directional coupler.
  • a bulkier directional coupler results. Therefore, the length of the strip lines 7, 8 is empirically determined to be M4.
  • FIG. 4 shows in broken lines output characteristics at a port II and VSWR at a port I involved when a signal of 2.0-4.0 GHz is applied to the port I. As will be evident from this figure, an amount of attenuation of an output at the port II is below 20 dB and VSWR is l.3l .4 which indicates a poor characteristic.
  • This invention relates to a small-sized directional coupler whose characteristics are improved.
  • a directional coupling comprising a first directional coupling unit having mutually insulated first and second strip lines having a length of M4 which are crossed at one location and run parallel to each other, the first and second strip lines being bent, a second directional coupling unit having mutually insulated third and fourth strip lines having a length of M4 which are crossed at one location and run parallel to each other, the third and fourth strip lines being bent, whereby the first and second directional coupling units are directly coupled in tandem.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing a conventional coupled line type directional coupler
  • F IG. 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the principle of a coupled line type directional coupler according to this invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a directional coupler based on the principle of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the characteristics of coupled line type directional couplers based on the principle of FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the principle of another coupled line type directional coupler according to this invention.
  • a coupled line type directional coupler shown in FIG. 2 is provided with directional coupling units ll, 12 having a degree of coupling of 8.34 dB.
  • the directional coupling unit 1] has mutually insulated metal strip lines 13, 14 having a length of M4 which are threedimensionally crossed substantially at the central portion of the directional coupling unit and run parallel to each other at the remaining portion.
  • the directional coupling unit 12 has mutually insulated metal strip lines 15, 16 having a length of N4 which are threedimensionally crossed substantially at the central portion of the directional coupling unit 12 and run parallel to each other at the remaining portion.
  • the metal strip lines 13, 14 and l5, 16 are bent substantially at a right angle at the crossed central portion so that the respective both ends of the metal strip lines l3, 14 are arranged opposite to the respective both ends of the metal strip lines 15, 16.
  • One end of the metal strip line 13 is coupled directly to one end of the metal strip line 16 which is opposite to the one end of the strip line 13 and one end of the metal strip line 14 corresponding to the other end of the strip line 13 is coupled directly to one end of the metal strip line 15 corresponding to the other end of the strip line 16 so that the directional coupling units 11 and 12 are coupled in tandem to provide a directional coupler.
  • the respective other ends of the metal strip lines 13, l4, l5 and 16 are extended to form ports I, II, III and IV.
  • the metal strip lines 14 and 16 have metal strips 17 and 18, respectively.
  • the metal strip 17 spans the metal strip 13 at one location where the metal strip lines 13 and 14 are to be crossed relative to each other, while the metal strip 18 spans the metal strip 15 at one location where the metal strip lines 15 and 16 are to be crossed relative to each other.
  • the directional coupler has no coupling strip lines 7, 8 for the directional coupler shown in FIG. 1. This completely obviates disadvantages such as the bulkiness of a directional coupler, deterioration of directivity and VSWR, and so on. caused due to the presence of such coupling strip lines.
  • FIG. 3 shows one embodiment based on the principle of FIG. 2.
  • a directional coupler of the type shown in FIG. 2 is formed on an alumina substrate 21. Sections corresponding to respective metal strips l3, l4, l5, 16 are formed on an alumina substrate 21 (dielectric constant 10.5) of a chromiumgold double layer having a 0.635 mm thickness. Gold strips 17 and 18 are used to span the strip lines 13 and 15, respectively. The width of each strip line is made to be 0.380 mm and a spacing between the strip lines 13 and 14 and a spacing between the strip lines 15 and 16 are made to be 0.110 mm, respectively.
  • Respective ports I, II, III, IV are connected to coaxial plugs 22, 23, 24, 25 so as to be coupled to outer coaxial lines (not shown).
  • the substrate 21 is secured to a metal block 30 by fitting means 26, 27, 28 and 29.
  • solid lines show output characteristics at the ports II, III and IV and VSWR at the port I involved when input signal is applied to the port I of the coupled line type directional coupler.
  • An operating central frequency is 3 GHZ.
  • an amount of attenuation at the outlet of the port II is improved up to more than 20 dB and VSWR is restricted to below 1.2.
  • Such improved characteristics are attained by directly coupling the directional coupling units 11 and 12 in tandem without interposing any strip lines such as coupling strip lines 7, 8 etc. as is found in a conventional direction coupler. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the size of a directional coupler to a greater extent by bending the directional coupling unit as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the direc tional coupling units 11, 12 are bent at a right angle substantially at the center thereof.
  • the directional coupling unit may be bent at an acute or obtuse angle.
  • the directional coupling unit may be coupled in a semicircular shape as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the metal strip lines l3, l4 and l5, 16 are crossed substantially at the respective center thereof.
  • the crossed portions may be located at other than the center of the strip lines.
  • two directional coupling units are coupled in tandem, a plurality of directional coupling units may be coupled in tandem.
  • a directional coupler comprising a first directional coupling unit including mutually insulated first and second strip lines having a length of ) ⁇ /4 where A is the wavelength of the handled signal which are crossed at one portion and run parallel to each other at the remaining portion, the first and second strips being bent, a second directional coupling unit including mutually insulated third and fourth strip lines having a length of M4 which are crossed at one portion and run parallel to each other at the other portion, the third and fourth strip lines being bent so that the respective both ends of the first and second strip lines are opposite to the respective both ends of the third and fourth strip lines,
  • first and second directional coupling units being directly coupled in tandem, the first and second lines being bent substantially at a right angle and crossed at the center thereof and the third and fourth strip lines being bent substantially at a right angle and crossed at the center thereof.
  • a directional coupler comprising a first directional coupling unit including mutually insulated first and second strip lines having a length of M4 where A is the wavelength of the handled signal which are crossed at one portion and run parallel to each other at the remaining portion, the first and second strips being bent, a second directional coupling unit including mutually insulated third and fourth strip lines having a length of M4 which are crossed at one portion and run parallel to each other at the other portion, the third and fourth strip lines being bent so that the respective both ends of the first and second strip lines are opposite to the respective both ends of the third and fourth strip lines, the first and second directional coupling units being directly coupled in tandem, the first and second strip lines being bent in a semi-circular shape and crossed at the center thereof and the third and fourth strip lines being bent in a semi-circular shape and crossed at the
US438404A 1973-02-12 1974-01-31 Stripline directional coupler having bent coupling arms Expired - Lifetime US3904991A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1721273A JPS5321827B2 (fr) 1973-02-12 1973-02-12

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JP (1) JPS5321827B2 (fr)
GB (1) GB1414948A (fr)

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3980972A (en) * 1975-07-14 1976-09-14 Stanford Research Institute Proximity coupler
US4011528A (en) * 1975-07-14 1977-03-08 Stanford Research Institute Semi-lumped element coupler
US4127832A (en) * 1977-02-07 1978-11-28 Riblet Gordon P Directional coupler
FR2440627A1 (fr) * 1978-11-03 1980-05-30 Philips Nv Dispositif a guide d'ondes a ruban soutenu pour la propagation d'un mode d'onde impair
US4816784A (en) * 1988-01-19 1989-03-28 Northern Telecom Limited Balanced planar transformers
US5262740A (en) * 1992-04-09 1993-11-16 Itt Corporation Microstrip transformer apparatus
US5818307A (en) * 1997-03-11 1998-10-06 Motorola, Inc. Directional coupler having inductor crossing microstrip transmission line
US20040263281A1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2004-12-30 Podell Allen F. Coupler having an uncoupled section
US20050122185A1 (en) * 2003-12-08 2005-06-09 Podell Allen F. Bi-level coupler
US20050146394A1 (en) * 2003-12-08 2005-07-07 Werlatone, Inc. Coupler with edge and broadside coupled sections
US20060066418A1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2006-03-30 Werlatone, Inc. Multi-section coupler assembly
US20080070519A1 (en) * 2006-09-20 2008-03-20 Renesas Technology Corp. Directional coupler and rf circuit module
US20090189712A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Xin Jiang Spiral Coupler
RU2447547C1 (ru) * 2011-02-15 2012-04-10 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Ростовский-на-Дону научно-исследовательский институт радиосвязи" (ФГУП "РНИИРС") Квадратурный направленный ответвитель
WO2013017397A1 (fr) * 2011-08-04 2013-02-07 Endress+Hauser Gmbh+Co. Kg Coupleur directif séparé de manière galvanique
CN103367314A (zh) * 2012-08-31 2013-10-23 日月光半导体制造股份有限公司 半导体变压器
US20150109069A1 (en) * 2013-10-22 2015-04-23 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Directional coupler
US20150293304A1 (en) * 2014-04-15 2015-10-15 Gatesair, Inc. Directional coupler system
EP2984702A4 (fr) * 2013-04-12 2016-12-28 Skyworks Solutions Inc Coupleur directif radiofréquence miniature pour applications cellulaires
US20170098501A1 (en) * 2014-05-05 2017-04-06 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. 2D and 3D inductors antenna and trausformers fabricating photoactive substrates
US10854946B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2020-12-01 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Coupled transmission line resonate RF filter
US10903545B2 (en) 2018-05-29 2021-01-26 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Method of making a mechanically stabilized radio frequency transmission line device
US11076489B2 (en) 2018-04-10 2021-07-27 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. RF integrated power condition capacitor
US11101532B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2021-08-24 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. RF circulator
US11139582B2 (en) 2018-09-17 2021-10-05 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. High efficiency compact slotted antenna with a ground plane
US11161773B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2021-11-02 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Methods of fabricating photosensitive substrates suitable for optical coupler
US11264167B2 (en) 2016-02-25 2022-03-01 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. 3D capacitor and capacitor array fabricating photoactive substrates
US11270843B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2022-03-08 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Annular capacitor RF, microwave and MM wave systems
US11342896B2 (en) 2017-07-07 2022-05-24 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. 2D and 3D RF lumped element devices for RF system in a package photoactive glass substrates
US11373908B2 (en) 2019-04-18 2022-06-28 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. High efficiency die dicing and release
US11594457B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2023-02-28 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Heterogenous integration for RF, microwave and MM wave systems in photoactive glass substrates
US11677373B2 (en) 2018-01-04 2023-06-13 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Impedence matching conductive structure for high efficiency RF circuits
US11908617B2 (en) 2020-04-17 2024-02-20 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Broadband induction
US11962057B2 (en) 2019-04-05 2024-04-16 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Glass based empty substrate integrated waveguide devices

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JPS535946A (en) * 1976-07-06 1978-01-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Coaxial transmission unit

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US3167727A (en) * 1961-03-09 1965-01-26 Boeing Co Microwave zig-zag line couplers
US3737810A (en) * 1969-05-05 1973-06-05 Radiation Systems Inc Wideband tem components

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US3167727A (en) * 1961-03-09 1965-01-26 Boeing Co Microwave zig-zag line couplers
US3737810A (en) * 1969-05-05 1973-06-05 Radiation Systems Inc Wideband tem components

Cited By (57)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3980972A (en) * 1975-07-14 1976-09-14 Stanford Research Institute Proximity coupler
US4011528A (en) * 1975-07-14 1977-03-08 Stanford Research Institute Semi-lumped element coupler
US4127832A (en) * 1977-02-07 1978-11-28 Riblet Gordon P Directional coupler
FR2440627A1 (fr) * 1978-11-03 1980-05-30 Philips Nv Dispositif a guide d'ondes a ruban soutenu pour la propagation d'un mode d'onde impair
US4816784A (en) * 1988-01-19 1989-03-28 Northern Telecom Limited Balanced planar transformers
US5262740A (en) * 1992-04-09 1993-11-16 Itt Corporation Microstrip transformer apparatus
US5818307A (en) * 1997-03-11 1998-10-06 Motorola, Inc. Directional coupler having inductor crossing microstrip transmission line
US20070159268A1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2007-07-12 Werlatone, Inc. Multi-section coupler assembly
US20060066418A1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2006-03-30 Werlatone, Inc. Multi-section coupler assembly
US20040263281A1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2004-12-30 Podell Allen F. Coupler having an uncoupled section
US7345557B2 (en) 2003-06-25 2008-03-18 Werlatone, Inc. Multi-section coupler assembly
US7190240B2 (en) 2003-06-25 2007-03-13 Werlatone, Inc. Multi-section coupler assembly
US7132906B2 (en) 2003-06-25 2006-11-07 Werlatone, Inc. Coupler having an uncoupled section
US6972639B2 (en) 2003-12-08 2005-12-06 Werlatone, Inc. Bi-level coupler
US20050146394A1 (en) * 2003-12-08 2005-07-07 Werlatone, Inc. Coupler with edge and broadside coupled sections
US20050122185A1 (en) * 2003-12-08 2005-06-09 Podell Allen F. Bi-level coupler
US7138887B2 (en) 2003-12-08 2006-11-21 Werlatone, Inc. Coupler with lateral extension
US20050156686A1 (en) * 2003-12-08 2005-07-21 Werlatone, Inc. Coupler with lateral extension
US20050122186A1 (en) * 2003-12-08 2005-06-09 Podell Allen F. Phase inverter and coupler assembly
US7245192B2 (en) 2003-12-08 2007-07-17 Werlatone, Inc. Coupler with edge and broadside coupled sections
US7042309B2 (en) 2003-12-08 2006-05-09 Werlatone, Inc. Phase inverter and coupler assembly
US20080070519A1 (en) * 2006-09-20 2008-03-20 Renesas Technology Corp. Directional coupler and rf circuit module
US8249544B2 (en) * 2006-09-20 2012-08-21 Renesas Electronics Corporation Directional coupler and RF circuit module
US20090189712A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Xin Jiang Spiral Coupler
US7714679B2 (en) * 2008-01-29 2010-05-11 Hittite Microwave Corporation Spiral coupler
TWI409987B (zh) * 2008-01-29 2013-09-21 Hittite Microwave Corp 改良式螺旋耦合器
RU2447547C1 (ru) * 2011-02-15 2012-04-10 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Ростовский-на-Дону научно-исследовательский институт радиосвязи" (ФГУП "РНИИРС") Квадратурный направленный ответвитель
US20140285283A1 (en) * 2011-08-04 2014-09-25 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Galvanically Isolated, Directional Coupler
WO2013017397A1 (fr) * 2011-08-04 2013-02-07 Endress+Hauser Gmbh+Co. Kg Coupleur directif séparé de manière galvanique
US9413053B2 (en) * 2011-08-04 2016-08-09 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Galvanically isolated, directional coupler
CN103367314B (zh) * 2012-08-31 2017-01-18 日月光半导体制造股份有限公司 半导体变压器
US8963671B2 (en) * 2012-08-31 2015-02-24 Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc. Semiconductor transformer device and method for manufacturing the same
CN103367314A (zh) * 2012-08-31 2013-10-23 日月光半导体制造股份有限公司 半导体变压器
EP2984702A4 (fr) * 2013-04-12 2016-12-28 Skyworks Solutions Inc Coupleur directif radiofréquence miniature pour applications cellulaires
US20150109069A1 (en) * 2013-10-22 2015-04-23 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Directional coupler
US9543632B2 (en) * 2013-10-22 2017-01-10 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Directional coupler
US20150293304A1 (en) * 2014-04-15 2015-10-15 Gatesair, Inc. Directional coupler system
US9570793B2 (en) * 2014-04-15 2017-02-14 Gatesair, Inc. Directional coupler system
US20170098501A1 (en) * 2014-05-05 2017-04-06 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. 2D and 3D inductors antenna and trausformers fabricating photoactive substrates
US10665377B2 (en) * 2014-05-05 2020-05-26 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. 2D and 3D inductors antenna and transformers fabricating photoactive substrates
US11929199B2 (en) 2014-05-05 2024-03-12 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. 2D and 3D inductors fabricating photoactive substrates
US11264167B2 (en) 2016-02-25 2022-03-01 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. 3D capacitor and capacitor array fabricating photoactive substrates
US11161773B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2021-11-02 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Methods of fabricating photosensitive substrates suitable for optical coupler
US11101532B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2021-08-24 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. RF circulator
US11342896B2 (en) 2017-07-07 2022-05-24 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. 2D and 3D RF lumped element devices for RF system in a package photoactive glass substrates
US11367939B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2022-06-21 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Coupled transmission line resonate RF filter
US11894594B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2024-02-06 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Coupled transmission line resonate RF filter
US10854946B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2020-12-01 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Coupled transmission line resonate RF filter
US11677373B2 (en) 2018-01-04 2023-06-13 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Impedence matching conductive structure for high efficiency RF circuits
US11076489B2 (en) 2018-04-10 2021-07-27 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. RF integrated power condition capacitor
US10903545B2 (en) 2018-05-29 2021-01-26 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Method of making a mechanically stabilized radio frequency transmission line device
US11139582B2 (en) 2018-09-17 2021-10-05 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. High efficiency compact slotted antenna with a ground plane
US11270843B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2022-03-08 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Annular capacitor RF, microwave and MM wave systems
US11594457B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2023-02-28 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Heterogenous integration for RF, microwave and MM wave systems in photoactive glass substrates
US11962057B2 (en) 2019-04-05 2024-04-16 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Glass based empty substrate integrated waveguide devices
US11373908B2 (en) 2019-04-18 2022-06-28 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. High efficiency die dicing and release
US11908617B2 (en) 2020-04-17 2024-02-20 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Broadband induction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1414948A (en) 1975-11-19
JPS49106754A (fr) 1974-10-09
JPS5321827B2 (fr) 1978-07-05

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