US3904404A - Rhodium and ruthenium compositions - Google Patents

Rhodium and ruthenium compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3904404A
US3904404A US539657A US53965775A US3904404A US 3904404 A US3904404 A US 3904404A US 539657 A US539657 A US 539657A US 53965775 A US53965775 A US 53965775A US 3904404 A US3904404 A US 3904404A
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group
taken
compositions
composition
ferromagnetic
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US539657A
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English (en)
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James Carr Suits
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International Business Machines Corp
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International Business Machines Corp
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Priority to US539657A priority Critical patent/US3904404A/en
Priority to GB3548375A priority patent/GB1450889A/en
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Publication of US3904404A publication Critical patent/US3904404A/en
Priority to DE19752551098 priority patent/DE2551098A1/de
Priority to FR7537215A priority patent/FR2297256A1/fr
Priority to JP51001673A priority patent/JPS5195924A/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal

Definitions

  • Ferromagnetic materials are broadly old and many such compositions are known. Many of these ferromagnetic compositions have one or more inferior properties. For example, many of these compositions do not have a sufficiently high Curie temperature, a high enough saturation magnetization value or are not sufficiently resistant to corrosion.
  • Ferromagnetic materials used in inductive magnetic recording devices generally have a relatively high Curie temperature of 200C or higher.
  • the Curie temperature of the materials used in beam addressable recording devices generally is between 100C and 200C. It is understood that the Curie temperature required for any given application is interdependent upon other material parameters as well as the device design.
  • compositions having the general formula R MnX and RMnX where R is Pt, Rh, Ir, Ru, or Os and X is Al, Ga, Ge, In, Sb, Si or Sn are described in the Journal of Applied Physics, 42 1336, 7 (1971). Some of these manganese compositions exhibit ferromagnetic properties.
  • Ferromagnetic compositions containing Rh and Fe and a third element from the group IIlA, IVA or VA of the Periodic Table are discussed in the US. patent to Bither, U.S.'Pat. No. 3,144,324.
  • the compositions disclosed in the Bither patent have the general formula Fe Rb,,X,. where u and b are between 0.8 and 1.2. None of these prior art ferromagnetic compositions are presently being used to any significant extent.
  • compositions having the general formula R TX where R is taken from the group consisting of Rh and Ru; where T is taken from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, V, Cr and Cu; and where X is taken from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Sn and Sb.
  • Compositions particularly useful as a ferromagnetic material include those where T is taken from the group consisting of Fe, Co and Ni and where X is taken from the group consisting of Ge and Sn. A number of these compounds have a novel tetragonal structure.
  • compositions defined by the general formula R TX where R is taken from the group of Rh or Ru; T is taken from the group consisting of Fe, Co, V, Cr, Cu and Ni; and X is taken from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Sn and Sb.
  • compositions are useful as corrosion resistant materials. They are also useful to some extent as electrical conductors.
  • compositions having T taken from the group of Fe, Co and Ni and having X taken from the group of Ge and Sn are particularly useful as ferromagnetic materials.
  • One of these compositions, Rh FeGe has a Curie Temperature of 353C.
  • the Curie temperature of some of the compositions covered by this invention are set forth in the following table.
  • Rh FeSn 3 l0 Ru FeSn 300 Ru FeGe 200 'Rh CoSn l 7 l Rh NiSn 25 The magnetism of these ferromagnetic compositions varies depending upon the particular combination of metals used in the above general formula. Magnetiza tion values of the order of 30 to 50 emu/gm have been obtained with certain combinations.
  • This group of compounds has one of two structures.
  • One structure is the well known Heusler structure L2 which has a cubic lattice.
  • the other structure has not been described in the literature before. It is a tetragonal lattice with atomic positions on this lattice as in the Heusler L2 structure.
  • This new structure will be arbitrarily referred to as the D structure in this application.
  • the D structure is given by space group P4 /ncm (origin at center 2/m) with R atoms at 4e (Z 1/4) and 4b, Tatoms at 411, and X atoms at 40.
  • This notation is that used in the International Tables for Xray Crystallography, Vol. 1, Kanoch Press 1952.
  • the departure from the cubic lattice is large for the D structure.
  • the c lattice shows an elongation of 20% relative tothe a axis.
  • the Ru compositions of this invention have a L2 structure.
  • the Rh compositions may have either a D or an L2 structure depending upon the T and X constituents.
  • R TX shows specific stoichiometric amounts
  • this invention includes variations from those specific stoichiometric amounts.
  • the stoichiometric amounts may be varied for one or more of the constituents separately or in combination to obtain the desired properties.
  • the stoichiometric amount variance is limited by the requirement of maintaining the appropriate cubic or tetragonal structure, i.c., if you add too much or too little of one of the constituents you no longer have the cubic or tetragonal structure.
  • compositions described herein are prepared by mixing together the elemental powders in stoichiometric amounts, sealing the resulting mixture in the evacuated quartz ampoule, and then annealing the ampoule at elevated temperature in order to chemically react the powder to form the compound.
  • EXAMPLE 1 Elemental powders of rhodium, iron and tin in the atomic ratio Rh Fesn were mixed together and vacuum annealed at 250C for 7 hours. It was then further annealed at 700C for 6 days. The mixture was quenched by placing the ampoule in water. This product had the following properties:
  • EXAMPLE 2 Elemental powders of rhodium, cobalt, and tin in the atomicratio were mixed together, annealed at 250C for 7 hours and at 700C for 7 days. Then' it was water quenched. This sample had the following properties:
  • Ru FeGe were mixed together and annealed at 250C for 6 hours and at 800C for 5 days. It was then furnace cooled.
  • composition as described in claim 1 wherein the structure is tetragonal.
  • T is taken from the group consisting of Fe, Co and Ni.
  • a ferromagnetic composition having the general formula where R is taken from the group consisting of Rh and Ru; where T is taken from the group consisting of Fe, Co and Ni; and X is taken from the group consisting of Ge and Sn.
  • a ferromagnetic composition as described in claim 5 having the formula Rh FeGe.
  • a ferromagnetic composition as described in claim 5 having the formula Ru FeGe.
  • a ferromagnetic composition as described in claim 5 having the formula Rh FeSn.
  • a ferromagnetic composition as described in claim 5 having the formula Ru FeSn.
  • a ferromagnetic composition as described in claim 5 having the formula Rh CoSn.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
US539657A 1975-01-09 1975-01-09 Rhodium and ruthenium compositions Expired - Lifetime US3904404A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US539657A US3904404A (en) 1975-01-09 1975-01-09 Rhodium and ruthenium compositions
GB3548375A GB1450889A (en) 1975-01-09 1975-08-28 Intermetallic ferromagnetic compounds'
DE19752551098 DE2551098A1 (de) 1975-01-09 1975-11-14 Ferromagnetische stoffzusammensetzung
FR7537215A FR2297256A1 (fr) 1975-01-09 1975-12-01 Compositions a base de rhodium et de ruthenium
JP51001673A JPS5195924A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1975-01-09 1976-01-09

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US539657A US3904404A (en) 1975-01-09 1975-01-09 Rhodium and ruthenium compositions

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US3904404A true US3904404A (en) 1975-09-09

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JP (1) JPS5195924A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE2551098A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2297256A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1450889A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0732416A1 (en) * 1995-03-15 1996-09-18 National Research Institute For Metals Refractory superalloys
US6582534B2 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-06-24 General Electric Company High-temperature alloy and articles made therefrom

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1131438A (en) * 1978-07-21 1982-09-14 Tu Chen Method and alloying elements for producing high coercive force and high squareness magnetic film for magnetic recording medium
JP4906165B2 (ja) * 2007-07-31 2012-03-28 株式会社デンソー 内燃機関用のスパークプラグ

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3140942A (en) * 1962-03-05 1964-07-14 Du Pont Ferromagnetic compositions of iron, rhodium and at least one other element of atomicnumbers 21-25 and 27-30
US3140941A (en) * 1962-03-05 1964-07-14 Du Pont Ferromagnetic compositions of iron, rhodium and at least one other element of atomicnumbers 39-48 and 57-80
US3144325A (en) * 1962-05-03 1964-08-11 Du Pont Magnetic compositions containing iron, rhodium, and at least one member of the lanthanide series
US3144324A (en) * 1962-05-03 1964-08-11 Du Pont Magnetic compositions containing iron, rhodium, and selected elements from groups ii-, iii-a, iv-a, v-a and vi-a

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3140942A (en) * 1962-03-05 1964-07-14 Du Pont Ferromagnetic compositions of iron, rhodium and at least one other element of atomicnumbers 21-25 and 27-30
US3140941A (en) * 1962-03-05 1964-07-14 Du Pont Ferromagnetic compositions of iron, rhodium and at least one other element of atomicnumbers 39-48 and 57-80
US3144325A (en) * 1962-05-03 1964-08-11 Du Pont Magnetic compositions containing iron, rhodium, and at least one member of the lanthanide series
US3144324A (en) * 1962-05-03 1964-08-11 Du Pont Magnetic compositions containing iron, rhodium, and selected elements from groups ii-, iii-a, iv-a, v-a and vi-a

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0732416A1 (en) * 1995-03-15 1996-09-18 National Research Institute For Metals Refractory superalloys
US6582534B2 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-06-24 General Electric Company High-temperature alloy and articles made therefrom

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1450889A (en) 1976-09-29
JPS5195924A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1976-08-23
FR2297256A1 (fr) 1976-08-06
DE2551098A1 (de) 1976-07-15
FR2297256B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1979-02-02

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