US3902895A - Method for the treatment of fusible non-ferrous metals, particularly copper, by means of a blowing-on of reaction gases - Google Patents

Method for the treatment of fusible non-ferrous metals, particularly copper, by means of a blowing-on of reaction gases Download PDF

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Publication number
US3902895A
US3902895A US441670A US44167074A US3902895A US 3902895 A US3902895 A US 3902895A US 441670 A US441670 A US 441670A US 44167074 A US44167074 A US 44167074A US 3902895 A US3902895 A US 3902895A
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bath
jet
impression
copper
blower
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US441670A
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English (en)
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Wolfgang Wuth
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
    • C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
    • C22B15/006—Pyrometallurgy working up of molten copper, e.g. refining
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals

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  • ABSTRACT A method for the separation of companion elements of a nonferrous metal dissolved in a liquid bath, particularly in copper, through conversion of the companion elements into compounds which are insoluble in the liquid metal, includes blowing-on of reaction gases. More specifically, the reaction gases are blown on through at least one gas jet approximately perpendicularly to the essentially smooth bath surface and with such great force that the melt, rotating essentially like a torus about the blower impression located at the stagnation point of the jet together with the gas jet, results in a reaction unit with definite material transition, limited by the convection conditions of the system.
  • a substantial disadvantage of this method resides in the relatively long blowing times which result, and in that upon the introduction of the reaction gases directly into the metal bath, the nozzle openings facing or immersed in the bath become clogged over a period of time due to the solidification of the metal in the area of the nozzle openings, so that an accurate control of the duration of treatment becomes substantially impeded.
  • German patent application 1,122,090 which has been laid open for public inspection, a method is disclosed for refining raw or pig iron and other iron melts wherein oxygen-containing carburated fuel is employed, in which the oxygen-containing gases are blown on approximately perpendicularly to the surface of the bath which is covered with a relatively thick layer of a metallurgical slag, and with such velocity that the bath surface tears open at the point of incidence of the blower jet causing large quantities of metal to be sprayed into the furnace atmosphere in drop form.
  • the invention has as its primary object, in addition to avoiding the disadvantages of the known method, of shortening the blowing times upon the separation of companion elements in non-ferrous metals, particularly copper.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide reproducible material transfer conditions, and thereupon, the prerequisite for a continuous manner of processing non-ferrous metals.
  • reaction gases are blown through at least one gas stream, approximately perpendicularly to the substantially smooth surface of the bath, with a sufficiently great jet force that the blowing impression which arises at the stagnation point of the jet or stream on the surface of the bath, in the melt rotating in the manner of a torus, produces together with the gas jet, a reaction unit with definite material transition limited by the convective conditions of the system.
  • the density ofthe stream of material of the oxygcn going into the melt in the case of the oxidation with air, amounts to approximately 0.1 kgm zf
  • the gas jet consists predominately of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
  • the jet force which is achieved by means of the blower lance 8 determines the effective range of a reaction system 5.
  • melt bath of the reaction unit perpendicularly to the jet direction has a diameter of approximately 2 to 5, advantageously three, blower impression diameters 2, and the depth 9 corresponds to a value of approximately half of the melt diameter, advantageously 1.5 blower impression diameters.
  • the distance from blower jet to blower jet corresponds approximately 2 to 5 times, preferably triple, that of the blower impression diameter.
  • a predetermined impression depth 6 of the impression of the blower In order to prevent splashing of the melt, a predetermined impression depth 6 of the impression of the blower must not be exceeded. As the depth of the blower impression is increased, both with increasing force of the jet as well as through decreasing distance 7 between the nozzle aperture and the bath surface 10, the distance must be increased with increasing force of the jet, and vice versa.
  • the critical depth of impression during which the best possible convection conditions prevail in the melt, without the melt splashing, is not a specific value for every metal, but is dependent substantially on the type of the reaction being carried out. Therefore, for the oxidation of copper, a value is measured of approximately l.8 cm; during the reduction, however, only approximately 1.5 cm.
  • the measure of the splashing is limited by economical factors as, for example, Wear of the masonry, addition of operating apertures, etc. A small amount of splashing is of no importance for carrying out the method of the present invention. It is particularlyadvantageous in the method if, in accordance with the invention, the jet force and the distance of the nozzle opening from the bath surface corresponding to the reaction to be carried out (oxidation or reduction) are so adjusted that the metal bath, at the point of blower impression, does not splash.
  • Laval nozzle instead of a simple convergent nozzle has the known advantage of making possible through the disturbance-free later expansion of the jet of higher discharge speeds and, thereupon, higher jet forces under conditions otherwise the same.
  • the later expansion free from disturbance out of a Laval nozzle has the advantage of increasing the limit value of the critical jet force or decreasing the value of the critical distance; nozzle opening-bath surface.
  • the dimensions of the Laval nozzles must be adapted for this purpose to the gas pressures utilized, so that compression shocks are avoided.
  • the oxygen intake of liquid copper is so rapid with the aid of the aforementioned reaction system, that the ordinary limit value of approximately 1 percent is attained after approximately 4 minutes.
  • the oxidation of the impurities dissolved in the copper is, indeed, slower by means of the oxygen dissolved in the copper, and is, however, accelerated by means of higher oxygen content in the copper. It is, therefore, to the purpose, particularly with high requirements as to the purity of the refined copper with respect to predetermined impurities, to permit the oxygen content to increase up to just below the saturation limit.
  • the reaction of the liquid metal bath for example copper
  • the reaction gases substantially in the area of the impression point
  • the surface of the impression point is determinable, and the possibility is obtained of calculating with the aid of measured densities of material of the reaction system, the yield capability of corresponding continuous or discontinuously driven reactors.
  • the invention is to be described in detail hereinbelow.
  • the further dimensions of the furnace are, in each case, adapted to the usual technical conditions as to heat and metallurgy for the processing of the corresponding metal.
  • reaction unit by directing a gasjet approximately perpendicular to the smooth bath surface and with a force sufficient to cause upward blowing of the gases and a vertical toroidal-like rotation of the melt and directed upwardly about the blower impression located at the stagnation point of the jet which together with the gas jet effects a reaction unit with definite material transition limited by the convective conditions of the system, the reaction unit having a diameter in the range of two to five times the diameter of the blowing impression diameter and a depth of approximately half of the melting bath diameter 2.
  • the bath is copper and the gas includes oxygen, comprising the steps of: adjusting the jet force and jet-to-surface distance to prevent direct splashing of the bath on the impression point.
  • reaction unit is formed with a diameter of 3, and a depth of 1.5, times the impression diameter.
  • step of forming a reaction unit is further defined by the steps of:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US441670A 1973-02-09 1974-02-11 Method for the treatment of fusible non-ferrous metals, particularly copper, by means of a blowing-on of reaction gases Expired - Lifetime US3902895A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2306398A DE2306398C2 (de) 1973-02-09 1973-02-09 Verfahren zur Behandlung von schmelzflüssigen Nichteisenmetallen, insbesondere Kupfer, durch Aufblasen von Reaktionsgasen

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US3902895A true US3902895A (en) 1975-09-02

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US (1) US3902895A (enrdf_load_html_response)
JP (1) JPS5725623B2 (enrdf_load_html_response)
BE (1) BE810577A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE2306398C2 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1457175A (enrdf_load_html_response)
HU (1) HU167695B (enrdf_load_html_response)
PL (1) PL90781B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
RO (1) RO67583A (enrdf_load_html_response)
YU (1) YU39650B (enrdf_load_html_response)
ZM (1) ZM1174A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4127408A (en) * 1975-05-22 1978-11-28 Klockner Humboldt Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Method for the continuous refinement of contaminated copper in the molten phase
US4210441A (en) * 1976-10-06 1980-07-01 Wolfgang Wuth Method for the continuous or discontinuous treatment of molten slag, particularly with contents of heavy metal oxides, for the recovery of portions contained therein of valuable metals or their combinations, respectively
US4283045A (en) * 1977-10-24 1981-08-11 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag Apparatus for the continuous recovery of tin from iron rich concentrates
US4405366A (en) * 1979-06-20 1983-09-20 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag Method and device for generating a convective reaction system between a reaction agent and a molten bath
WO2011103132A1 (en) * 2010-02-16 2011-08-25 Praxair Technology, Inc. Copper anode refining system and method
US9926841B2 (en) * 2013-01-23 2018-03-27 Borgwarner Inc. Acoustic measuring device
US20230349025A1 (en) * 2020-05-14 2023-11-02 Sms Group Gmbh Gas injection device

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE427047B (sv) * 1976-06-17 1983-02-28 Gnii Tsvetny Forfarande och ugn for behandling av inom icke-jern-metallindustri erhallenslagg med kolhaltigt reduktionsmedel
DE2834173C2 (de) * 1978-08-04 1986-02-13 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Behandlung von schmelzflüssigen schwefelhaltigen Schlacken
FI64190C (fi) * 1979-06-20 1983-10-10 Outokumpu Oy Foerfarande foer oxidering av smaelt jaernfattig metallsten til raometall
JPS60261407A (ja) * 1984-06-11 1985-12-24 榊原産業株式会社 傘

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3395908A (en) * 1965-10-24 1968-08-06 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Hot metal level detector
US3459415A (en) * 1965-10-15 1969-08-05 Vyskumny Ustav Kovu Panenske B Apparatus for the continuous production of converter copper
US3519259A (en) * 1968-05-06 1970-07-07 Union Carbide Corp Furnace jet devices
US3525509A (en) * 1967-04-07 1970-08-25 Berry Metal Co Injection lance with a nozzle adapted for above the bath operation
US3527449A (en) * 1965-11-22 1970-09-08 Conzinc Riotinto Ltd Reverberatory smelting of copper concentrates
US3582057A (en) * 1967-12-20 1971-06-01 Kennecott Copper Corp Oxygen lance
US3666440A (en) * 1970-03-13 1972-05-30 Mitsubishi Metal Mining Co Ltd Method of recovering copper from slag
US3690634A (en) * 1969-09-11 1972-09-12 Ryosuke Enya Device for making molten metal for casting
US3743263A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-07-03 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for refining molten aluminum

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3459415A (en) * 1965-10-15 1969-08-05 Vyskumny Ustav Kovu Panenske B Apparatus for the continuous production of converter copper
US3395908A (en) * 1965-10-24 1968-08-06 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Hot metal level detector
US3527449A (en) * 1965-11-22 1970-09-08 Conzinc Riotinto Ltd Reverberatory smelting of copper concentrates
US3525509A (en) * 1967-04-07 1970-08-25 Berry Metal Co Injection lance with a nozzle adapted for above the bath operation
US3582057A (en) * 1967-12-20 1971-06-01 Kennecott Copper Corp Oxygen lance
US3519259A (en) * 1968-05-06 1970-07-07 Union Carbide Corp Furnace jet devices
US3690634A (en) * 1969-09-11 1972-09-12 Ryosuke Enya Device for making molten metal for casting
US3666440A (en) * 1970-03-13 1972-05-30 Mitsubishi Metal Mining Co Ltd Method of recovering copper from slag
US3743263A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-07-03 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for refining molten aluminum

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4127408A (en) * 1975-05-22 1978-11-28 Klockner Humboldt Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Method for the continuous refinement of contaminated copper in the molten phase
US4210441A (en) * 1976-10-06 1980-07-01 Wolfgang Wuth Method for the continuous or discontinuous treatment of molten slag, particularly with contents of heavy metal oxides, for the recovery of portions contained therein of valuable metals or their combinations, respectively
US4283045A (en) * 1977-10-24 1981-08-11 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag Apparatus for the continuous recovery of tin from iron rich concentrates
US4405366A (en) * 1979-06-20 1983-09-20 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag Method and device for generating a convective reaction system between a reaction agent and a molten bath
US4494736A (en) * 1979-06-20 1985-01-22 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag Device for generating a convective reaction system between a reaction agent and a molten bath
WO2011103132A1 (en) * 2010-02-16 2011-08-25 Praxair Technology, Inc. Copper anode refining system and method
JP2013519796A (ja) * 2010-02-16 2013-05-30 プラクスエア・テクノロジー・インコーポレイテッド 銅陽極精錬システム及び方法
US8623114B2 (en) 2010-02-16 2014-01-07 Praxair Technology, Inc. Copper anode refining system and method
US9926841B2 (en) * 2013-01-23 2018-03-27 Borgwarner Inc. Acoustic measuring device
US20230349025A1 (en) * 2020-05-14 2023-11-02 Sms Group Gmbh Gas injection device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2306398C2 (de) 1975-10-09
DE2306398B1 (de) 1975-03-06
YU32874A (en) 1982-02-28
PL90781B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1977-01-31
HU167695B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1975-11-28
RO67583A (ro) 1981-11-24
DE2306398A1 (de) 1974-08-29
ZM1174A1 (en) 1974-12-20
YU39650B (en) 1985-03-20
JPS5725623B2 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1982-05-31
GB1457175A (en) 1976-12-01
BE810577A (fr) 1974-05-29
JPS49112824A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-10-28

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