US3902286A - Grinding wheel guard with energy absorbing apparatus - Google Patents

Grinding wheel guard with energy absorbing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3902286A
US3902286A US502005A US50200574A US3902286A US 3902286 A US3902286 A US 3902286A US 502005 A US502005 A US 502005A US 50200574 A US50200574 A US 50200574A US 3902286 A US3902286 A US 3902286A
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grinding wheel
grinding
wheel
extruder
wheelguard
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US502005A
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Charles Bernard Matson
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Milacron Inc
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Milacron Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
    • B24B55/04—Protective covers for the grinding wheel

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A grinding wheel energy absorbing apparatus wherein a grinding machine wheelhead carries both a grinding wheel within a grinding wheelguard and the grinding machine base is fitted with a rail and the grinding machine wheelguard is fitted with an extruder plate having uniquely configured extruder holes therethrough, and an extrudable jerk block is disposed between the rail and the extruder plate, such that during the grinding wheel breakage, relative movement of the wheelguard to the machine base causes the extrudable jerk block to be forced through the extruder plate and energy is thereby absorbed.
  • a polyurethane foam liner molded to the circumference of a grinding wheel, has been secured within a metal grinding wheelguard and comprises a closed cell frangible element which will deform upon impact of a grinding wheel fragment and thus absorb kinetic energy of the moving body.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an easily manufactured and easily applied device for absorbing the kinetic energy of a broken grinding wheel.
  • Another object of the within invention is to provide a device which is capable of absorbing high energy levels of a broken grinding wheel.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which may be easily varied as to its capability or absorbing forces over a given period of time.
  • This invention relates to grinding machines having a rotatably mounted grinding wheel capable of generating relatively high kinetic energy.
  • a wheelhead is carried on the grinding machine which carries a rotatably mounted grinding wheel within a grinding wheelguard, and a catch rail is provided on the base of the machine while an extruder plate is secured to the machine wheelguard and has therein specially configured extruding holes.
  • a block made of extrudable material, such as lead or any other readily extrudable material, is interposed between the stationary catch rail on the base and the extruder plate on the wheelguard.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a grinding machine wheelguard and energy absorbing assembly.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged section taken through a grinding wheel energy absorbing apparatus along the line 22 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a section taken through a grinding wheel energy absorbing apparatus illustrating extrudable material, extruder plate, and stationary rail, taken along the line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a side elevation of a grinding machine wheel and wheelguard at a position just after wheel breakage.
  • FIG. 5 is a section through a grinding wheel energy absorbing apparatus of FIG. 2 at a point just after wheel breakage.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates successive stages of extrusion of extrudable material through a specially configured orificc.
  • FIG. 1 discloses a side elevation of a grinding machine wheelguard assembly 10.
  • a wheelhead 11 is slidably maintained on ways 12 on the machine base 13 to advance and retract the wheelhead 11 when performing grinding operations.
  • a grinding wheel 14 is rotatably carried in the wheelhead and possesses a relatively high degree of kinetic energy due to its rotating mass.
  • the wheelguard assembly 10 is carried on the wheelhead 11 by bolts 15 in clearance holes 16 so the wheelguard may rotate relative to the wheel center.
  • the wheelguard 17 provides a shroud for enclosing the majority of the periphery 18 of the grinding wheel 14, and the assembly 10 has located within it a polyurethane foam liner 19 such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,571,983 of Stewart, et al which provides a frangible element capable of being crushed and thereby absorbing energy of broken wheel fragments.
  • a base member 20 carries wheelhead 11 in the slidable vector on ways 12.
  • An energy absorbing device .21 having the basic elements comprising a catch rail 22 secured to the base member 13 between the wheelguard 17 and the base member 13; an extruder plate 23 secured to the wheelguard l7 and extending between the wheelguard 17 and the base member 13; and ajerk block 24 situated on the extruder plate 23 between the extruder plate 23 and the catch rail 22.
  • FIG. 3 is a section through the energy absorbing device 21 depicting the catch rail 22, extruder plate 23, and jerk block 24.
  • the catch rail 22 comprises a rigid bar structure secured by screws 25 to base member 13.
  • the extruder plate 23 comprises a plate structure having a plurality of compartments 26 formed along its plate surface 27 by a plurality of ribs, or gussets" 28, and orifices 29 are provided through the floor surfaces 30 of the compartments 26.
  • the gussets 28 add strength to the plate 23 and further provide side support to the jerk block 24 contained with the compartment 26 so that when an extrusion process has begun,
  • the jerk block material 31 will be channeled into the extruder orifices 29.
  • the orifices 29 shown are conical holes, which will give a non-linear energy absorbtion characteristic in the early stages of extrusion, but the orifices 29 may be configured to any shape desired or to any number needed, to otherwise vary the energy absorption capabilities.
  • the jerk block 24, comprised of extrudable material, such as lead for example, rests on the floors 30 of r the compartments 26 and is designed to touch the catch rail '22 in its normal, uncxtrudcd state. Clearance reliefs 32 have been provided in the jerk block 24 to straddle the gussets 28 of the extruder plate 23, and the material'31 may be manufactured as one unit as shown, or shaped into discrete jerk blocks 24 for each compartment 26.
  • the section shown in FIG. 2 illustrates the catch rail 22 and one of its respective clamping screws securing it to the base member 13.
  • the extruder plate 23 is shown fused at several points 40 to the machine wheelguard 17, but it may be secured to the wheelguard 17 by any other conventional means desired.
  • the jerk block 24 is shown resting on the floor of the extruder plate compartment 26 and the gusset 28 and clearance relief 32 in the jerk block 24 is illustrated.
  • the top surface 33 of the jerk block 24 is beveled off at a slope corresponding to a surface 34 on the catch rail 22 to assist in capturing the jerk block 24 when relative movement is begun by the extruder plate 23 towards thecatch rail 22.
  • the assembly 10- depicted assumes that the wheel 14 is traveling in a counterclockwise direction when the energy absorbing device 21 is applied as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the energy absorbing device 21 may be applied to any structure which has the device 21 mounted in such a manner that the extruder plate 23 moves toward the catchrail 22' when a wheel breakage occurs.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the assembly of FIG. 1 just after wheel breakage has begun.
  • the high energy wheel fragments 35 are shown imbedded in the polyurethane liner l9 and further are shown to have caused the wheelguard 17 to rotate about the wheel spindle axis 36 relative to the wheclhead 11.
  • This relative rotational movement of the wheelguard 11 causes a lifting of the extruder plate 23 towards the catch rail 22 which is prevented from movement in the vertical direction by the base member 13.
  • the jerk block 24 has been deformed at several points 37 and has a portion 38 cxtr 'udcd through plate orifice 29.
  • FIG. 5 depicts an enlarged view of the energy absorbing device 21 just after wheel breakage, illustrating that the extruder plate 23 has moved up towards the catch rail 22 and the jerk block 24 has been deformed at certain points 37 and has a portion 38 extruded through the extruder plate orifice 29.
  • FIG. 6 Successive stages of extrusion of the jerk block material 31 through the extruder plate orifice 29 are shown in FIG. 6 at various points in time.
  • the tapered orifice 29 chosen for this example requires variable forces over uniform time increments to push the extrudable material 31 through the successively decreasing diameter of the orifice 29 until the extrudable material 31 has passed entirely through the extruder plate 23. Thereafter, the force remains constant since it is seen that the extruded portion slug 38, extending below the extruder plate 23 has a constant shaped diameter and has reached a steady state energy absorbing mode.
  • an apparatus for absorbing energy of a grinding wheel comprising:
  • an extruder plate secured to the machine wheel guard and adapted for movement with said wheel guard relative to said catch rail, wherein said extruder plate has a generally rectangular shape of plate surface, with a plurality of compartments serially formed along its surface by gussets, and further wherein the floors of said compartments have a plurality of extruder orifices therethrough;
  • a jerk block comprised of extrudable material and received between said catch rail and said extruder plate.
  • said jerk block is of a rectangular length profile, having a generally square crosssection, and further, having a plurality of transverse reliefs along its length corresponding to the spacing of said gussets so that non-relieved areas of said jerk block may engage said compartment floors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)

Abstract

A grinding wheel energy absorbing apparatus wherein a grinding machine wheelhead carries both a grinding wheel within a grinding wheelguard and the grinding machine base is fitted with a rail and the grinding machine wheelguard is fitted with an extruder plate having uniquely configured extruder holes therethrough, and an extrudable jerk block is disposed between the rail and the extruder plate, such that during the grinding wheel breakage, relative movement of the wheelguard to the machine base causes the extrudable jerk block to be forced through the extruder plate and energy is thereby absorbed.

Description

United States Patent Matson Sept. 2, 1975 GRINDING WHEEL GUARD WITH ENERGY ABSORBING APPARATUS [75] Inventor: Charles Bernard Matson,
Cincinnati, Ohio [73] Assignee: Cincinnati Milacron, Inc.,
Cincinnati, Ohio [22] Filed: Aug. 30, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 502,005
[52] US. Cl 51/269; 51/269 [51] Int. Cl. B24B 55/04 [58] Field of Search 51/268, 269; 144/251 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,571,983 3/1971 Stewart 51/269 3,690,074 9/1972 Mrugala 51/269 3,694,971 10/1972 Renner 51/269 X Primary Examiner-A1 Lawrence Smith Assistant ExaminerNicholas P. Godici [57] ABSTRACT A grinding wheel energy absorbing apparatus wherein a grinding machine wheelhead carries both a grinding wheel within a grinding wheelguard and the grinding machine base is fitted with a rail and the grinding machine wheelguard is fitted with an extruder plate having uniquely configured extruder holes therethrough, and an extrudable jerk block is disposed between the rail and the extruder plate, such that during the grinding wheel breakage, relative movement of the wheelguard to the machine base causes the extrudable jerk block to be forced through the extruder plate and energy is thereby absorbed.
2 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures GRINDING WHEEL GUARD WITH ENERGY ABSORBING APPARATUS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the art of grinding machines, increasing energy levels have been reached by the grinding wheels for the high speed production of parts. It has become impera tive, therefore, to find new and better ways to control the high energy fragments created when a grinding wheel breaks. Initially, only metal grinding wheelguards were provided around a grinding wheel to contain broken wheel fragments. In time, however, as energy levels increased, wheel fragments have obtained greater mobility during a wheel breakage and have made their way out of the openings which exist in a wheelguard. Also, wheel fragments tend to react against, and ricochet from, the rigid structure of the wheelguard. It, therefore, became preeminent to develop means for absorbing the energy which exists in the discrete wheel fragments of a broken wheel assembly and one such prior art device, which has proved extremely useful, is that of the guard system of US. Pat. No. 3,571,983 of Stewart et al, assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
In the Stewart patent a polyurethane foam liner, molded to the circumference of a grinding wheel, has been secured within a metal grinding wheelguard and comprises a closed cell frangible element which will deform upon impact of a grinding wheel fragment and thus absorb kinetic energy of the moving body.
The principle applied in the Stewart patent of entrapping the wheel fragments in crushed foam liners has proved to bev a very useful energy absorbing device. However, it does have to be custom-molded to a given wheel size and thus is unique to each assembly.
The desirability may be seen of having an easily manufactured, high energy absorbing device, which may generally be applied to grinders without regard to the configuration of the wheel except as to energy content. Therefore, the problems inherent in prior art devices have been obviated in a novel manner by the within invention which may be used as a sole means for absorbing kinetic energy of a brokengrinding wheel or, alternatively, may be used in conjunction with several other prior art energy absorbers.
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide an easily manufactured and easily applied device for absorbing the kinetic energy of a broken grinding wheel.
Another object of the within invention is to provide a device which is capable of absorbing high energy levels of a broken grinding wheel.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which may be easily varied as to its capability or absorbing forces over a given period of time.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to grinding machines having a rotatably mounted grinding wheel capable of generating relatively high kinetic energy.
A wheelhead is carried on the grinding machine which carries a rotatably mounted grinding wheel within a grinding wheelguard, and a catch rail is provided on the base of the machine while an extruder plate is secured to the machine wheelguard and has therein specially configured extruding holes. A block made of extrudable material, such as lead or any other readily extrudable material, is interposed between the stationary catch rail on the base and the extruder plate on the wheelguard. At the time of wheel breakage, the wheelguard undergoes movement relative to the machine wheelhead and thus causes the extrudable material to be compressed and flowed through the extruder plate holes, and the energy expended to extrude the material through the extruder plate is provided by the kinetic energy of the broken wheel fragments.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a grinding machine wheelguard and energy absorbing assembly.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged section taken through a grinding wheel energy absorbing apparatus along the line 22 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a section taken through a grinding wheel energy absorbing apparatus illustrating extrudable material, extruder plate, and stationary rail, taken along the line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a side elevation of a grinding machine wheel and wheelguard at a position just after wheel breakage.
FIG. 5 is a section through a grinding wheel energy absorbing apparatus of FIG. 2 at a point just after wheel breakage.
FIG. 6 illustrates successive stages of extrusion of extrudable material through a specially configured orificc.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 discloses a side elevation of a grinding machine wheelguard assembly 10. A wheelhead 11 is slidably maintained on ways 12 on the machine base 13 to advance and retract the wheelhead 11 when performing grinding operations. A grinding wheel 14 is rotatably carried in the wheelhead and possesses a relatively high degree of kinetic energy due to its rotating mass.
The wheelguard assembly 10 is carried on the wheelhead 11 by bolts 15 in clearance holes 16 so the wheelguard may rotate relative to the wheel center. The wheelguard 17 provides a shroud for enclosing the majority of the periphery 18 of the grinding wheel 14, and the assembly 10 has located within it a polyurethane foam liner 19 such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,571,983 of Stewart, et al which provides a frangible element capable of being crushed and thereby absorbing energy of broken wheel fragments. A base member 20 carries wheelhead 11 in the slidable vector on ways 12.
An energy absorbing device .21 is shown having the basic elements comprising a catch rail 22 secured to the base member 13 between the wheelguard 17 and the base member 13; an extruder plate 23 secured to the wheelguard l7 and extending between the wheelguard 17 and the base member 13; and ajerk block 24 situated on the extruder plate 23 between the extruder plate 23 and the catch rail 22.
FIG. 3 is a section through the energy absorbing device 21 depicting the catch rail 22, extruder plate 23, and jerk block 24. The catch rail 22 comprises a rigid bar structure secured by screws 25 to base member 13. The extruder plate 23 comprises a plate structure having a plurality of compartments 26 formed along its plate surface 27 by a plurality of ribs, or gussets" 28, and orifices 29 are provided through the floor surfaces 30 of the compartments 26. The gussets 28 add strength to the plate 23 and further provide side support to the jerk block 24 contained with the compartment 26 so that when an extrusion process has begun,
the jerk block material 31 will be channeled into the extruder orifices 29. The orifices 29 shown are conical holes, which will give a non-linear energy absorbtion characteristic in the early stages of extrusion, but the orifices 29 may be configured to any shape desired or to any number needed, to otherwise vary the energy absorption capabilities. The jerk block 24, comprised of extrudable material, such as lead for example, rests on the floors 30 of r the compartments 26 and is designed to touch the catch rail '22 in its normal, uncxtrudcd state. Clearance reliefs 32 have been provided in the jerk block 24 to straddle the gussets 28 of the extruder plate 23, and the material'31 may be manufactured as one unit as shown, or shaped into discrete jerk blocks 24 for each compartment 26.
The section shown in FIG. 2 illustrates the catch rail 22 and one of its respective clamping screws securing it to the base member 13. Further, the extruder plate 23 is shown fused at several points 40 to the machine wheelguard 17, but it may be secured to the wheelguard 17 by any other conventional means desired. The jerk block 24 is shown resting on the floor of the extruder plate compartment 26 and the gusset 28 and clearance relief 32 in the jerk block 24 is illustrated. The top surface 33 of the jerk block 24 is beveled off at a slope corresponding to a surface 34 on the catch rail 22 to assist in capturing the jerk block 24 when relative movement is begun by the extruder plate 23 towards thecatch rail 22.
The assembly 10- depicted assumes that the wheel 14 is traveling in a counterclockwise direction when the energy absorbing device 21 is applied as shown in FIG. 1. However, the energy absorbing device 21 may be applied to any structure which has the device 21 mounted in such a manner that the extruder plate 23 moves toward the catchrail 22' when a wheel breakage occurs.
FIG. 4 illustrates the assembly of FIG. 1 just after wheel breakage has begun. The high energy wheel fragments 35 are shown imbedded in the polyurethane liner l9 and further are shown to have caused the wheelguard 17 to rotate about the wheel spindle axis 36 relative to the wheclhead 11. This relative rotational movement of the wheelguard 11 causes a lifting of the extruder plate 23 towards the catch rail 22 which is prevented from movement in the vertical direction by the base member 13. The jerk block 24 has been deformed at several points 37 and has a portion 38 cxtr 'udcd through plate orifice 29.
FIG. 5 depicts an enlarged view of the energy absorbing device 21 just after wheel breakage, illustrating that the extruder plate 23 has moved up towards the catch rail 22 and the jerk block 24 has been deformed at certain points 37 and has a portion 38 extruded through the extruder plate orifice 29.
Successive stages of extrusion of the jerk block material 31 through the extruder plate orifice 29 are shown in FIG. 6 at various points in time. The tapered orifice 29 chosen for this example requires variable forces over uniform time increments to push the extrudable material 31 through the successively decreasing diameter of the orifice 29 until the extrudable material 31 has passed entirely through the extruder plate 23. Thereafter, the force remains constant since it is seen that the extruded portion slug 38, extending below the extruder plate 23 has a constant shaped diameter and has reached a steady state energy absorbing mode.
I claim:
1. In a grinding machine having a movable wheclhead wherein said wheclhead carrys both a rotatably mounted grinding wheel and a grinding wheel guard, an apparatus for absorbing energy of a grinding wheel comprising:
a. a base;
b. a catch rail secured to said base;
c. an extruder plate, secured to the machine wheel guard and adapted for movement with said wheel guard relative to said catch rail, wherein said extruder plate has a generally rectangular shape of plate surface, with a plurality of compartments serially formed along its surface by gussets, and further wherein the floors of said compartments have a plurality of extruder orifices therethrough; and
d. a jerk block, comprised of extrudable material and received between said catch rail and said extruder plate.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said jerk block is of a rectangular length profile, having a generally square crosssection, and further, having a plurality of transverse reliefs along its length corresponding to the spacing of said gussets so that non-relieved areas of said jerk block may engage said compartment floors

Claims (2)

1. In a grinding machine having a movable wheelhead wherein said wheelhead carrys both a rotatably mounted grinding wheel and a grinding wheel guard, an apparatus for absorbing energy of a grinding wheel comprising: a. a base; b. a catch rail secured to said base; c. an extruder plate, secured to the machine wheel guard and adapted for movement with said wheel guard relative to said catch rail, wherein said extruder plate has a generally rectangular shape of plate surface, with a plurality of compartments serially formed along its surface by gussets, and further wherein the floors of said compartments have a plurality of extruder orifices therethrough; and d. a jerk block, comprised of extrudable material and received between said catch rail and said extruder plate.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said jerk block is of a rectangular length pRofile, having a generally square cross section, and further, having a plurality of transverse reliefs along its length corresponding to the spacing of said gussets so that non-relieved areas of said jerk block may engage said compartment floors.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3953945A (en) * 1975-06-27 1976-05-04 The Warner & Swasey Company Grinding machine with energy absorbing breakage guard
US20090266214A1 (en) * 2007-07-30 2009-10-29 Cornelius Boeck Guard device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3571983A (en) * 1969-05-06 1971-03-23 Cincinnati Milacron Inc Guard system
US3690074A (en) * 1970-09-21 1972-09-12 Warner Swasey Co Grinding wheel guard
US3694971A (en) * 1970-08-31 1972-10-03 Cincinnati Milacron Inc Guard system for high speed grinder

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3571983A (en) * 1969-05-06 1971-03-23 Cincinnati Milacron Inc Guard system
US3694971A (en) * 1970-08-31 1972-10-03 Cincinnati Milacron Inc Guard system for high speed grinder
US3690074A (en) * 1970-09-21 1972-09-12 Warner Swasey Co Grinding wheel guard

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3953945A (en) * 1975-06-27 1976-05-04 The Warner & Swasey Company Grinding machine with energy absorbing breakage guard
US20090266214A1 (en) * 2007-07-30 2009-10-29 Cornelius Boeck Guard device
US8137164B2 (en) * 2007-07-30 2012-03-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Guard device

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