US3901156A - Safety and arming device for fuses - Google Patents

Safety and arming device for fuses Download PDF

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Publication number
US3901156A
US3901156A US432155A US43215574A US3901156A US 3901156 A US3901156 A US 3901156A US 432155 A US432155 A US 432155A US 43215574 A US43215574 A US 43215574A US 3901156 A US3901156 A US 3901156A
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United States
Prior art keywords
shutter
countershaft
safety
arming
blocking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US432155A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tore Rognmo
Tore Schou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kongsberg Gruppen ASA
Original Assignee
Kongsberg Vapenfabrikk AS
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Publication date
Application filed by Kongsberg Vapenfabrikk AS filed Critical Kongsberg Vapenfabrikk AS
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/28—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids
    • F42C15/295—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids operated by a turbine or a propeller; Mounting means therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means

Definitions

  • a safety and arming device for fuses in missiles that are to be fired or discharged in a manner leading to a shock or an acceleration comprises an annular shutter actuated by a spring seeking to rotate the shutter from a safety position to an arming position. The shutter is blocked in the safety position by a shock or acceleration safety which is released upon firing of the missile.
  • This safety also controls a blocking element extending into a peripheral groove in a countershaft extending in the axis of the annular shutter, thus blocking the countershaft against axial displacement.
  • the countershaft is releasably coupled to the shaft of a ram air driven turbine wheel and engages interior threads on a stationary annular sleeve provided between the annular shutter and the countershaft.
  • the countershaft may be rotated by the turbine wheel and thereby displaced axially.
  • the shutter is blocked also by blocking balls positioned in throughgoing apertures in the stationary sleeve and protruding into axial grooves in the inner periphery of the annular shutter.
  • the peripheral groove therein comes into alignment with the blocking balls and makes room for these balls, which are thus permitted to withdraw from the axial grooves in the shutter.
  • the present invention relates to a safetyand arming device for fuses in launchable missiles, comprising a rotatable shutter actuated by a spring tending to rotate the shutter from a safety position to an armingposition, said shutter being blocked against rotation by blocking means which are movable from their blocking position upon a rotating movement of a countershaft which is releasably coupled to the shaft of a turbine wheel driven by ram air, said shaft extending in the axial direction of the shutter.
  • this safety device is relatively complicated, and furthermore, the arming only depends on a rotation of the countershaft and a concomitant axial dis placement. In other words, only one external force is required to cause an arming. This gives an unduly small security of the fuse staying at safety until it has been fired and has passed any obstructions which may give a priming or detonating signal. Furthermore, the arm ing forces which have to be overcome, are relatively great and also increase towards the end of the arming operation, which is highly undesirable when the power for carrying out the arming operation is provided by a turbine driven by ram air.
  • shock safeties which are released due to the acceleration during firing, an axially displaceable weight being moved rearwardly in the device against a spring force when the projectile is fired or discharged. It is further known to combine such acceleration or shock safeties with a safety which is released due to the rotation of the projectile. By providing two safeties, a double security is of course achieved, since two independent forces are required to arm the fuse.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 2,805,623 discloses a safety in which the countershaft itself blocks the shutter, but is axially displaced upon rotation thereby to disengage e the shutter, which may then be rotated about an axis perpendicular to the countershaft.
  • the shaft is in turn blocked by an arming wire which is attached to a carrier plane, and which is consequently pulled away as the missile in which the fuse is mounted, falls away from the plane.
  • the patent specification is not concerned with a missile that should be launched or fired.
  • An object of the present invention is to construct a safety device which provides further security. At the same time, the device shall be simple and thereby cheap in production, but above all reliable. It should further lend itself for use in rotating as well as nonrotating, launchable projectiles or missiles.
  • this is achieved in a device which is characterized in that the countershaft is displaced axially due to its rotation, that the shutter is blocked by blocking means which are permitted to leave their blocking position as a consequence of an axial displacement of the countershaft in the axial direction of the. shutter, and that there is provided an acceleration or shock safety which in. addition to directly securing the shutter also holds a blocking element in engagement with the countershaft in order to block said shaft against axial displacement.
  • the blocking means are positioned in throughgoing apertures in a stationary sleeve between the shutter and thecountershaft and extend into axial grooves in the shutter.
  • the blocking element of the acceleration or shock safety in its blocking position may extend perpendicularly to the countershaft into a peripheral groove therein lf the blocking means are positioned rearwardly of the blocking element when viewed in the direction of displacement of the countershaft, this peripheral groove can also be used to permit displacement of the blocking means from their blocking position.
  • the device according to the invention satisfies all security requirements placed on fuses in projectiles which due to the firing or discharging are subjected to a certain acceleration and a certain aerodynamic pressure. Thus, it is also secure for non-rotating projectiles, e.g. fin-stabilized missiles. Because of its simplicity it simultaneously combines these advantages with a high reliability and functional ability, especially because the moment required at the countershaftfor the arming operation is small as well as uniform. The arming'operation requires both a shock and an aerodynamic pressure. Thus, it is not possible to arm the fuse by withdrawing an arming wire and subsequently rotating the countershaft. Furthermore, the device is exceptionally simple and cheap in production.
  • FIG. 1 is an axial section through the safety andarming device in safety position. The section is taken through the axis of an acceleration or shock safety.
  • FIG. 2 is a section along the same plane as that of FIG. 1, but illustrates the acceleration and shock safety after the occurrence of a shock which has ended the. effect of this safety.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are axial sections through the device in secured and armed condition, respectively, but along another plane than the sections of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the shown device has a housing 1, which schematically is shown as composed by a base 2, a peripheral wall 3 and a cover 4.
  • the base 2 is made with a central, sleevelike portion 5 protruding from the base through the cover 4.
  • the lower portion of the sleeve 5 is provided with threads 6 in engagement with corresponding threads 7 on a shaft 8.
  • the shaft 8 is a countershaft, the end of which is designed for being coupled to the shaft of a turbine which is operated by ram air (the air encountered by the missile in the trajectory).
  • the coupling is capable of transmitting a torque, but permits free axial movement of the countershaft 8 relatively to the turbine shaft, so that the countershaft 8 will be rotated by the turbine and thereby displaced rearwardly in the housing (downwards in the Figures) due to the threaded engagement with the housing, whereby the coupling between the countershaft 8 and the turbine shaft will be released.
  • the coupling, the turbine and the position of the safety device in a missile are not illustrated in the drawings, but as far as these aspects are concerned, reference is made to US. Pat. No. 3,435,767.
  • An annular body or so-called shutter 9 is rotatably mounted around the sleeve 5 in the housing 1.
  • the shutter contains an electric detonator 10 and a socalled delayed detonator 11 (FIG. 4).
  • the shutter 9 is biased by a torsional spring 12 seeking to rotate the shutter to the arming position shown in FIG. 4, in which the detonator 10 is armed by contact with a spring 13 and the detonator l 1 is armed due to the fact that it is positioned immediately behind a percussion point 14.
  • the shutter 9 is secured in another angular position by means of two safeties, an acceleration or shock safety shown in safety position in FIG. 1, and a further safety shown in FIG. 3, respectively.
  • the acceleration or shock safety in FIG. 1 consists of a sleevelike housing 15 and a sleeve-shaped weight 16 displaceably mounted therein.
  • the weight 16 protrudes from the sleeve 15 and into a bore 17 in a member which is secured to the housing 1 of the device, so that the weight 16 itself will positively prevent the shutter 9 from rotating to the arming position.
  • a compression spring 18 is arranged between the weight 16 and the bottom of the sleeve 15.
  • the weight 16 is secured in the illustrated safety position by means of a ball 19 which engages an aperture 20 in the sleeve 15 and an aperture 21 in the weight 16.
  • the ball 19 is kept in place in the illustrated position by a weight 22 which is positioned within the sleeve-shaped weight 16 and is normally kept in the upper end thereof by a spring 23 acting between the weight 22 and the bottom of the weight 16.
  • the weight 22 has a portion of reduced diameter permitting the ball 19 (or balls) to disengage the aperture 20 in the safety housing 15, so that the weight 16 may move axially therein.
  • the weight 16 in its safety position also keeps a blocking element 25 in the form of a cylindrical locking pin having hemispherically rounded ends in the position shown in FIG. 1, in which it extends radially through a hole in the sleeve 5.
  • the countershaft 8 Opposite the position at which the locking pin 25 extends through the sleeve 5, the countershaft 8 has a portion 26 of reduced diameter forming a peripheral groove.
  • a rearwardly facing shoulder 27 is provided on the countershaft 8, said shoulder cooperating with the locking pin 25, so that the countershaft cannot inove rearwardly in the housing 1 so long as the locking pin 25 is blocked by the weight 16 against outward movement.
  • FIG. 3 The abovementioned further or second safety or blocking of the shutter 9 is illustrated in FIG. 3 and consists of two diametrically opposed blocking means in the form of balls 28, each positioned in an aperture in the sleeve 5 and extending into axial grooves 29 in the shutter 9. The balls 28 cannot move out of the grooves 29 as long as the countershaft 8 is in the posi tion illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the operation of the safety and arming device is as follows:
  • the not shown turbine may start rotating the countershaft 8 and displace it rearwardly in the axial direction as a consequence of the engagement between the threads 6 and 7. During this operation the locking pin 25 will be radially displaced away from the shaft 8.
  • a safety and arming device for a fuse in a launchable missile which includes a housing, a turbine wheel driven by ram air, a rotatable drive shaft coupled to said turbine wheel, a rotatable countershaft releasably coupled to said drive shaft at one end thereof and axially displaceable from said drive shaft as a result of rotation thereof, a shutter disposed within said housing and rotatable about the longitudinal axis of said countershaft, and a spring which rotatably urges said shutter from a safety position to an arming position, the improvement which comprises: first means for retaining said shutter in said safety position which is responsive to acceleration of said missile for releasing said shutter; second means for retaining said shutter in said safety position which is responsive to the axial displacement of said countershaft for releasing said shutter, said countershaft having the other end thereof threadably 2.
  • said housing further comprises a stationary sleeve through which said countershaft extends, said sleeve having apertures formed therethrough in which are positioned said second retaining means, said shutter further having axial grooves formed therein for receivably engaging said second retaining means when in said safety position.
  • said preventing means is moveable perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of said countershaft, wherein said housing further includes a radial slot having two apertures into one of which extends said preventing means, and wherein said peripheral groove of said countershaft includes a cam surface of urging said preventing means radially outwardly within said slot upon the axial displacement thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
US432155A 1973-01-10 1974-01-10 Safety and arming device for fuses Expired - Lifetime US3901156A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO98/73A NO130656C (en, 2012) 1973-01-10 1973-01-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3901156A true US3901156A (en) 1975-08-26

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ID=19877367

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US432155A Expired - Lifetime US3901156A (en) 1973-01-10 1974-01-10 Safety and arming device for fuses

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3901156A (en, 2012)
JP (1) JPS5610560B2 (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE2400947C3 (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR2213479B1 (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB1415271A (en, 2012)
IL (1) IL43946A (en, 2012)
IT (1) IT1003328B (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL172006C (en, 2012)
NO (1) NO130656C (en, 2012)
SE (1) SE417247B (en, 2012)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4240351A (en) * 1978-12-18 1980-12-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Safe-arm device for directed warhead
US4449457A (en) * 1981-03-07 1984-05-22 Gebruder Junghans Gmbh Safety device for the fuzes of nonspinning or slowly spinning projectiles
US6463855B2 (en) * 2000-01-05 2002-10-15 Junghans Feinwerktechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Fuse device for a mortar shell
US20090205526A1 (en) * 2008-01-07 2009-08-20 Nexter Munitions Micro-machined or micro-engraved safety and arming device
CN106314812A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-11 贵州航天电子科技有限公司 一种惯性保险机构延时解除结构
US10337500B2 (en) 2016-08-04 2019-07-02 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Release mechanism

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2839998A (en) * 1948-01-15 1958-06-24 Rabinow Jacob Inertia and air-operated arming mechanism
US2872868A (en) * 1955-07-11 1959-02-10 Jr William J Donahue Missile nose fuze
US2926609A (en) * 1958-05-28 1960-03-01 Henry R Van Goey Gas operated safety and arming mechanism
US3435767A (en) * 1966-04-29 1969-04-01 Arne Stav Safety device for a projectile

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2839998A (en) * 1948-01-15 1958-06-24 Rabinow Jacob Inertia and air-operated arming mechanism
US2872868A (en) * 1955-07-11 1959-02-10 Jr William J Donahue Missile nose fuze
US2926609A (en) * 1958-05-28 1960-03-01 Henry R Van Goey Gas operated safety and arming mechanism
US3435767A (en) * 1966-04-29 1969-04-01 Arne Stav Safety device for a projectile

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4240351A (en) * 1978-12-18 1980-12-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Safe-arm device for directed warhead
US4449457A (en) * 1981-03-07 1984-05-22 Gebruder Junghans Gmbh Safety device for the fuzes of nonspinning or slowly spinning projectiles
US6463855B2 (en) * 2000-01-05 2002-10-15 Junghans Feinwerktechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Fuse device for a mortar shell
US20090205526A1 (en) * 2008-01-07 2009-08-20 Nexter Munitions Micro-machined or micro-engraved safety and arming device
US10337500B2 (en) 2016-08-04 2019-07-02 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Release mechanism
CN106314812A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-11 贵州航天电子科技有限公司 一种惯性保险机构延时解除结构
CN106314812B (zh) * 2016-08-31 2018-08-24 贵州航天电子科技有限公司 一种惯性保险机构延时解除结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL43946A (en) 1976-10-31
DE2400947B2 (de) 1977-11-03
DE2400947A1 (de) 1974-08-15
FR2213479A1 (en, 2012) 1974-08-02
GB1415271A (en) 1975-11-26
FR2213479B1 (en, 2012) 1979-04-13
JPS5610560B2 (en, 2012) 1981-03-09
DE2400947C3 (de) 1978-06-22
IL43946A0 (en) 1974-06-30
JPS50135900A (en, 2012) 1975-10-28
IT1003328B (it) 1976-06-10
NL172006B (nl) 1983-01-17
NO130656C (en, 2012) 1975-01-15
NO130656B (en, 2012) 1974-10-07
NL7400166A (en, 2012) 1974-07-12
NL172006C (nl) 1983-06-16
SE417247B (sv) 1981-03-02

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