US3900311A - Conversion of pig iron into steel - Google Patents

Conversion of pig iron into steel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3900311A
US3900311A US303357A US30335772A US3900311A US 3900311 A US3900311 A US 3900311A US 303357 A US303357 A US 303357A US 30335772 A US30335772 A US 30335772A US 3900311 A US3900311 A US 3900311A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
converter
tuyere
axis
oxygen
slag
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US303357A
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English (en)
Inventor
Paul Emile Nilles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre de Recherches Metallurgiques CRM ASBL
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Centre de Recherches Metallurgiques CRM ASBL
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/32—Blowing from above

Definitions

  • the axis of the tuyere is inclined towards the bottom of the converter so that the injected oxygen creates rotational movement in the molten metal so as to better distribute the oxygen throughout the melt and control the decarbonization of the converter.
  • the tuyere in the side wall is mounted at the level of the zone occupied by the slag.
  • the present invention relates to a refining process for the conversion of pig iron into steel.
  • the present invention provides a refining process in which, by means of one or more tuyeres comprising two coaxial tubes and located in the wall ofa converter, above the upper level of the hot metal, technically pure oxygen is injected into the metal bath through the central tube of the tuyeres and then a liquid and/or gaseous protective fluid is injected through the peripheral conduit of the tuyeres, the tuyeres being inclined towards the bottom of the converter.
  • the oxygen and the protective fluid may advantageously be injected through one or more such tuyeres in the wall of the converter at the level of the zone occupied by the slag, which enables the appearance of the reactive character of the slag to be accelerated.
  • the present process has the important advantage of allowing an easy distribution of the oxygen between the metal and the slag and consequently the control of thc dccarburization rate; furthermore, inclination of the tuyere enables wear of the refractories in the side wall opposite the tuyere to be avoided.
  • the diameter of the tuyere as well as the rate of flow of oxygen and protective fluid are preferably arranged to he adjustable and controllable, in order to accelerate the refining of the pig iron. particularly by helping to rapidly form a fluid reactive slag.
  • Each injection may advantageously be effected along an axis inclined towards the bottom of the converter and located in a diametrical plane of the converter, which results in producing in the metal a double rotational movement at one and the same time in a vertical plane and in a horizontal plane. which produces excellent mixing of the hot metal and thorough decarburization.
  • the injection can be carried out by means of a single tuyere, directed towards the bottom of the converter, the direction of the jet of oxygen not however passing through the axis of the converter.
  • the injection may be carried out simultaneously on different levels, namely above the level of the slag and into the slag, their direction not passing through the longitudinal axis of the converter.
  • the rotational movements imparted to the slag and metal are judiciously controlled by the arrangement of the tuyeres in the wall of the converter.
  • the tuyeres can be arranged to be orientated in the same sense in relation to the axis of the converter or in the opposed sense, whether side by side or spaced, in the wall of the converter all around its periphery.
  • pulvcrulent materials preferably slagging materials, such as for example lime
  • slagging materials such as for example lime
  • the protective fluid is advantageously composed of a gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon.
  • FIG. I is a vertical cross-section of a converter according to the instant invention.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are simplified [horizontal cross-sections of the outside wall of the converter showing two embodiments of the invention.
  • tuyere 1 has an inner tube 2 for the blowing of oxygen and this tube 2 is surrounded by a concentric tube 3 through which a cooling medium is injected.
  • This tuyere I is inserted in a side wall 4 of a converter 5 and the longitudinal axis 6 of this tuyere l is inclined towards the converter bottom with the jet of oxygen directly impinging on slag 7, molten metal 8 being underneath.
  • the angle of inclination of the tuyere is a and is the angle made by the longitudinal axis 6 of the tuyere with a horizontal plane 9 passing through a point 10 where this lontitudinal axis 6 enters the converter, when the converter is stationary with its longitudinal axis 12 in vertical position.
  • FIG. 2 shows the tuyere I with its longitudinal axis 6 inclined towards the bottom of the converter and located in the diametrical plane of the converter. Such a location results in producing in the metal a double rotational movement (arrows l3 and I4) at one and the same time. This movement also takes place in a vertical plane and in a horizontal plane because of the inclination a of the tuyere towards the metallic bath.
  • the jet of oxygen with cooling medium impinges the molten metal and produces two force components: one vertical (arrow 15. FIG. I) and one horizontal (arrow I6, FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 3 shows the tuyere I having a longitudinal axis 6 which does not intersect longitudinal axis I2 of the converter.
  • the direction of this axis 6 many he defined by a distance 17 between axis 6 and axis 12. Such a direction enables a rotational movement (arrow 18) in the metal and in the slag to be achieved.
  • a differential rotational movement between the metal and the slag may be achieved by judiciously selecting the speeds and rates of flow to different injection tuyercs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
US303357A 1971-11-03 1972-11-03 Conversion of pig iron into steel Expired - Lifetime US3900311A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE774886A BE774886A (fr) 1971-11-03 1971-11-03 Procede pour la conversion de fonte en acier.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3900311A true US3900311A (en) 1975-08-19

Family

ID=3858829

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US303357A Expired - Lifetime US3900311A (en) 1971-11-03 1972-11-03 Conversion of pig iron into steel

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3900311A (forum.php)
JP (1) JPS4853917A (forum.php)
BE (1) BE774886A (forum.php)
DE (1) DE2253272A1 (forum.php)
FR (1) FR2158573B1 (forum.php)
GB (1) GB1355605A (forum.php)
NL (1) NL7214657A (forum.php)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4065298A (en) * 1974-12-28 1977-12-27 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Steel making process by oxygen top-blown converter
US4195985A (en) * 1977-12-10 1980-04-01 Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximilianshutte Mbh. Method of improvement of the heat-balance in the refining of steel
US4518417A (en) * 1982-01-19 1985-05-21 Voest-Alpine Aktiengesellschaft Method of, and arrangement for, reducing oxide-containing fine-particle ores
US4639269A (en) * 1984-12-10 1987-01-27 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for the reducing treatment of molten metals and/or slags thereof

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1793153A (en) * 1927-07-20 1931-02-17 Electro Metallurg Co Process of making rustless iron alloys
US2855293A (en) * 1955-03-21 1958-10-07 Air Liquide Method and apparatus for treating molten metal with oxygen
US2918365A (en) * 1953-08-10 1959-12-22 Yawata Seitetsu K K Method for controlling compositions of molten pig iron and slag in a blast furnace
US3015554A (en) * 1957-04-18 1962-01-02 Rummel Roman Method and device for carrying out metallurgical processes, particularly air refining processes
US3079249A (en) * 1959-02-27 1963-02-26 Air Liquide Method for refining iron using technically pure oygen
US3330645A (en) * 1962-08-07 1967-07-11 Air Liquide Method and article for the injection of fluids into hot molten metal
US3556773A (en) * 1966-09-26 1971-01-19 Steel Co Of Wales Ltd Refining of metals
US3706549A (en) * 1968-02-24 1972-12-19 Maximilianshuette Eisenwerk Method for refining pig-iron into steel

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1194741A (fr) * 1957-04-18 1959-11-12 Procédé et dispositif pour l'exécution d'opérations métallurgiques, en particulier par affinage au vent
FR1231179A (fr) * 1959-04-09 1960-09-27 Procédé et dispositif d'affinage de la fonte

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1793153A (en) * 1927-07-20 1931-02-17 Electro Metallurg Co Process of making rustless iron alloys
US2918365A (en) * 1953-08-10 1959-12-22 Yawata Seitetsu K K Method for controlling compositions of molten pig iron and slag in a blast furnace
US2855293A (en) * 1955-03-21 1958-10-07 Air Liquide Method and apparatus for treating molten metal with oxygen
US3015554A (en) * 1957-04-18 1962-01-02 Rummel Roman Method and device for carrying out metallurgical processes, particularly air refining processes
US3079249A (en) * 1959-02-27 1963-02-26 Air Liquide Method for refining iron using technically pure oygen
US3330645A (en) * 1962-08-07 1967-07-11 Air Liquide Method and article for the injection of fluids into hot molten metal
US3556773A (en) * 1966-09-26 1971-01-19 Steel Co Of Wales Ltd Refining of metals
US3706549A (en) * 1968-02-24 1972-12-19 Maximilianshuette Eisenwerk Method for refining pig-iron into steel

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4065298A (en) * 1974-12-28 1977-12-27 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Steel making process by oxygen top-blown converter
US4195985A (en) * 1977-12-10 1980-04-01 Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximilianshutte Mbh. Method of improvement of the heat-balance in the refining of steel
US4518417A (en) * 1982-01-19 1985-05-21 Voest-Alpine Aktiengesellschaft Method of, and arrangement for, reducing oxide-containing fine-particle ores
US4639269A (en) * 1984-12-10 1987-01-27 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for the reducing treatment of molten metals and/or slags thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE774886A (fr) 1972-05-03
DE2253272A1 (de) 1973-05-10
FR2158573A1 (forum.php) 1973-06-15
GB1355605A (en) 1974-06-05
JPS4853917A (forum.php) 1973-07-28
FR2158573B1 (forum.php) 1977-01-14
NL7214657A (forum.php) 1973-05-07

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