US3899097A - Plastic closure cap for a container - Google Patents

Plastic closure cap for a container Download PDF

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Publication number
US3899097A
US3899097A US466194A US46619474A US3899097A US 3899097 A US3899097 A US 3899097A US 466194 A US466194 A US 466194A US 46619474 A US46619474 A US 46619474A US 3899097 A US3899097 A US 3899097A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cap
closure cap
nose
container
lift
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US466194A
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English (en)
Inventor
Dietmar Aichinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Albert Obrist AG
Albert Obrist and Co
Original Assignee
Albert Obrist AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Albert Obrist AG filed Critical Albert Obrist AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3899097A publication Critical patent/US3899097A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
    • B65D41/32—Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings
    • B65D41/46—Snap-on caps or cap-like covers
    • B65D41/48—Snap-on caps or cap-like covers non-metallic, e.g. made of paper or plastics
    • B65D41/485—Snap-on caps or cap-like covers non-metallic, e.g. made of paper or plastics with integral internal sealing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C08F251/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof on to cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2401/00—Tamper-indicating means
    • B65D2401/15—Tearable part of the closure
    • B65D2401/35—Vertical or axial lines of weakness
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

Definitions

  • At least one reference rupture location is provided at a [30] Fore'gn Apphcat'on Pnonty Data region in the neighborhood of the cap lift-off nose May 9, l973 Switzerland 6556/73 member region is stressed during pushing the closure cap off of the container, or such reference U.S. rupture location is provided at the cap nose [5 Int. CL2 i member itselfi Tearing of the reference rupture loca- Of Search tion indicates any possible unauthorized opening of 220/266, 268, 269 the container.
  • the regions containing the reference rupture locations form a part of the closure cap meml l References Cited her which can be removed as a unit with the cap lift- UNITED STATES PATENTS off nose.
  • the present invention relates to a new and improved construction of closure cap member for a container, especially a flask or bottle, which closure cap member is of the type comprising a cap lift-off or actuation nose member which protrudes away from the outer periphery of the body of the closure cap member.
  • closure cap can be removed from the container by pushing away the lift-off nose member with the thumb.
  • Another object of the present invention aims at a new and improved construction of closure cap for a container or the like, which closure cap is relatively simple in construction and design and equipped with means enabling the rapid and quick determination whether the container with which the cap is used has previously been opened.
  • the closure cap of this development contemplates the provision of at least one reference rupture location provided at regions of the cap in the neighborhood of the cap lift-off nose member or at the cap lift-off or removal nose member itself, and which regions are stressed during removal of the closure cap from the container. Tearing of the reference rupture location or locations indicates unauthorized opening of the container.
  • the regions containing the reference rupture locations form a part of the closure cap which can be removed as a unit together with the cap lift-off or removal nose.
  • closure caps used in conjunction with containers which house a beverage under pressure.
  • closure caps also known as crown corks
  • crown corks can possess a substantially cylindrical peripheral or marginal section which axially extends away from the floor of the cap, and at the inner periphery of which there is formed, for instance, a substantially ringshaped, elastically flexible support bead for cooperation with a bead edge at the neck or throat of the container, and a substantially cylindrical inner section which likewise'axially extends away from the cap floor, the outer periphery of which possesses a substantially ring-shaped, elastically flexible sealing bead which sealingly fits into the container throat.
  • the outer contour or shape of such sealing bead approximates ths shape of an olive.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view, partially in section, of a closure cap designed according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the closure cap depicted FIG. -l; i
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a closure cap designed according to the invention, the upper half of the illustration showing one embodiment and the lower half showing a different embodiment;
  • FIG. 4 is a side view, turned through in comparison to the showing of FIG. 1, and depicting a further modification of. closurecap acccording to the invention
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of the closure cap depicted in FIG. 4;
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 respectively illustrate plan views of still two different embodiments of closure cap designed according to the invention.
  • closure caps depicted therein possess a substantially bowlor cup-shaped configuration.
  • the sectional view appearing at the right hand portion of FIG. 1 is identical to all of the illustrated embodiments of closure caps. Accordingly, it will be seen that theclosure cap possesses a cap floor or base 1 from which axially protrudes a substantially ring-shaped cylindrical peripheral or marginal section2 and radially and further inwardly thereof a likewise substantially ringshaped cylindrical inner section 3.
  • the marginal or peripheralsection 2 is provided at the region of its free end with an inwardly protruding support bead 4, the upper profile or contour of which, as shown in FIG.
  • peripheral or marginal section 2 is reinforced at its free end by means of a substantially circular or ring-shaped encircling collar 10 and at its inside by ribs .11 which extend, from the support bead 4 to the cap edge, these ribs being substantiallyuniformly distributed along theinner peripheral wall of the cap.
  • the inner section or portion 3 has a convex curved outer contour or profile 5 defining a sealing bead and similar to the shape of an olive. As concerns the spacing of the tip or apex of the inner section 3 from the cap floor 1, the same is spaced at a lesser or at most the same distance as the support bead 4 of the outer or petipheral section 2.
  • the support bead 4 upon pressing the closure cap into the neck or throat of the container or the like, bears prior to or at least simultaneous with the sealing bead 5 against the bead edge of the container, and thus during the cap pressing-in or insertion operation the pressure exerted by the sealing bead at the inner section towards the outside upon the inner wall of the container neck or throat is supported at the outer wall of the container neck. In this way there can be avoided destruction of the container neck during insertion of the closure cap owing to too large a pressure being exerted from the inner section or portion 3 upon the container neck.
  • the closure cap is provided at the outside with a cap lift-off or removal nose 6 (FIG. 2), 6' (FIG. 3), 6" (FIG. 3), 6" (FIGS. 4 and 5), 6" (FIG. 6), and 6" (FIG. 7), which in each of the exemplary illustrated embodiments are equipped to both sides with a respective reinforcement wall 7, 7', 7", 7", 7", and 7".
  • the closure cap which owing to high frictional forces is tightly seated at the neck of the container, is deformed, particularly at the region of the cap lift-off or removal nose.
  • This behavior is beneficially utilized by arranging reference rupture locations at the region of the nose and which are constructed such that the first time the closure cap is pushed or lifted off the container by means of the cap lift-off or removal nose, such reference rupture locations tear, thereby indicating any unauthorized opening of the container or the like.
  • struts or webs 9 extend between the radial outermost corners of the nose 6 and the cap periphery, and at which struts there is formed a reference rupture location 8 neighboring each corner of the lift-off nose 6.
  • the reference rupture location also can be of course arranged at the location of the connection of the struts or webs 9 with the cap periphery or at an intermediate location of the strut length.
  • connection surfaces 9', 9" between the nose or nose member 6' or 6" and the periphery of the closure cap.
  • a broken-line illustrated reference rupture line 8' extends neighboring the reinforcement wall'7' atthe connection surface 9
  • a reference'rupture line 8" initially extends along the periphery of the closure cap at the connection surface 9" and thereafter flexes or bends-off towards the outside 1 from the radial inner corner of the reinforcement wall 7" and extends transversely through the connection surface 9", as shown.
  • reference rupture lines 8" to both sides of the cap lift-off or removal nose 6" and such reference rupture lines coincide with axially parallel jacket lines or generatrixes at the wall of the closure cap.
  • the reinforcement walls 7" are not constructed so as to extend up to the periphery of the closure cap, in order to insure for a sufficient deformation of the closure cap wall for tearing the reference rupture lines 8" during the initial lifting-off or removal of the closure cap.
  • the reference rupture lines are arranged at the nose member. itself.
  • the reference rupture line 8 extends adjacent to and along the periphery of the closure cap at the web of the nose 6" between the reinforcement walls 7", which here again extend up to the peripheral wall of the closure cap.
  • the reference rupture line 8' extends approximately in radial direction and closer to one of both reinforcement walls 7" at the web of the nose 6".

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
US466194A 1973-05-09 1974-05-02 Plastic closure cap for a container Expired - Lifetime US3899097A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH655673A CH553696A (de) 1973-05-09 1973-05-09 Verschlusskappe aus kunststoff fuer einen behaelter, insbesondere eine flasche.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3899097A true US3899097A (en) 1975-08-12

Family

ID=4311446

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US466194A Expired - Lifetime US3899097A (en) 1973-05-09 1974-05-02 Plastic closure cap for a container

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3899097A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (2) AT347279B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE814715A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH553696A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2420416A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2228682B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1460821A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1012164B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD252984S (en) 1977-07-05 1979-09-25 G. M. Tool Corporation Closure cap for a bottle or the like
US4209101A (en) * 1977-09-14 1980-06-24 Sweetheart Plastic, Inc. Tamper-proof closure and method of making same
US4216872A (en) * 1978-08-28 1980-08-12 Brickwood Holdings Proprietary Limited Tamper-proof container
US4354610A (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-10-19 Kessler Products Co., Inc. Reusable container closure cap
US4522308A (en) * 1984-01-18 1985-06-11 Sullivan James J Manually mountable tamper evident oral liquid dose viral and seal assembly
US4911316A (en) * 1989-04-27 1990-03-27 Cap Snap Co. Plastic bottle cap sealing plural neck profiles
US5697509A (en) * 1994-06-20 1997-12-16 Anchor Hocking Packaging Company Hinged tamper-evidencing closure
US5762218A (en) * 1994-10-06 1998-06-09 Franz Rossberg Plastic closure retained by snapping over bottle neck bead
US5984125A (en) * 1998-01-20 1999-11-16 Zapata Innovative Closures, Inc. Tamper evident closure for beverages
US6032827A (en) * 1998-06-25 2000-03-07 S. C. Johnson Home Storage, Inc. Container having a selectively detachable lid including a rigid tab member
US6116444A (en) * 1995-06-15 2000-09-12 Crown Cork Ag Plastic closure cap
US6257435B1 (en) 2000-01-12 2001-07-10 King Plastics, Inc. Tamper evident closure member
WO2003008288A1 (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-01-30 Pelliconi Abruzzo S.R.L. Tamperproof closing element for beverage containers
US20030178385A1 (en) * 2002-03-21 2003-09-25 Alcoa Closure Systems International Tamper-evident snap-on closure
US6789393B2 (en) 2002-02-11 2004-09-14 S.C. Johnson Home Storage, Inc. Container with pressure relief and lid and method of manufacture therefor
US20050127023A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2005-06-16 Fredy Mockli Push-off cap of plastic
US20050230342A1 (en) * 2002-07-11 2005-10-20 Enrico Folchini Tamperproof closing element for beverage containers
US20060043053A1 (en) * 2004-08-31 2006-03-02 Coy Herald Tamper-evident plug seal closure
US20060163190A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-27 Laveault Richard A Drinking spout and closure combination for a beverage container
EP1194341A4 (en) * 1998-11-02 2006-09-20 Portola Packaging Inc TEETH BAG FOR BOTTLE CAP
US20070007230A1 (en) * 2003-08-30 2007-01-11 Sang-Hoon Kim Bottle cap and a bottle with the same
US20110000930A1 (en) * 2007-11-16 2011-01-06 Airsec S.A.S. Container
US20110073610A1 (en) * 2009-03-05 2011-03-31 Jean-Pierre Giraud Two-shell and two-drawer containers
US20120187126A1 (en) * 2009-08-31 2012-07-26 Chaim Shemesh Reusable tamper-evident cover that protects beverage containers' drinking area, also once that area is re-covered
US8528778B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2013-09-10 Csp Technologies, Inc. Resealable moisture tight container assembly for strips and the like having a lip snap seal
US8540116B2 (en) 2006-09-06 2013-09-24 Csp Technologies, Inc. Non-round moisture-tight re-sealable containers with round sealing surfaces
US20140076840A1 (en) * 2011-05-27 2014-03-20 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Packaging assembly, including a bottle and a gasket-less closure for closing the neck of the bottle
US20150136774A1 (en) * 2009-08-31 2015-05-21 Chaim Shemesh Reusable tamper-evident cover for beverage cans
US20230159239A1 (en) * 2021-11-23 2023-05-25 Anthony Clore Combination beverage bottle opener and cap and method therefor

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2538787A1 (fr) * 1982-12-29 1984-07-06 Bouchons Plastiques Combinaison d'un obturateur et du goulot d'un recipient
FR2562039B1 (fr) * 1984-04-02 1987-01-16 Vittel Eaux Min Dispositif de bouchage a accrochage perfectionne
FR2578623B1 (fr) * 1985-03-05 1988-04-22 Elf Antargaz Capsule temoin et obturante pour bouche de gaz en bouteille
CH671005A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1986-10-31 1989-07-31 Wiedmer Plastikform W
AT389097B (de) * 1987-12-22 1989-10-10 Kremsmuenster Kunststoff Schnappverschluss
DE29702142U1 (de) * 1997-02-07 1997-07-10 DBI Plastics A/S, Stenlille Verschluß für Bierfässer
US5992679A (en) * 1998-06-25 1999-11-30 S. C. Johnson Home Storage, Inc. Container Having a selectively detachable lid including an interrupted reinforcing bead
DE10127710A1 (de) * 2001-06-07 2002-12-12 Alpla Werke Kunststoffspritzverfahren hergestellter, einteiliger Verschluss

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3266652A (en) * 1964-07-28 1966-08-16 Patentauswertungsgesellschaft Closure for bottles and like containers
US3292807A (en) * 1964-04-16 1966-12-20 Golde Erich Tamper-proof closure
US3722729A (en) * 1970-08-21 1973-03-27 E Yamada Bottle cap structure and method for making the same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3292807A (en) * 1964-04-16 1966-12-20 Golde Erich Tamper-proof closure
US3266652A (en) * 1964-07-28 1966-08-16 Patentauswertungsgesellschaft Closure for bottles and like containers
US3722729A (en) * 1970-08-21 1973-03-27 E Yamada Bottle cap structure and method for making the same

Cited By (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD252984S (en) 1977-07-05 1979-09-25 G. M. Tool Corporation Closure cap for a bottle or the like
US4209101A (en) * 1977-09-14 1980-06-24 Sweetheart Plastic, Inc. Tamper-proof closure and method of making same
US4216872A (en) * 1978-08-28 1980-08-12 Brickwood Holdings Proprietary Limited Tamper-proof container
US4354610A (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-10-19 Kessler Products Co., Inc. Reusable container closure cap
US4522308A (en) * 1984-01-18 1985-06-11 Sullivan James J Manually mountable tamper evident oral liquid dose viral and seal assembly
US4911316A (en) * 1989-04-27 1990-03-27 Cap Snap Co. Plastic bottle cap sealing plural neck profiles
US5697509A (en) * 1994-06-20 1997-12-16 Anchor Hocking Packaging Company Hinged tamper-evidencing closure
US5762218A (en) * 1994-10-06 1998-06-09 Franz Rossberg Plastic closure retained by snapping over bottle neck bead
US6116444A (en) * 1995-06-15 2000-09-12 Crown Cork Ag Plastic closure cap
US5984125A (en) * 1998-01-20 1999-11-16 Zapata Innovative Closures, Inc. Tamper evident closure for beverages
US6158603A (en) * 1998-01-20 2000-12-12 Zapata Innovative Closures Inc. Tamper evident closure for beverages
US6032827A (en) * 1998-06-25 2000-03-07 S. C. Johnson Home Storage, Inc. Container having a selectively detachable lid including a rigid tab member
EP1194341A4 (en) * 1998-11-02 2006-09-20 Portola Packaging Inc TEETH BAG FOR BOTTLE CAP
US6257435B1 (en) 2000-01-12 2001-07-10 King Plastics, Inc. Tamper evident closure member
WO2003008288A1 (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-01-30 Pelliconi Abruzzo S.R.L. Tamperproof closing element for beverage containers
US6789393B2 (en) 2002-02-11 2004-09-14 S.C. Johnson Home Storage, Inc. Container with pressure relief and lid and method of manufacture therefor
US6981601B2 (en) 2002-03-21 2006-01-03 Alcoa Closure Systems International Tamper-evident snap-on closure with sealing plug and liner
US20030178385A1 (en) * 2002-03-21 2003-09-25 Alcoa Closure Systems International Tamper-evident snap-on closure
US20050230342A1 (en) * 2002-07-11 2005-10-20 Enrico Folchini Tamperproof closing element for beverage containers
US8528778B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2013-09-10 Csp Technologies, Inc. Resealable moisture tight container assembly for strips and the like having a lip snap seal
US11332298B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2022-05-17 Csp Technologies, Inc. Resealable moisture tight container assembly for strips and the like having a lip snap seal
US11230422B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2022-01-25 Csp Technologies, Inc. Resealable moisture tight container assembly for strips and the like having a lip snap seal
US11053060B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2021-07-06 Csp Technologies, Inc. Resealable moisture tight container assembly for strips and the like having a lip snap seal
US20070007230A1 (en) * 2003-08-30 2007-01-11 Sang-Hoon Kim Bottle cap and a bottle with the same
US7611027B2 (en) * 2003-08-30 2009-11-03 Sang-Hoon Kim Bottle cap and a bottle with the same
US20050127023A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2005-06-16 Fredy Mockli Push-off cap of plastic
US20060043053A1 (en) * 2004-08-31 2006-03-02 Coy Herald Tamper-evident plug seal closure
US20060163190A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-27 Laveault Richard A Drinking spout and closure combination for a beverage container
US8540116B2 (en) 2006-09-06 2013-09-24 Csp Technologies, Inc. Non-round moisture-tight re-sealable containers with round sealing surfaces
US20110000930A1 (en) * 2007-11-16 2011-01-06 Airsec S.A.S. Container
US8783485B2 (en) * 2007-11-16 2014-07-22 Clariant Production (France) S.A.S. Container
US20110073610A1 (en) * 2009-03-05 2011-03-31 Jean-Pierre Giraud Two-shell and two-drawer containers
US8540115B2 (en) 2009-03-05 2013-09-24 Csp Technologies, Inc. Two-shell and two-drawer containers
US20120187126A1 (en) * 2009-08-31 2012-07-26 Chaim Shemesh Reusable tamper-evident cover that protects beverage containers' drinking area, also once that area is re-covered
US20150136774A1 (en) * 2009-08-31 2015-05-21 Chaim Shemesh Reusable tamper-evident cover for beverage cans
US10988286B2 (en) * 2009-08-31 2021-04-27 Chaim Shemesh Reusable tamper-evident cover for beverage cans
US20140076840A1 (en) * 2011-05-27 2014-03-20 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Packaging assembly, including a bottle and a gasket-less closure for closing the neck of the bottle
US9580212B2 (en) * 2011-05-27 2017-02-28 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Packaging assembly, including a bottle and a gasket-less closure for closing the neck of the bottle
US20230159239A1 (en) * 2021-11-23 2023-05-25 Anthony Clore Combination beverage bottle opener and cap and method therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1012164B (it) 1977-03-10
DE2420416A1 (de) 1974-11-28
ATA366074A (de) 1978-04-15
ATA693678A (de) 1981-07-15
AT347279B (de) 1978-12-27
BE814715A (fr) 1974-09-02
CH553696A (de) 1974-09-13
AT366074B (de) 1978-04-15
FR2228682A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-12-06
FR2228682B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-03-11
GB1460821A (en) 1977-01-06

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